你上網(wǎng)的習(xí)慣對環(huán)境有害嗎?

你上網(wǎng)的習(xí)慣對環(huán)境有害嗎?

In the old days, when you had to drive to a movie theater or go to a video store to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact on the environment. After all, you were hopping into your car, driving across town and coughing out emissions and using gas all the way.

在過去，當(dāng)你開車去電影院或音像店買些娛樂節(jié)目時，很容易就能看出你的行為對環(huán)境的影響。畢竟，你跳上你的車，開車穿過城市，一路排放廢氣和使用汽油。

The smaller your screen, the less energy you use when you stream. (Photo: GaudiLab/Shutterstock)

But now that we're used to staying at home and streaming movies and miniseries, we might get a little cocky. After all, we're just picking up our phones and maybe turning on the TV.

但是現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了呆在家里看電影和迷你劇，我們可能會有點自大。畢竟，我們只是拿起手機，也許打開電視。

Not so fast, says a recent report from the French-based Shift Project, which bills itself as "the carbon transition think tank."

總部位于法國的“轉(zhuǎn)變項目”(Shift Project)最近發(fā)布了一份報告，稱其為“碳轉(zhuǎn)型智庫”。

According to "Climate Crisis: The Unsustainable Use of Online Video," digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions, and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year.

根據(jù)《氣候危機:在線視頻的不可持續(xù)使用》，數(shù)字技術(shù)造成了4%的溫室氣體排放，而能源消耗每年以9%的速度增長。

"Stored in data centers, videos are transferred to our terminals (computers, smartphones, connected TVs, etc.) via networks (cables, optical fiber, modems, mobile network antennae, etc.): all these processes require electricity whose production consumes resources and usually involves CO2 emissions," the report points out.

報告指出:“視頻存儲在數(shù)據(jù)中心，通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)(電纜、光纖、調(diào)制解調(diào)器、移動網(wǎng)絡(luò)天線等)傳輸?shù)轿覀兊慕K端(電腦、智能手機、聯(lián)網(wǎng)電視等):所有這些過程都需要電力，而電力的生產(chǎn)消耗資源，通常還會排放二氧化碳。”

Watching a half-hour show would lead to 3.5 pounds (1.6 kilograms) of carbon dioxide emissions, Shift Project's Maxime Efoui-Hess tells AFP. That's like driving 3.9 miles (6.28 kilometers).

Shift項目的馬克西姆·福伊-赫斯告訴法新社，看半小時的電視節(jié)目將會導(dǎo)致3.5磅(1.6公斤)的二氧化碳排放。這相當(dāng)于開車3.9英里(6.28公里)。

In the European Union, the Eureca project found that data centers there used 25% more energy in 2017 compared to just three years earlier, reports the BBC.

據(jù)英國廣播公司報道，歐盟Eureca項目發(fā)現(xiàn)，與三年前相比，歐盟數(shù)據(jù)中心2017年的能耗增加了25%。

Project lead scientist, Rabih Bashroush, calculated that 5 billion downloads and streams of the 2017 song "Despacito," consumed as much electricity as the countries of Chad, Guinea-Bissau, Somalia, Sierra Leone and the Central African Republic used in a single year.

該項目的首席科學(xué)家拉比·巴魯什計算出，2017年的歌曲《Despacito》有50億次下載和流媒體，消耗的電量相當(dāng)于乍得、幾內(nèi)亞比紹、索馬里、塞拉利昂和中非共和國一年的用電量。

Streaming is only expected to increase as we become more enamored of our devices and the prospect of enjoying entertainment where and when we want it.

流媒體只會隨著我們越來越迷戀我們的設(shè)備和隨時隨地享受娛樂的前景而增長。

What you can do

你能做什么

Everything you upload to the cloud uses energy, so experts recommend editing what you save. (Photo: GaudiLab/Shutterstock)

You're probably not going to give up your Netflix and other streaming services, but there are things you can do to help lessen the impact of your online use, experts say.

你可能不會放棄你的Netflix和其他流媒體服務(wù)，但專家說，你可以做一些事情來幫助減少在線使用的影響。

For example, practice good digital hygiene, Lutz Stobbe, who researches the environmental impact of information and telecommunications technology at the Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration in Berlin, tells Ecowatch.

例如，實踐良好的數(shù)字衛(wèi)生，Lutz Stobbe在柏林弗勞恩霍夫可靠性和微集成研究所研究信息和電信技術(shù)對環(huán)境的影響，他告訴Ecowatch。

"Do you really need to upload 25 images of the same thing to the cloud? Every photo, every video is constantly backed up, for safety reasons, and that consumes energy every time. If instead you delete a few things here and there, you can save energy."

“你真的需要把同一件事的25張圖片上傳到云端嗎?”為了安全起見，每一張照片、每一段視頻都要不斷地備份，這每次都會消耗能量。相反，如果你刪除一些東西，你可以節(jié)省能源。”

Here are some other tips:

這里有一些其他的提示:

1.Disable autoplay for video through your browser and on social media.

通過瀏覽器和社交媒體禁用視頻自動播放。

2.Stream over Wi-Fi, not mobile networks.

使用Wi-Fi，而不是移動網(wǎng)絡(luò)。

3.Watch on the smallest screen you can. Phones tend to be more energy-efficient than TVs or laptops.

盡量在最小的屏幕上觀看。手機往往比電視或筆記本電腦更節(jié)能。

4.Turn off your Wi-Fi in your home if you're not using your devices.

如果你不使用你家里的設(shè)備，關(guān)掉你的Wi-Fi。

5.Don't use high-definition video on small devices. You won't be able to tell the difference.

不要在小型設(shè)備上使用高清視頻。你看不出有什么區(qū)別。