同樣的行為，黑人學生被停學的幾率是白人的4倍

African-American students are nearly four times as likely to be suspended from school as Caucasians, researchers say.

研究人員說，非裔美國學生被停學的可能性幾乎是白種人的四倍。

And a new study may help explain why.

一項新的研究可能有助于解釋原因。

It alleges to have uncovered evidence of racial bias among a sample of school principals and assistant principals.

該研究聲稱在學校校長和助理校長的樣本中發(fā)現了種族偏見的證據。

African-American middle-school and high-school boys were more likely to be seen as troublemakers and their misbehavior more severe, than Caucasian counterparts for exactly the same behavior, researchers found.

研究人員發(fā)現，與白人相比，非洲裔美國中學和高中男生更容易被視為麻煩制造者，他們的不良行為也更嚴重。

The results help explain not only issues relating to school discipline but also problems with education and life chances, the researchers added. School suspensions can end up having serious long-term consequences for the students, they note.

研究人員補充說，研究結果不僅有助于解釋與學校紀律有關的問題，還有助于解釋與教育和生活機會有關的問題。他們指出，停學可能會給學生帶來嚴重的長期后果。

Students who have been suspended from school can fall badly behind others in key metrics such as reading skills. “The more students fall behind, the less likely they are to graduate from high school or enter college and the more likely they are to become incarcerated, a growing concern called the ‘school-to-prison pipeline,’” the researchers add.

被停學的學生在閱讀技能等關鍵指標上可能遠遠落后于其他人。研究人員補充說:“落后的學生越多，他們從高中畢業(yè)或進入大學的可能性就越小，他們被監(jiān)禁的可能性也就越大，這是一種被稱為‘學校到監(jiān)獄的管道’的日益增長的擔憂。”

These disparities can have long-term financial consequences: full-time workers who didn’t graduate from high school had a median weekly wage of $520, compared with $712 a week for workers with a high school diploma but no college, according to 2017 figures from the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

這些差異可能會產生長期的經濟后果:美國勞工統計局(Bureau of Labor Statistics) 2017年的數據顯示，高中未畢業(yè)的全職工人每周工資中值為520美元，而高中文憑但沒有大學文憑的工人每周工資中值為712美元。

The research was conducted by Shoshana Jarvis, a doctoral research student in psychology at the University of California, Berkeley and psychology professor Jason Okonofua. It is published in the Journal of Social Psychological and Personality Science.

這項研究由加州大學伯克利分校心理學博士生Shoshana Jarvis和心理學教授Jason Okonofua共同完成。該研究結果發(fā)表在《社會心理與人格科學》雜志上。

Previous research has suggested school administrators treat black students differently than their white counterparts. National data collected by the US Department of Education’s Office For Civil Rights showed that in the 2015-16 school year, black students were more likely to be suspended from school than white students: black male students represented 8 percent of enrolled students and accounted for 25 percent of students who received an out-of-school suspension.

先前的研究表明，學校管理者對待黑人學生的方式與對待白人學生的方式不同。美國教育部民權辦公室收集的國家數據顯示，在2015-16學年，黑人學生比白人學生更容易被停學：黑人男生占在校生的8%，占被停學學生的25%。

Bottom line: The principals and assistant principals rated the same misbehavior by black students as more severe than the white students’ misbehavior. The black students were more likely to be seen as troublemakers and were on average given more days’ suspension.

一句話：校長和助理校長認為黑人學生的同樣錯誤行為,比白人學生的錯誤行為更嚴重。黑人學生更容易被視為搗亂者，平均被停課天數更長。