烏鴉因?yàn)槌钥觳停懝檀己吭絹碓礁?/h1>

所屬教程:英語漫讀

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2019年08月28日

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Crows: They're just like us. They love fast food, but fast food doesn't always love them back.

烏鴉:它們和我們一樣喜歡快餐，但快餐并不總是同樣愛著它們。

A new study shows that eating cheeseburgers increased urban crows' cholesterol. (Photo: Dodge Stock/Shutterstock)

Urbanized crows survive on a diet that's mostly human leftovers. Oftentimes, it's fast food. Think pizza crusts, bread crumbs and other processed foods that don't occur naturally in nature. To see what kind of effect that diet was having on the birds' health, a team of ornithologists at Hamilton College in Clinton, New York, led a study to test the effect of cheeseburgers on urban crows' cholesterol levels.

都市化的烏鴉主要靠人類的剩飯剩菜生存。通常是快餐。想想披薩皮、面包屑和其他在自然界中不會(huì)自然出現(xiàn)的加工食品。為了了解這種飲食對(duì)烏鴉的健康有什么樣的影響，紐約克林頓市漢密爾頓學(xué)院的鳥類學(xué)家團(tuán)隊(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了一項(xiàng)研究，測(cè)試了芝士漢堡對(duì)城市烏鴉膽固醇水平的影響。

Previous studies had shown that wildlife in urban areas, such as house sparrows, had high cholesterol levels. The scientists began by testing 140 crow nestlings in Davis, California, in a region that spanned rural to urban. And indeed, they found the more urban the bird, the higher its cholesterol.

此前的研究表明，城市地區(qū)的野生動(dòng)物，如家養(yǎng)麻雀，膽固醇水平較高。科學(xué)家們首先在加州戴維斯對(duì)140只雛鳥進(jìn)行了測(cè)試。事實(shí)上，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這種鳥越城市化，它的膽固醇就越高。

Their next study took place in rural Clinton, New York, but this time, they supplemented the birds' diets with a high-cholesterol food: cheeseburgers. At one point, they were calling in 100 McDonald's cheeseburgers at a time. "They thought we were joking," Andrea Townsend, the lead researcher, told National Geographic.

他們的下一項(xiàng)研究是在紐約的克林頓鄉(xiāng)村進(jìn)行的，但這一次，他們用高膽固醇食物補(bǔ)充了鳥兒的飲食:奶酪漢堡。有一段時(shí)間，他們一次叫來100個(gè)麥當(dāng)勞芝士漢堡。“他們以為我們?cè)陂_玩笑，”首席研究員安德里亞·湯森(Andrea Townsend)告訴《國(guó)家地理》(National Geographic)雜志。

Just like humans, crows should practice moderation when it comes to fast food. (Photo: PierreSelim [CC by SA 3.0]/Wikimedia Commons)

Notably, the cholesterol levels did not have an impact on the birds' survival. And the baby crows who received a burger-rich diet ended up, technically, in "better body condition" than their rural counterparts. Although "if you’re a chubby crow, essentially, that’s considered to be good condition,” Townsend noted.

值得注意的是，膽固醇水平對(duì)鳥類的生存沒有影響。從技術(shù)上講，吃了富含漢堡的食物的烏鴉寶寶的“身體狀況”要比它們的農(nóng)村同伴好。盡管“如果你是一只胖嘟嘟的烏鴉，基本上，這被認(rèn)為是一種良好的狀態(tài)，”湯森指出。

The study, published in the scientific journal The Condor, believes that crows might develop heart disease later in life, but more research is needed.

這項(xiàng)發(fā)表在科學(xué)雜志《禿鷹》上的研究認(rèn)為，烏鴉可能會(huì)在晚年患上心臟病，但還需要更多的研究。

For now, just like us, the birds would do better eating cheeseburgers in moderation. If you want to continue feeding the birds in your neighborhood, the scientists suggest something less processed, and as close to natural as you can get.

現(xiàn)在，就像我們一樣，鳥類在適度食用芝士漢堡方面會(huì)做得更好。如果你想繼續(xù)喂養(yǎng)你附近的鳥類，科學(xué)家們建議一些不那么加工的，盡可能接近自然的食物。