如何保護(hù)自己免受蜱蟲(chóng)的威脅？

如何保護(hù)自己免受蜱蟲(chóng)的威脅？

As the temps climb and many people head outdoors, particularly when walking through woods, underbrush, tall grasses or weeds, the chance of picking up an unwelcome hanger-on rises.

隨著氣溫的升高，許多人會(huì)前往戶(hù)外，尤其是在穿過(guò)樹(shù)林、灌木叢、高草或雜草時(shí)，撿起一個(gè)不受歡迎的“馬屁蟲(chóng)”的幾率會(huì)上升。

Warmer months can get buggy. But one threat isn't a bug at all, but an arachnid (and not a spider in this case, either). Ticks can be more than an annoyance; they may transmit disease when they bite into human skin, and hold fast. And that threat is growing.

溫暖的月份可能會(huì)出問(wèn)題。但威脅根本不是蟲(chóng)子，而是蛛形綱動(dòng)物(在本例中也不是蜘蛛)。蜱蟲(chóng)不僅僅是一種煩惱;當(dāng)它們緊緊抓人的皮膚并咬一口時(shí)，就會(huì)傳播疾病。而這種威脅正在加劇。

According to a report released in May by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, disease cases from mosquito, flea and tick bites in the U.S. tripled from 2004 to 2016. That coincides with a significant increase in the known range of species like the blacklegged tick, which – when infected with the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi or Borrelia mayonii – can transmit Lyme disease.

美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心今年5月發(fā)布的一份報(bào)告顯示，2004年至2016年，美國(guó)蚊子、跳蚤和蜱蟲(chóng)叮咬的病例增加了兩倍。與此同時(shí)，黑腳蜱等已知物種的數(shù)量也在顯著增加。當(dāng)黑腳蜱感染了burgdorferi或Borrelia mayonii細(xì)菌后，可以傳播萊姆病。

Preventing Bites From Tick

防止被蜱蟲(chóng)叮咬

First, it's important to assess the risk. Not only might you encounter ticks on a hike, but experts say increasingly that yards are in tick-prone regions; in such places, particularly where there's suitable habitat like woods or tall grasses, ticks can also pose a threat.

首先，評(píng)估風(fēng)險(xiǎn)很重要。你不僅可能在徒步旅行中遇到蜱蟲(chóng)，而且專(zhuān)家們?cè)絹?lái)越多地表示，院子里的蜱蟲(chóng)很容易滋生;在這些地方，特別是在有合適棲息地的地方，如樹(shù)林或高草，蜱蟲(chóng)也會(huì)造成威脅。

Repel ticks. If you're going to be spending time in an area that's likely to have ticks, experts say it's important to take precautions to keep ticks off your skin. "Treat your clothing and gear with products that contain permethrin," Eisen says.

擊退蜱蟲(chóng)。專(zhuān)家說(shuō)，如果你要在可能有蜱蟲(chóng)的地方待上一段時(shí)間，采取預(yù)防措施防止蜱蟲(chóng)進(jìn)入皮膚是很重要的。“用含有氯菊酯的產(chǎn)品來(lái)處理你的衣服和裝備，”Eisen說(shuō)。

Keep ticks out of your backyard. Tick-tracking efforts led by Mather and other researchers have found that treating backyards for ticks is also highly effective to keep ticks out. "In a lot of people's yards, increasingly, they're finding that they live where ticks do. You can hire someone to come in and spray an effective tick-killing product, and it reduces the number of ticks. In my own yard, I've done it since I've lived there [beginning] in 1999."

讓蜱蟲(chóng)遠(yuǎn)離你的后院。馬瑟和其他研究人員領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的跟蹤蜱蟲(chóng)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，治療后院的蜱蟲(chóng)也能有效地將蜱蟲(chóng)拒之門(mén)外。“在很多人的院子里，越來(lái)越多的人發(fā)現(xiàn)他們生活在蜱蟲(chóng)生活的地方。“你可以雇人來(lái)噴灑一種有效的殺蜱產(chǎn)品，這樣可以減少蜱蟲(chóng)的數(shù)量。在我自己的院子里，我從1999年(開(kāi)始)住在那里以來(lái)就一直這樣做。”

Check for ticks. "Look in the crevices of your body, which is where ticks like to hide … so behind your ears, in the armpits, around the groin, ankles, behind your knee – those are places where ticks like to go to," Lyons says. Also, make sure to check kids and pets, and remove ticks right away.

檢查蜱蟲(chóng)。里昂說(shuō):“看看你身體的縫隙，那里是蜱蟲(chóng)喜歡藏身的地方……所以在你的耳朵后面，腋窩，腹股溝周?chē)_踝，膝蓋后面——這些地方都是蜱蟲(chóng)喜歡藏身的地方。”此外，一定要檢查孩子和寵物，并立即清除蜱蟲(chóng)。