今年的諾貝爾文學(xué)獎不發(fā)了！
瑞典學(xué)院在上周五對外宣布，今年不再頒發(fā)諾貝爾文學(xué)獎。
Instead, it plans to award the prestigious prize twice next year.
它計劃在明年同時為兩位獲獎?wù)哳C發(fā)一享有盛譽的獎項。
"We have decided not to award a prize after long and intense discussions. The confidence (in the Swedish Academy) is so low in the rest of the world that we will not do it this year. However, we plan to award the prize next year and hopefully then a double prize. It has happened five times before and is not a unique event," the Academy’s interim head Anders Olsson told newswire TT.
“經(jīng)過漫長而激烈的討論之后，我們共同做出了這個決定，今年取消頒獎。對世界其他地方而言，瑞典學(xué)院的公信力陷入了谷底，以至于我們在今年無法令人信服地授人以榮譽，但我們計劃在下一屆補上今年的獎項并希望將獎金的額度提高一倍。類似的事情之前也發(fā)生過五次，所以這并不是前所未有的舉措。”該學(xué)院的臨時主管告訴媒體。
Friday's news comes after weeks of crisis meetings and mass resignations from the Swedish Academy. It all started during the #MeToo campaign when 18 women in newspaper Dagens Nyheter accused a well-known French culture figure – with whom it had close ties – of sexual violence or harassment.
周五的新聞是持續(xù)了數(shù)周的危機會議和瑞典學(xué)院內(nèi)部教職員工大量辭職事件的自然后續(xù)。這一切都始于#MeToo運動，當(dāng)時紙媒Dagens Nyheter報爆出，18名女性指控法國著名的文化學(xué)者與一系列性暴力或性騷擾事件密切相關(guān)。
The man in question, Jean-Claude Arnault, denied all accusations. However, the reports also led to a series of other questions raised about the Academy's close ties to his culture venue, including about payouts made to the venue and allegations of names of Nobel Prize winners being leaked in advance.
受眾人所指的對象、讓-克洛德·阿爾諾否認了所有指控。然而，這些報道還引出了一系列的問題，涉及文化名人的名聲與他在文學(xué)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的地位，為他帶來的各種灰色利益與潛規(guī)則，其中包括對接受商業(yè)賄賂和提前泄露諾貝爾獎得主的名字。
After failing to contain the fallout, six out of 18 total members resigned, including the permanent secretary Sara Danius and Arnault's wife, poet Katarina Frostensson.
在緊急會議未能遏制這一事件帶來的惡劣影響之后，文學(xué)院的18名院士中有6人提出辭職，其中包括常任秘書薩拉·丹尼斯和阿爾諾的妻子、詩人卡特琳娜·弗羅斯滕森。
Traditionally, its 18 members are appointed for life and cannot resign, but they can choose not to participate. One member has been inactive since 1989 when the Academy refused to condemn a fatwa against Salman Rushdie following the publication of his novel ‘The Satanic Verses'. It did so 27 years later. Another member left the Academy in 2015.
傳統(tǒng)上，這18名學(xué)院院士是終身任命的，不得辭職，但他們可以選擇拒絕履行院士的職責(zé)。1989年，一名院士于因與學(xué)院意見相左而選擇不再參見學(xué)院活動，原因是伊朗宗教領(lǐng)袖霍梅尼下令追殺《撒旦詩篇》作者、英籍印度裔作家薩爾曼· 拉什迪，多數(shù)院士以不應(yīng)干預(yù)政治為由拒絕以文學(xué)院名義發(fā)表譴責(zé)聲明。學(xué)院在27年后做到了這一點。另一名院士則于2015年后，不再出現(xiàn)在人前。
According to its statutes, at least 12 members are needed in order to vote in a new member, triggering a massive headache for the 10 remaining members.
根據(jù)其章程，至少需要12名成員才能投票選出新的院士，而辭職事件導(dǎo)致可參與投票的院士僅余10人。當(dāng)前窘境令文學(xué)院頭疼無比。
Sweden's King Carl XVI Gustaf, who is the patron of the Academy founded in 1786, has agreed to change the statutes to allow members to resign and be replaced, thereby ensuring the institution's survival.
瑞典國王卡爾十六世古斯塔夫是成立于1786年的瑞典學(xué)院的贊助人，他同意修改學(xué)院條例，允許成員辭職并引入替補人選，從而確保該機構(gòu)的生存。
