馬斯克：人工智能或?qū)е碌谌问澜绱髴?zhàn)

“對(duì)文明的存續(xù)而言，真正有可能引發(fā)第三次世界大戰(zhàn)的，是AI(人工智能)”。9月4日，被許多人看作“現(xiàn)實(shí)版鋼鐵俠”的SpaceX公司創(chuàng)始人埃隆•馬斯克連發(fā)多條推特，表明了上述觀點(diǎn)。雖然身為美國(guó)頂尖科技公司的老板，埃隆•馬斯克對(duì)人工智能的“擔(dān)憂”一直十分鮮明。

Elon Musk, founder, CEO and lead designer at SpaceX and co-founder of Tesla, speaks at the SpaceX Hyperloop Pod Competition II in Hawthorne, California, US, August 27, 2017. REUTERS/Mike Blake

Elon Musk has said again that artificial intelligence could be humanity’s greatest existential threat, this time by starting a third world war.

埃隆•馬斯克再一次警告稱，人工智能或?qū)⒊蔀槿祟惔嫱龅耐{，這次他指的是人工智能將會(huì)引發(fā)第三次世界大戰(zhàn)。

The prospect clearly weighs heavily on Musk’s mind, since the SpaceX, Tesla and Boring Company chief tweeted at 2.33am Los Angeles time about how AI could lead to the end of the world.

洛杉磯時(shí)間(9月4日)凌晨2時(shí)33分，SpaceX、特斯拉和Boring Company的CEO馬斯克在推特上發(fā)表了關(guān)于人工智能或引發(fā)世界末日的言論，顯然他對(duì)這一前景感到十分擔(dān)憂。

His fears were prompted by a statement from Vladimir Putin that “artificial intelligence is the future, not only for Russia, but for all humankind … It comes with colossal opportunities, but also threats that are difficult to predict. Whoever becomes the leader in this sphere will become the ruler of the world.”

俄羅斯總統(tǒng)普京曾在一場(chǎng)演講中說(shuō)道：“未來(lái)是屬于人工智能的，不僅是俄羅斯的，也是全人類的未來(lái)……這將帶來(lái)巨大的機(jī)遇，同時(shí)也有難以預(yù)測(cè)的威脅。人工智能領(lǐng)域的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者將成為世界的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。”普京這一言論引起了馬斯克對(duì)于人工智能的恐懼。

美國(guó)科技網(wǎng)站The Verge在推特上發(fā)文稱，俄羅斯總統(tǒng)普京表示，“不論哪個(gè)國(guó)家，誰(shuí)在AI領(lǐng)域領(lǐng)跑誰(shuí)就會(huì)成為世界的統(tǒng)治者”。馬斯克在這條推特下評(píng)論道，“已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了。”

China, Russia, soon all countries w strong computer science. Competition for AI superiority at national level most likely cause of WW3 imo.

“中國(guó)、俄羅斯，所有國(guó)家都會(huì)壯大發(fā)展計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)。在我看來(lái)，國(guó)家間對(duì)人工智能優(yōu)勢(shì)的爭(zhēng)奪，很可能引發(fā)第三次世界大戰(zhàn)。”

——埃隆•馬斯克(@elonmusk)發(fā)于2017年9月4日

In a series of tweets on Monday, the Tesla, SpaceX, Neuralink and OpenAI co-founder wrote that artificial intelligence could be the eventual cause of the next world war.

在9月4日發(fā)布的眾多推特中，特斯拉、SpaceX 、Neuralink及OpenAI公司的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人馬斯克表示，人工智能將成為下一次世界大戰(zhàn)的根源。

May be initiated not by the country leaders, but one of the AI's, if it decides that a preemptive strike is most probable path to victory.

“(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng))可能不是由某個(gè)國(guó)家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人發(fā)起，而是由人工智能發(fā)起的，只要它認(rèn)為一場(chǎng)先發(fā)制人的打擊最有可能帶來(lái)勝利。”

——埃隆•馬斯克(@elonmusk)發(fā)于2017年9月4日

Govts don't need to follow normal laws. They will obtain AI developed by companies at gunpoint, if necessary.

“政府不需要遵循正常法則，必要的話，他們會(huì)拿著槍逼企業(yè)交出他們開(kāi)發(fā)的AI技術(shù)。”

——埃隆•馬斯克(@elonmusk)發(fā)于2017年9月4日

Musk’s fear of AI warfare has been a driving force in his public statements for a long time. Last month, he was one of more than 100 signatories calling for a UN-led ban of lethal autonomous weapons.

長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)，馬斯克對(duì)于人工智能發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的恐懼一直是他在公共場(chǎng)合發(fā)表的言論的主論調(diào)。在8月，他與其他100多人聯(lián)名簽署了一封建議信，呼吁聯(lián)合國(guó)禁止研發(fā)“機(jī)器人殺手”(能致人死亡的自動(dòng)武器)。

“Once developed, lethal autonomous weapons will permit armed conflict to be fought at a scale greater than ever, and at timescales faster than humans can comprehend,” the letter read. “These can be weapons of terror, weapons that despots and terrorists use against innocent populations, and weapons hacked to behave in undesirable ways.

信里寫(xiě)道：“機(jī)器人殺手一旦研發(fā)出來(lái)，將會(huì)造成空前規(guī)模的武裝沖突，其速度之快也遠(yuǎn)超人們所能理解的程度。這或許還會(huì)變成恐怖行動(dòng)的武器，專制者和恐怖分子用來(lái)對(duì)付無(wú)辜大眾的武器，還可能被黑客盜用來(lái)做不法之事。”

“We do not have long to act. Once this Pandora’s box is opened, it will be hard to close.”

“我們要快點(diǎn)行動(dòng)起來(lái)，潘多拉魔盒一旦打開(kāi)，就很難合上。”