《致命中國(guó)》作者將執(zhí)掌白宮國(guó)家貿(mào)易委員會(huì)
唐納德•特朗普(Donald Trump)計(jì)劃在美國(guó)白宮內(nèi)部成立一個(gè)“國(guó)家貿(mào)易委員會(huì)”(National Trade Council)，負(fù)責(zé)產(chǎn)業(yè)政策，并將任命一個(gè)對(duì)華鷹派人物、民粹主義經(jīng)濟(jì)信息的制造者來領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這個(gè)新委員會(huì)。
Mr Trump has chosen Peter Navarro, a Harvard-trained economist, to head the NTC, the Financial Times has learnt. The author of books such as Death by China and Crouching Tiger: What China’s Militarism Means for the World has for years warned that the US is engaged in an economic war with China and should adopt a more aggressive stance — a message that the president-elect sold to voters across the US during his campaign.
據(jù)英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》了解，特朗普選擇由畢業(yè)自哈佛(Harvard)的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家彼得•納瓦羅(Peter Navarro)來領(lǐng)導(dǎo)國(guó)家貿(mào)易委員會(huì)。納瓦羅著有《致命中國(guó)》(Death by China)、《臥虎：中國(guó)軍國(guó)主義對(duì)世界意味著什么》(Crouching Tiger: What China’s Militarism Means for the World)等書，常年來不斷警告美國(guó)正在與中國(guó)進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，應(yīng)該采取更強(qiáng)硬的態(tài)度——特朗普在競(jìng)選期間向全美選民兜售同樣的信息。
“I read one of Peter’s books on America’s trade problems years ago and was impressed by the clarity of his arguments and thoroughness of his research,” Mr Trump said. “He has presciently documented the harms inflicted by globalism on American workers, and laid out a path forward to restore our middle class.”
特朗普說：“幾年前我讀過彼得關(guān)于美國(guó)貿(mào)易問題的一本書，他那清晰的論點(diǎn)，周密的研究，給我留下了深刻印象。他很有遠(yuǎn)見地記述了全球主義對(duì)美國(guó)工人造成的傷害，并為復(fù)興我們的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)指明了一條路。”
The Trump transition team described Mr Navarro as a “visionary economist” who would “develop trade policies that shrink our trade deficit, expand our growth, and help stop the exodus of jobs from our shores”. His appointment is the second restructuring of trade policy that will see Mr Trump attempt to follow through on his focus to resurrect manufacturing, and create more industrial jobs, in the American economy.
特朗普過渡團(tuán)隊(duì)形容納瓦羅是“一位具有遠(yuǎn)見卓識(shí)的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家，他將制定貿(mào)易政策，縮小我們的貿(mào)易逆差，擴(kuò)大我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，幫助我們阻止就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)流出國(guó)境”。他獲得的這個(gè)任命是特朗普調(diào)整貿(mào)易政策的第二個(gè)動(dòng)作，特朗普將試圖貫徹他的核心經(jīng)濟(jì)策略，即振興美國(guó)制造業(yè)，在國(guó)內(nèi)工業(yè)中創(chuàng)造更多就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。
The FT reported earlier this month that Mr Trump had tapped Wilbur Ross, a billionaire investor who has been nominated as secretary of commerce, to oversee his trade policy, creating a new inter-agency process that would cut the influence of the US Trade Representative, the office which has for years negotiated trade deals.
英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》本月早些時(shí)候曾報(bào)道，特朗普已選擇由威爾伯•羅斯(Wilbur Ross)——億萬富翁投資者、已獲商務(wù)部長(zhǎng)提名——來負(fù)責(zé)其貿(mào)易政策，他將創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的機(jī)構(gòu)間機(jī)制，以減少美國(guó)貿(mào)易代表辦公室(Office of the US Trade Representative)的影響力，該機(jī)構(gòu)多年來負(fù)責(zé)談判貿(mào)易協(xié)議。
The Trump team said the NTC would lead a “Buy America, Hire America” programme that would boost job creation in areas such as infrastructure and defence. It will work in tandem with three other offices in the White House: the National Security Council, the National Economic Council and the Domestic Policy Council.
特朗普?qǐng)F(tuán)隊(duì)表示，國(guó)家貿(mào)易委員會(huì)將負(fù)責(zé)一個(gè)“買美國(guó)、雇美國(guó)”(Buy America, Hire America)計(jì)劃，促進(jìn)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和國(guó)防等領(lǐng)域的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。它將與白宮其他三個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)相互合作，它們分別是：國(guó)家安全委員會(huì)(National Security Council)、國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì)(National Economic Council)和國(guó)內(nèi)政策委員會(huì)(Domestic Policy Council)。
They added that it would mark the first time there was an office dedicated to manufacturing inside the White House, in a strong signal that Mr Trump plans to follow through on the promises that he made on the campaign trail.
他們還表示，這標(biāo)志著白宮內(nèi)部首次有了一個(gè)專門負(fù)責(zé)制造業(yè)事務(wù)的辦公室——強(qiáng)烈表明特朗普計(jì)劃兌現(xiàn)競(jìng)選期間做出的承諾。
“We were a great team during the campaign, and we will be a great team during the administration,” said Mr Ross.
羅斯稱：“我們?cè)诟?jìng)選期間就是一個(gè)偉大的團(tuán)隊(duì)，在執(zhí)政期間，我們依然會(huì)是一個(gè)偉大團(tuán)隊(duì)。”
Mr Trump has moved quickly to name a cabinet and team of top advisers that leans heavily on people with business and military experience and that mostly eschews people with executive experience in Washington.
特朗普已快速完成對(duì)內(nèi)閣成員和高級(jí)幕僚團(tuán)隊(duì)的任命，主要倚重?fù)碛猩虡I(yè)和軍事經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人士，基本上避開了華盛頓不少執(zhí)政經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的人士。
The move to create the new office is likely to be seen as controversial by mainstream economists, many in the business community and pro-trade Republicans. Targeting the trade deficit is seen by many economists as likely to lead to protectionist trade policies. It may also be complicated by Mr Trump’s plans for an increase in spending and rising interest rates, both of which have already yielded a surge in the dollar that is likely to make US exports less competitive and would normally lead to a bigger trade deficit.
在主流經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家、許多商界人士以及支持貿(mào)易的共和黨人士看來，新設(shè)國(guó)家貿(mào)易委員會(huì)的舉措很可能具有爭(zhēng)議性。許多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，把縮小貿(mào)易逆差當(dāng)作目標(biāo)很可能導(dǎo)致貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義政策。特朗普增加開支的計(jì)劃和利率升高可能還會(huì)令當(dāng)前局勢(shì)復(fù)雜化，這兩個(gè)因素已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致美元大幅升值，這恐將削弱美國(guó)的出口競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致更大的貿(mào)易逆差。
Mr Navarro and Mr Ross were credited with filling out Mr Trump’s economic plan, most notably in a white paper, which called for a focus on reducing the US trade deficit and boosting manufacturing, arguing both would help restore economic growth to a historical average of around 3.5 per cent per year.
特朗普的經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃主要是由納瓦羅和羅斯起草的，該計(jì)劃呼吁著重于減少美國(guó)貿(mào)易逆差和振興制造業(yè)，稱這兩者將有助于美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速恢復(fù)至3.5%左右的歷史平均水平。
The transition team said Mr Navarro, who teaches at the University of California-Irvine, would be advising the incoming president on “innovative strategies” in trade negotiations and working with other agencies on ways to bolder US manufacturing.
特朗普的過渡團(tuán)隊(duì)表示，目前在加州大學(xué)歐文分校(University of California-Irvine)執(zhí)教的納瓦羅將在貿(mào)易談判的“創(chuàng)新策略”方面為即將上任的特朗普總統(tǒng)提供建議，并與其他部門合作共同提振美國(guó)制造業(yè)。
