如何防范手機(jī)黑客，教您幾個(gè)妙招

The government hack of an iPhone used by a San Bernardino killer serves as a reminder that phones and other electronic devices aren't impenetrable vaults.

政府雇傭黑客成功破解圣貝納迪諾案件殺手的iPhone數(shù)據(jù)的案例，警醒我們，手機(jī)和其他電子設(shè)備并不像銀行金庫(kù)那樣安全可靠，牢不可破。

While most people aren't targets of the NSA, FBI or a foreign government, hackers are looking to steal the financial and personal information of ordinary people.

雖然大多數(shù)人的金融賬戶和個(gè)人信息并非國(guó)家安全局、聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局，或外國(guó)政府的調(diào)查目標(biāo)，但卻時(shí)刻可能成為黑客的竊取對(duì)象。

Your phone stores more than just selfies. Your email account on the phone, for instance, is a gateway to resetting banking and other sensitive passwords.

您的手機(jī)中不僅存有自拍，還有許多其他關(guān)鍵信息。例如，黑客可通過(guò)電子郵箱賬戶，重置您的銀行賬戶密碼和其他敏感密碼。

Like washing your hands and brushing your teeth, a little 'cyber hygiene' can go a long way toward preventing disaster.

“網(wǎng)絡(luò)清潔”雖然是不起眼的小事，但就像洗手和刷牙一樣，可以為您省去大麻煩。

LOCK YOUR PHONE WITH A PASSCODE

使用鎖屏密碼

Failing to do so is like leaving your front door unlocked.

手機(jī)不設(shè)密碼鎖，就像家里沒(méi)人、門(mén)戶大開(kāi)一樣，毫無(wú)安全可言。

A four-digit passcode - and an accompanying self-destruct feature that might wipe a phone's data after too many wrong guesses - stumped the FBI for weeks and forced them to bring in outside help.

別小看這一串四位數(shù)密碼，輸錯(cuò)太多次的話，手機(jī)就會(huì)自動(dòng)抹掉數(shù)據(jù)。連FBI調(diào)查員都被這難倒，不得不請(qǐng)外援幫助。

Using six digits makes a passcode 100 times harder to guess.

六位密碼要比四位密碼難猜100倍。

And if you want to make it even harder, you can add letters and other characters to further increase the number of possible combinations.

如果想讓密碼更難猜，可以添加些字母或其他字符，這會(huì)進(jìn)一步降低猜中幾率，增加破解難度。

These are options on both iPhones and Android.

iPhone和安卓手機(jī)都有這些選項(xiàng)。

The iPhone's self-destruct feature is something you must turn on in the settings, under Touch ID & Passcode.

要打開(kāi)iPhone的數(shù)據(jù)自動(dòng)銷毀功能，你可以在設(shè)置里面的Touch ID & Passcode選項(xiàng)下操作。

Do so, and the phone wipes itself clean after 10 failed attempts. But the 10 attempts apply to your guesses, too, if you forget your passcode, or if your kids start randomly punching in numbers. Android has a similar feature.

這樣設(shè)置以后，輸錯(cuò)密碼10次，手機(jī)就會(huì)自動(dòng)抹掉數(shù)據(jù)。但是，如果您真忘記了密碼，或者熊孩子隨手亂按數(shù)字，手機(jī)也會(huì)在密碼輸錯(cuò)10次后自動(dòng)銷毀數(shù)據(jù)。安卓系統(tǒng)也有類似的功能。

Both systems will also introduce waiting periods after several wrong guesses to make it tough to try all combos.

密碼輸錯(cuò)幾次后，iPhone和安卓系統(tǒng)都會(huì)進(jìn)入停用模式，所以很難再繼續(xù)試密碼。

Biometrics, such as fingerprint scanners, can act as a shortcut and make complex passcodes less of a pain.

我們還能通過(guò)指紋驗(yàn)證等生物識(shí)別技術(shù)，方便快捷地進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證，免去輸入密碼的麻煩。

USE ENCRYPTION

使用加密功能

Much to the FBI's displeasure, iPhones running at least iOS 8 offer full-disk encryption by default.

更讓聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局頭疼的是，iPhone從iOS8系統(tǒng)版本開(kāi)始，默認(rèn)為全磁盤(pán)提供加密功能。

That means that the information stored on the phone can't be extracted - by authorities or by hackers - and read on another computer.

這意味著，無(wú)論政府或者黑客，都無(wú)法在另一臺(tái)電腦上讀取手機(jī)所儲(chǔ)存的信息。

If the phone isn't unlocked first, any information obtained would be scrambled and unreadable.

如果手機(jī)沒(méi)有被解鎖，從中獲取的任何信息都是不可讀的亂碼。

With Android, however, you typically have to turn that on in the settings.

對(duì)于安卓系統(tǒng)，你得在設(shè)置中開(kāi)啟加密功能。

Google's policy requires many phones with the latest version of Android, including its own Nexus phones, to offer encryption by default.

針對(duì)默認(rèn)加密服務(wù)，谷歌的政策要求手機(jī)安裝最新安卓系統(tǒng)，包括谷歌自己的Nexus手機(jī)，內(nèi)附加密升級(jí)版軟件。

But, according to Google, only 2.3 percent of active Android devices currently are running that version.

但據(jù)谷歌數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，目前只有2.3%的安卓活躍用戶在使用該版本。

SET UP DEVICE FINDERS

設(shè)置手機(jī)尋找功能

Find My iPhone isn't just for finding your phone in the couch cushions.

“查找我的iPhone”功能并不是在沙發(fā)墊上找手機(jī)那么簡(jiǎn)單。

If your device disappears, you can put it in Lost Mode. That locks your screen with a passcode, if it isn't already, and lets you display a custom message with a phone number to help you get it back.

如果手機(jī)不見(jiàn)了，您可以通過(guò)密碼將其設(shè)置成丟失模式，鎖定手機(jī)。鎖定前，您還可以在自己的iPhone上顯示用來(lái)取得聯(lián)系的電話號(hào)碼，幫助找回手機(jī)。

The app comes with iPhones, but you need to set it up before you lose your phone. Look for the Find iPhone app in the Extras folder.

雖然這項(xiàng)應(yīng)用程序是iPhone自帶的，但是你得在手機(jī)丟失前設(shè)置好。打開(kāi)Extras文件夾，即可找到Find iPhone應(yīng)用。

Meanwhile, Activation Lock makes it harder for thieves to sell your device.

與此同時(shí)，有了激活鎖定功能，小偷也很難將贓物賣(mài)出。

The phone becomes unusable - it can't be reactivated - without knowing its Apple ID. The feature kicks in automatically on phones running at least iOS 7.

不知道蘋(píng)果賬戶的ID和密碼，就無(wú)法重新激活使用手機(jī)。iOS7系統(tǒng)版本以上的iPhone都自帶這項(xiàng)功能。

If all else fails, you can remotely wipe the phone's data.

如果上述嘗試都已失敗，那么您只好遠(yuǎn)程抹掉手機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)。

While your information will be lost, at least it won't end up in the hands of a nefarious person.

哪怕手機(jī)信息全沒(méi)了，也比落在壞人手里強(qiáng)。

There isn't anything comparable built into Android phones, but Google's Android Device Manager app, along with a handful of others made by third parties, can be downloaded for free from the Google Play app store.

雖然安卓系統(tǒng)目前沒(méi)有類似功能，但谷歌的“安卓設(shè)備管理器”應(yīng)用和第三方出品的一些其他軟件也能發(fā)揮一定作用。這些應(yīng)用可從谷歌官方電子市場(chǎng)免費(fèi)下載。

BACK UP YOUR PHONE

備份手機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)

If you do have to remotely wipe the phone's data, it's comforting to know that you won't lose all your photos and other important data.

備份的好處令人欣慰，就算您不得不抹掉手機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)，也不會(huì)丟光照片和其他重要數(shù)據(jù)。

It's helpful, too, if your toddler dunks your phone in a glass of water.

熊孩子把你手機(jī)泡在一杯水里的時(shí)候，備份也派得上用場(chǎng)。

As mentioned before, apps such as Find My iPhone and Android Device Manager will allow you to do this, provided you set them up ahead of time.

如上所述，在事先備份的前提下，您可以通過(guò)“查找我的iPhone”和“安卓設(shè)備管理器”等應(yīng)用恢復(fù)備份數(shù)據(jù)。

KEEP YOUR SOFTWARE UP TO DATE

更新軟件

Software updates often contain fixes to known flaws that might give hackers a way into your device.

軟件更新是為了修復(fù)舊版本中的缺陷和漏洞，將黑客入侵您手機(jī)設(shè)備的可能性降到最低。

On iPhones, Apple prompts you to get the update. Alternatively, you can go to Settings, General and Software Update to check which version you are running.

iPhone會(huì)自動(dòng)提醒您更新系統(tǒng)?；蛘?，您也可以通過(guò)“設(shè)置”-“通用”-“軟件更新”欄目查看自己正使用的版本。

It's more complicated with Android because updates need to go through various phone manufacturers and wireless carriers first. But do install updates when asked.

安卓系統(tǒng)的更新情況更為復(fù)雜，因?yàn)楦聰?shù)據(jù)需要通過(guò)多家手機(jī)制造商和無(wú)線運(yùn)營(yíng)商完成。即便如此，也請(qǐng)?jiān)谙到y(tǒng)要求時(shí)更新軟件。

This also applies to apps. Keep them updated to make sure bugs and flaws can't be exploited.

這一建議同樣適用于各種應(yīng)用。務(wù)必保持更新，以防錯(cuò)誤和漏洞被不法分子所利用。