埃博拉病毒橫行 年輕人更易生還

Who survives Ebola and why? Health workers treating patients in Sierra Leone, including some who died doing that work, have published the most detailed report yet on medical aspects of the epidemic. The research suggests young people are less likely to perish, fever is the most common symptom when victims first seek care, and early help is crucial。

誰(shuí)能在埃博拉中生還?又為何生還?塞阿里昂的醫(yī)療工作者，包括那些因埃博拉去世的，出版了有史以來(lái)最為詳細(xì)的埃博拉醫(yī)療報(bào)告。報(bào)告稱年輕人最易生還，發(fā)燒是感染首次治療最常見的癥狀，早期的治療至關(guān)重要。

In particular, it shows the advantage of youth — the fatality rate was only 57 percent for patients under 21, but a whopping 94 percent for those over 45.

報(bào)告特別強(qiáng)調(diào)了年輕人在戰(zhàn)勝埃博拉病毒的優(yōu)勢(shì)，21歲以下的年輕人的死亡率僅僅為57%，然而對(duì)于45歲以上的人群，死亡率卻達(dá)到驚人的94%。

Key findings:

報(bào)告的核心發(fā)現(xiàn)：

1、It can be hard even in an outbreak setting to tell who has Ebola. Of the 213 people initially tested for signs of a hemorrhagic fever, about half, or 106, turned out to have Ebola。

即使在疫情爆發(fā)地區(qū)也很難診斷埃博拉。在212名初始癥狀為出血熱的病人中，大約有一半，即106名被最終確定感染埃博拉病毒。

2、The estimated incubation period was 6 to 12 days, similar to what has been seen elsewhere in this outbreak。

埃博拉的潛伏期預(yù)計(jì)為6到12天，這與疫情爆發(fā)的其他地方的情況相似。

3、Fever was the most common symptom — 89 percent had it when diagnosed. Other symptoms were headache (80 percent)， weakness (66 percent)， dizziness (60 percent)， diarrhea (51 percent)， abdominal pain (40 percent)， and vomiting (34 percent). Only one patient had bleeding, one of the most gruesome symptoms, but researchers say other cases may have been missed through incomplete record-keeping. Patients with weakness, dizziness and diarrhea were more likely to die。

發(fā)熱是最常見的癥狀——89%的人在診斷的時(shí)候出現(xiàn)此癥狀。其他的癥狀包括頭痛(80%)、虛弱無(wú)力(66%)、頭昏(60%)、腹瀉(51%)、腹痛(40%)和嘔吐(34%)。只有一個(gè)患者出現(xiàn)了最為可怕的出血癥狀，但是研究者們稱由于記錄的不完整，其他案例可能被忽略了。有虛弱無(wú)力、頭暈和腹瀉癥狀的患者最有可能死亡。

4、Those with more virus in their blood when they sought medical care, indicating more advanced infections, were more likely to die than those who got help when their illness was less far along。

那些就醫(yī)時(shí)血液中有更多病毒的患者往往感染更為嚴(yán)重，他們的死亡率比那些病癥較輕的患者更高。