世界上至今未解的著名密碼
Codes have done everything from transmitting crucial information during World War II to keeping little brother from snooping in your diary. Here are some that have remained uncrackable.
密碼在二戰(zhàn)期間是交戰(zhàn)雙方慣用的軍事手段，使用密碼不僅可以傳遞重要信息，還可以防止身邊的人窺探你的日志。但仍有一些著名密碼至今仍未破解。
The Zodiac Killer's codes 十二宮殺手密碼
It's been 40 years since the serial killer terrorized the San Francisco Bay Area. The murderer sent letters to the newspapers and police, and four contained coded messages. Only one was cracked. Mental Floss notes that the 408-character code -- deciphered by Donald and Bettye Harden -- contained mistakes and spelling errors, possibly making the other three messages so difficult to untangle.
自連環(huán)殺手恐怖襲擊舊金山港灣區(qū)已經(jīng)過去了40年。殺手給當(dāng)?shù)貓蠹埡途於监]寄了信件，其中有4封信件都含有編碼信息。其中只有一封被成功破解。Mental Floss注解道，由著名密碼破譯專家Donald 和Bettye Harden破解的這408個字符中包含錯誤字符和拼寫錯誤字符，這使得其他三封編碼信件很難被破解。
But amateur cryptanalysts still try to break the codes: Last year Corey Starliper, a Zodiac-killer obsessive, said he figured out the toughest one, even though police and experts dismissed his claim. If you want a challenge, check out this Web tool that allows you to take a crack at the cipher yourself.
但是，非專業(yè)破譯專家仍在試圖破譯這些密碼：去年，一位名叫Corey Starliper十二宮殺手聲稱他解開了其中一個最難破譯的編碼信息，但是警察和專家并未予以理會。如果你想要挑戰(zhàn)，可以使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)工具進行嘗試。
Shugborough inscription Shugborough碑文
A simple sequence of letters is all it is: O U O S V A V V is carved between the letters D and M on the 18th-century Shepherd's Monument located at Shugborough Hall in Staffordshire, England. The monument was commissioned by Thomas and Admiral George Anson, and the letters have never been fully explained, therefore having the dubious honor of being one of the great unsolved cipher texts.
在英格蘭斯塔福德郡的Shugborough，有一座18世紀的牧羊人紀念碑。紀念碑上的碑文是一串被簡單排序的字母：O U O S V A V V，這些字母被刻在字母D和字母M之間。這座紀念碑由Thomas 和Admiral George Anson建造，而紀念碑上從未被解釋清楚的碑文也因此成為了世界上最難解的密碼之一。
Theories abound. The inscription has been thought to be a love letter to Anson's wife, an abbreviated Latin phrase, and even a link to the Priory of Sion -- a code that would lead to the Holy Grail. Dan Brown's novel, "The Da Vinci Code," had a similar idea, prompting new interest in the inscription. But so far, nobody has cracked it, not even Tom Hanks.
關(guān)于這一密碼，眾說紛紜。有人說上面的碑文是寫給Anson妻子的一封情書，那一串字母是一句用縮略語書寫的拉丁文，有人甚至說與錫安會有關(guān)——它是一串通向圣杯的密碼。Dan Brown的小說《達芬奇的密碼》中也提到了這串字母，重新激發(fā)了人們對這串碑文的興趣。但是，至今為止，沒有人能夠破解這串字母，甚至Tom Hanks也不例外。
Kryptos 克里普托斯代碼
In 1990, a sculpture was created for the CIA that incorporated four encoded messages as a challenge to the employees at the agency. While people at various organizations, including the CIA and NSA, have said they have solved three of them, the fourth remains the toughest to decipher, since it contains only 97 or 98 characters.
1990年，有人為CIA打造了一座包含四條編碼信息的雕像，以此來考驗CIA的特工們。雖然在各類機構(gòu)如中央情報局和國家安全局工作的人員說他們已經(jīng)破解了其中的三條，但是僅僅包含有97或98個字符的第四條信息卻成了世界上最難解的編碼之一。
Richard Feynman's challenge ciphers 理查德·費曼的挑戰(zhàn)密碼
In 1987 physics professor Richard Feynman received three encoded messages from a fellow scientist at Los Alamos, California, and shared them with his graduate students. Only one of the three has ever been solved. It turned out to be the opening lines of Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales" written in Middle English. The unsolved puzzles are posted here.
1987年，物理學(xué)家理查德·費曼收到了從加利福尼亞洛斯阿拉莫斯的一位科學(xué)家發(fā)來的三條編碼信息。其中只有一條信息被破解，這條信息原來是用中古英語書寫的喬叟著《坎特伯雷故事集》的開篇幾句。
【關(guān)鍵詞】
1.transmit [trænz'm?t]
· vt. 傳輸;傳播;發(fā)射;傳達;遺傳
· vi. 傳輸;發(fā)射信號
詞根：transmit
adj.
transmitted 透射的
transmitting 傳送中
transmissible 能傳送的;能透射的;可傳達的
n.
transmission 傳動裝置，[機] 變速器;傳遞;傳送;播送
transmitter [電訊] 發(fā)射機，[通信] 發(fā)報機;傳達人
transmittance [光] 透射比;透明度
transmittal 傳輸;傳送;被傳送
transmitting 傳送，傳遞
v.
transmitted 傳輸;傳送(transmit的過去分詞)
transmitting 傳遞，發(fā)射(transmite的現(xiàn)在分詞形式)
——短語
Transmit System發(fā)送系統(tǒng);傳輸功能
Transmit Timestamp傳輸時間戳;送時間戳
transmit transmit發(fā)射信號
transmit channel發(fā)送信道
transmit information 傳輸信息
——例句
· Anopheles mosquitos transmit malaria. 瘧蚊傳播瘧疾。
· Do not authorize it to any transmit queues. 不要將其授權(quán)給任何傳輸隊列。
2.crucial ['kru：?(?)l]
· adj. 重要的;決定性的;定局的;決斷的
[ 比較級more crucial 最高級most crucial ]
詞根：crucial
adv.
crucially 關(guān)鍵地;至關(guān)重要地
——短語
crucial year關(guān)鍵的一年
crucial infection交叉?zhèn)魅?/p>
crucial test惡劣條件試驗
crucial time關(guān)鍵時刻;關(guān)鍵時期
crucial period關(guān)鍵時期;關(guān)鍵期
——例句
· She broke into the conversation at a crucial moment. 她在關(guān)鍵時刻打斷了談話。
· We have found two issues of crucial importance: location and scale. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩個至關(guān)重要的問題：地點和規(guī)模。
3.snoop [snu：p]
· vi. 調(diào)查，窺探
· n. 私家偵探，到處窺視;愛管閑事的人
· vt. 窺察，窺探
詞根：snoop
adj.
snoopy 愛窺探的;愛管閑事的
n.
snooper 刺探者;愛管閑事者
——短語
Snoop Frogg嘻哈音樂
Snoop around到處打探
Snoop device監(jiān)看裝置
snoop on監(jiān)視某人
——例句
· This is because the network traversed may have more points, where an attacker can snoop traffic. 這是因為網(wǎng)絡(luò)可能會穿越更多的節(jié)點，黑客可以在這些節(jié)點上窺探傳輸。
4.terrorize ['ter?raiz]
· vt. 使…恐怖
· vi. 實施恐怖統(tǒng)治
詞根：terror
n.
terror 恐怖;恐怖行動;恐怖時期;可怕的人
terrorist 恐怖主義者，恐怖分子
terrorism 恐怖主義;恐怖行動;恐怖統(tǒng)治
terrorization 恐怖手段抑制
vt.
terrorise 恐嚇(等于terrorize)
——短語
Terrorize With Military Force威懾
——例句
· They wanted to terrorize us, but, as Americans, we refuse to live in fear. 他們想讓我們生活在恐怖之中，但作為美國人，我們拒絕恐懼。
5.untangle [?n'tæ?g(?)l]
· vt. 清理;整頓;解開…糾結(jié)
[ 過去式untangled 過去分詞untangled 現(xiàn)在分詞untangling ]
——短語
untangle a tricky knot解開一個魔術(shù)節(jié)
——例句
· Sometimes it is possible to untangle the chutes in the air, but not this time. 有時，也有可能在空中解開纏繞的降落傘，但這次沒有。
· The central question is – can we ever untangle those two soul mates: violence and prostitution? 核心問題是——我們有沒有可能拆開暴力和賣淫這天生的一對?
amateur ['æm?t?; -t??; -tj??; ]
. 愛好者;業(yè)余愛好者;外行
· adj. 業(yè)余的;外行的
詞根：amateur
adj.
amateurish 業(yè)余的;不熟練的;外行的
n.
amateurism 業(yè)余性;非職業(yè)的作為;業(yè)余特點;業(yè)余主義
——短語
amateur photographer業(yè)余攝影師;攝影愛好者
amateur player業(yè)余運動員;業(yè)余選手;業(yè)余球員
US Amateur美國業(yè)余賽;美國業(yè)馀錦標(biāo)賽
——例句
· He's no amateur in farming. 種莊稼他可不外行。
· Only the baby video seems to be an amateur one. 只有這個嬰兒的視頻似乎是一個業(yè)余的。
6.dismiss [d?s'm?s]
· vt. 解散;解雇;開除;讓...離開
· vi. 解散
詞根：dismiss
adj.
dismissive 表示輕視的;解雇的
dismissible 可解雇的
n.
dismissal 解雇;免職
dismission 解散;免職
——短語
Dismiss welfare辭退福利
dismiss sanction解職
dismiss rumours辟謠
dismiss from 解雇;開除
——例句
· He offered to dismiss me. 他威脅要解雇我。
· At first she threatened to dismiss me, but later she relented. 起初她威脅要解雇我, 但后來她態(tài)度軟化了。
· He added: "I come not to bury the rating services, but to dismiss them. 他還說：“我不是要埋葬這些評級機構(gòu)，而是要解散它們。
