雙語(yǔ)新聞：諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者來(lái)復(fù)旦大學(xué)演講

Bernard Lucas Feringa, the 2016 Nobel laureate in chemistry, presented his pioneering work constructing molecular machines that operate on tiny scales at a lecture at Fudan University on Friday, providing visions from the frontiers of nanoscience.
周五，2016 年諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)得主伯納德·盧卡斯·費(fèi)林加 (Bernard Lucas Feringa) 在復(fù)旦大學(xué)的一次演講中展示了他構(gòu)建在微小尺度上運(yùn)行的分子機(jī)器的開(kāi)創(chuàng)性工作，提供了納米科學(xué)前沿的愿景。

Titled "The Art of Building Small: From Molecular Switches to Molecular Motors", Feringa's talk delved into his team's designs and constructions of molecular-scale creations at the Shanghai Master Forum on Science.
Feringa 在上海科學(xué)大師論壇上發(fā)表了題為“小型建筑的藝術(shù)：從分子開(kāi)關(guān)到分子馬達(dá)”的演講，深入探討了他的團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)分子級(jí)創(chuàng)造物的設(shè)計(jì)和構(gòu)建。

At the core of Feringa's work lies the concept of molecular machines — devices assembled from different molecular components that can mimic machinery by moving in response to external stimuli. Among his key innovations are molecular switches that can toggle between two states, analogous to 0 and 1 in computing, enabling these state transitions at the nanometer scale.
Feringa 工作的核心是分子機(jī)器的概念——由不同分子組件組裝而成的設(shè)備，可以通過(guò)響應(yīng)外部刺激而移動(dòng)來(lái)模仿機(jī)器。 他的關(guān)鍵創(chuàng)新之一是分子開(kāi)關(guān)，可以在兩種狀態(tài)之間切換，類似于計(jì)算中的 0 和 1，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)納米級(jí)的狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換。

While this is a very fundamental area, Feringa described how nano-machines could one day transform the world. "I'm a scientist. I'm not so good at predicting," he said. "I would say the best way to predict the future is to invent it."
雖然這是一個(gè)非常基礎(chǔ)的領(lǐng)域，但費(fèi)林加描述了納米機(jī)器有一天將如何改變世界。 “我是一名科學(xué)家。我不太擅長(zhǎng)預(yù)測(cè)，”他說(shuō)。 “我想說(shuō)預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)的最好方法就是發(fā)明它。”

"We've made antibiotics that can be switched on and off relying on the light, and we can control to some extent the anti-cancer treatment. We can control the growth of bacteria and the antibiotic activity. The surgeon can irradiate the light, switch it on, and treat the disease," he said.
“我們已經(jīng)制造出了可以依靠光來(lái)打開(kāi)和關(guān)閉的抗生素，我們可以在一定程度上控制抗癌治療。我們可以控制細(xì)菌的生長(zhǎng)和抗生素的活性。外科醫(yī)生可以照射光， 打開(kāi)它，治療疾病，”他說(shuō)。

He also described a future where micro-robots, powered by molecular machines, could be injected into the body to navigate blood vessels and make repairs on diseased cells. These moving, molecular-scale machines, just like larger classical motors but tiny enough to enter the human body, could revolutionize medicine by targeting pharmaceuticals exactly where required, he explained.
他還描述了未來(lái)，由分子機(jī)器驅(qū)動(dòng)的微型機(jī)器人可以被注入體內(nèi)，以導(dǎo)航血管并修復(fù)患病細(xì)胞。 他解釋說(shuō)，這些移動(dòng)的分子級(jí)機(jī)器就像更大的經(jīng)典電機(jī)一樣，但又小到足以進(jìn)入人體，可以通過(guò)精確定位需要的藥物來(lái)徹底改變醫(yī)學(xué)。

Another major focus is molecular motors to re-create engines at the micro scale as key components of molecular machines. "Once we control motion at the molecular level, it enables control over all other forms of motion — opening vast possibilities for developing new futuristic materials," Feringa said.
另一個(gè)主要焦點(diǎn)是分子發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，以在微觀尺度上重建發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)作為分子機(jī)器的關(guān)鍵部件。 “一旦我們?cè)诜肿铀缴峡刂七\(yùn)動(dòng)，它就能夠控制所有其他形式的運(yùn)動(dòng)——為開(kāi)發(fā)新的未來(lái)材料開(kāi)辟了巨大的可能性，”費(fèi)林加說(shuō)。

The nano-cars developed by Feringa's team can already perform motions such as rotation and translation. And they now have motors that can rotate 10 million times per second. In the future, Feringa believes they will find substantive applications on an even grander scale.
Feringa團(tuán)隊(duì)開(kāi)發(fā)的納米汽車已經(jīng)可以執(zhí)行旋轉(zhuǎn)和平移等運(yùn)動(dòng)。 他們現(xiàn)在擁有每秒可以旋轉(zhuǎn) 1000 萬(wàn)次的電機(jī)。 費(fèi)林加相信，未來(lái)他們將找到更大規(guī)模的實(shí)質(zhì)性應(yīng)用。

The Shanghai Master Forum on Science, initiated by the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Shanghai Committee and hosted by the city's science and technology administrators and Fudan University, is expected to provide a platform for the world's leading scientists to share thoughts and promote Shanghai's development of sci-tech innovation center.
上海科學(xué)大師論壇由中國(guó)人民政治協(xié)商會(huì)議上海市委員會(huì)發(fā)起，上海市科技主管部門和復(fù)旦大學(xué)主辦，旨在為全球頂尖科學(xué)家提供一個(gè)交流思想的平臺(tái)，推動(dòng)上?？茖W(xué)發(fā)展。