2022年12月15日 VOA慢速英語：韓國農(nóng)村學(xué)校歡迎首爾學(xué)生

 

In the 1970s, more than 800 students filled the classrooms of Cheontae Elementary School in rural Hwasun County. The school is set among a group of small villages and rice farms in southwestern South Korea.
在 1970 年代，和順縣農(nóng)村的天泰小學(xué)的教室里擠滿了 800 多名學(xué)生。這所學(xué)校位于韓國西南部的一群小村莊和稻田之間。
 
By 2021, the school's population had dropped to just 24 students. Without intervention, local officials said, Cheontae Elementary could soon close.
到 2021 年，學(xué)校的學(xué)生人數(shù)下降到只有 24 名學(xué)生。當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T表示，如果不進(jìn)行干預(yù)，Cheontae 小學(xué)可能很快就會(huì)關(guān)閉。
 
The large decrease is the result of both South Korea's falling birth rate and fast urbanization that has sent huge numbers of young people to the city for better jobs.
大幅下降是韓國出生率下降和快速城市化的結(jié)果，這使得大量年輕人到城市尋找更好的工作。
 
The situation is the same for many schools across South Korea. Since 1982, more than 3,800 schools nationwide have shut down because of a lack of students. Most of the closures have happened in rural areas.
韓國很多學(xué)校的情況都是一樣的。自1982年以來，全國已有3800多所學(xué)校因生源不足而停課。大多數(shù)關(guān)閉發(fā)生在農(nóng)村地區(qū)。
 
In Dojang, a small village about a five-minute drive from Cheontae Elementary, locals understand that their community is on the edge of extinction.
在距離 Cheontae 小學(xué)約五分鐘車程的小村莊 Dojang，當(dāng)?shù)厝酥浪麄兊纳鐓^(qū)正處于滅絕的邊緣。
 
"People in their 60s and 70s are considered young here," said 82-year-old Moon Gyeongga. "There is not a single child in this village. Everyone with kids leaves for the city," Moon added.
“60 多歲和 70 多歲的人在這里被認(rèn)為是年輕人，”82 歲的 Moon Gyeongga 說。“這個(gè)村子里沒有一個(gè)孩子。每個(gè)有孩子的人都去城里了，”穆恩補(bǔ)充道。
 
If the community loses its school, there would be almost no hope of bringing in young families. That is why Cheontae Elementary recently began taking part in a program that brings students from the capital city of Seoul to study in the countryside.
如果社區(qū)失去學(xué)校，就幾乎沒有希望引進(jìn)年輕家庭。這就是為什么 Cheontae 小學(xué)最近開始參與一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃，讓首都首爾的學(xué)生到農(nóng)村學(xué)習(xí)。
 
 
Under the program, which started in March 2021, Seoul children study for at least six months in schools throughout the southwestern part of the country. The mostly rural area has been hit especially hard by South Korea's population crisis.
根據(jù)該計(jì)劃于 2021 年 3 月啟動(dòng)，首爾兒童將在該國西南部的學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)至少六個(gè)月。大部分農(nóng)村地區(qū)受到韓國人口危機(jī)的打擊尤其嚴(yán)重。
 
The exchange program is paid for by both Seoul and local government groups.
交換計(jì)劃由首爾和地方政府團(tuán)體支付。
 
What it looks like
它看起來像什么
 
So far, Cheontae Elementary has seen hopeful results. Since it began accepting Seoul students last spring, attendance has doubled to over 50.
到目前為止，Cheontae 小學(xué)已經(jīng)看到了充滿希望的結(jié)果。自去年春天開始接收首爾學(xué)生以來，出勤人數(shù)翻了一番，達(dá)到 50 多人。
 
Along with saving the school, the increased attendance has brought practical benefits for local students. Before the exchange program, it was difficult to find enough children to play team sports, like soccer or basketball, said sixth-grader Lim Sung-ju.
在挽救學(xué)校的同時(shí)，增加的出勤率也為當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)生帶來了實(shí)際利益。六年級(jí)學(xué)生 Lim Sung-ju 說，在交換計(jì)劃之前，很難找到足夠多的孩子來參加足球或籃球等團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)。
 
"I have more hobbies now, and I can experience more things. Basically, I just have more fun," Lim said.
“我現(xiàn)在有更多的愛好，我可以體驗(yàn)更多的東西?；旧?，我只是有更多的樂趣，”林說。
 
More students also mean the school receives more resources and employees – such as a vice principal who can work on lesson planning.
更多的學(xué)生也意味著學(xué)校獲得更多的資源和員工——比如可以負(fù)責(zé)課程計(jì)劃的副校長。
 
Seoul exchange students benefit, too. They are able to take a break from the overcrowded capital area. They can enjoy more outdoor activities, cleaner air, fewer crowds and a less competitive educational environment.
首爾交換生也從中受益。他們可以從擁擠的首都地區(qū)休息一下。他們可以享受更多的戶外活動(dòng)、更清新的空氣、更少的人群和競爭更小的教育環(huán)境。
 
"It's possible to educate the whole person here," said Kim Na-yoon, a Seoul local whose son is in the third grade at Cheontae Elementary.
“在這里可以對(duì)整個(gè)人進(jìn)行教育，”首爾本地人 Kim Na-yoon 說，他的兒子在 Cheontae 小學(xué)讀三年級(jí)。
 
The exchange students also report feeling less stress away from Seoul, said Hwasun County school chief Lee Hyeong-hui. "This is good for all of Korea in the long term," she said.
和順縣學(xué)校負(fù)責(zé)人李亨輝說，交換生還報(bào)告說，離開首爾后感到壓力更小。“從長遠(yuǎn)來看，這對(duì)整個(gè)韓國都有好處，”她說。
 
Not a perfect solution
不是一個(gè)完美的解決方案
 
However, many locals worry the program is only a partial fix. They note it does not deal with the main problem facing rural communities: a lack of income for locals.
然而，許多當(dāng)?shù)厝藫?dān)心該計(jì)劃只是部分解決方案。他們指出，它沒有解決農(nóng)村社區(qū)面臨的主要問題：當(dāng)?shù)厝巳狈κ杖搿?br />  
"The (local) population is still not growing," said Park Gong-ryeol, a 67-year-old who has lived in Hwasun County for 18 years.
“（當(dāng)?shù)兀┤丝谌匀粵]有增長，”在和順縣生活了 18 年的 67 歲老人樸功烈說。
 
Park supports the exchange program. He even helps run a housing center for exchange students and their parents. But he said the government should do more to increase the earnings of local farmers who have historically depended on small rice fields.
公園支持交流計(jì)劃。他甚至幫助經(jīng)營交換生及其父母的住房中心。但他表示，政府應(yīng)該采取更多措施來增加歷來依賴小稻田的當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民的收入。
 
Without that kind of intervention, hundreds of rural communities could soon disappear. A March study by the Korea Employment Information Service says 113 of South Korea's 228 cities, counties and districts are at risk of extinction.
如果沒有這種干預(yù)，數(shù)百個(gè)農(nóng)村社區(qū)可能很快就會(huì)消失。韓國就業(yè)信息服務(wù)中心 3 月份的一項(xiàng)研究表明，韓國 228 個(gè)城市、縣和地區(qū)中有 113 個(gè)面臨滅絕的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
 
Bigger plans
更大的計(jì)劃
 
Cho Hee-yeon leads the Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education. He is also the driving force behind the exchange program. He hopes this is just the beginning. He wants to one day attract enough students to expand the program to rural areas nationwide.
Cho Hee-yeon 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)首爾市教育廳。他也是交流計(jì)劃背后的推動(dòng)力。他希望這僅僅是個(gè)開始。他希望有朝一日能吸引足夠多的學(xué)生，將該項(xiàng)目推廣到全國農(nóng)村地區(qū)。
 
"We hope that by studying in rural areas, children will be able to escape the concrete jungle, experience living in nature, develop a second hometown, and grow in a healthier way," he said.
“我們希望通過到農(nóng)村求學(xué)，讓孩子們逃離鋼筋水泥叢林，體驗(yàn)親近自然的生活，建設(shè)第二故鄉(xiāng)，健康成長。”他說。
 
Cho considers the program to be part of a large plan for more balanced, sustainable development in the country.
Cho 認(rèn)為該計(jì)劃是該國更平衡、可持續(xù)發(fā)展的大型計(jì)劃的一部分。
 
"Korea is traditionally a rice-farming society, but unfortunately some kids these days think rice grows on trees," Cho said, laughing. "The goal is to make children remember rural areas even as adults."
“韓國傳統(tǒng)上是一個(gè)水稻種植社會(huì)，但不幸的是，現(xiàn)在有些孩子認(rèn)為水稻長在樹上，”Cho 笑著說。“我們的目標(biāo)是讓孩子們?cè)诔赡旰笠材苡涀∞r(nóng)村。”