2022年12月13日 VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：肯尼亞的馬賽人從獵殺獅子轉(zhuǎn)向奧運(yùn)會(huì)

 

The Maasai people are easily the most identifiable in Kenya with their very colorful clothing. They raise animals and live near some of Kenya's most visited wildlife parks. Their hunting has often been considered a threat to some wildlife populations.
馬賽人穿著五顏六色的衣服，很容易成為肯尼亞最容易辨認(rèn)的人。他們飼養(yǎng)動(dòng)物，住在肯尼亞一些游客最多的野生動(dòng)物園附近。他們的狩獵通常被認(rèn)為對(duì)某些野生動(dòng)物種群構(gòu)成威脅。
 
It is traditional for a young Maasai man, called a moran, to kill a lion with a spear to prove himself as a man. With the kill, a moran would earn a "lion name" and approval among young women.
年輕的馬賽人（稱為 moran）用長(zhǎng)矛殺死獅子以證明自己是一個(gè)男人是一種傳統(tǒng)。通過(guò)獵殺，莫蘭人將贏得“獅子名”和年輕女性的認(rèn)可。
 
But the Maasai appears to be ending the tradition of hunting lions with spears. Instead, young Maasai will compete in javelin throwing at an event called the Maasai Olympics.
但馬賽人似乎正在結(jié)束用長(zhǎng)矛獵殺獅子的傳統(tǒng)。相反，年輕的馬賽人將參加一項(xiàng)名為馬賽人奧運(yùn)會(huì)的標(biāo)槍比賽。
 
Mingati Samanya, at the age of 69, is one of the Maasai elders. During his youth, Samanya killed two lions to show he was a man. That is how he received the "lion name" Mingati in the Maa language.
69 歲的 Mingati Samanya 是馬賽族長(zhǎng)老之一。在他年輕的時(shí)候，Samanya 殺死了兩只獅子以表明他是一個(gè)男人。這就是他在馬阿語(yǔ)中獲得“獅子名”Mingati 的方式。
 
Samanya is now among the elders who are pushing young Maasai to do something different to prove themselves. That includes taking part in javelin throwing, jumping, and other activities during the community Olympics.
Samanya 現(xiàn)在是推動(dòng)年輕馬賽人做一些不同的事情來(lái)證明自己的長(zhǎng)者之一。這包括在社區(qū)奧運(yùn)會(huì)期間參加標(biāo)槍投擲、跳躍和其他活動(dòng)。
 
On Saturday, at the Kimana Sanctuary near Mount Kilimanjaro, young men and some women competed for medals and money.
周六，在乞力馬扎羅山附近的 Kimana 保護(hù)區(qū)，年輕男子和一些女子為獎(jiǎng)牌和金錢展開(kāi)了角逐。
 
"During our time, we killed lions and did not benefit with anything. Right now, when the morans throw a javelin and run, they get money," Samanya told The Associated Press. The money, he added, could help provide for their families.
Samanya 告訴美聯(lián)社：“在我們那個(gè)時(shí)代，我們殺死了獅子，但沒(méi)有從中獲益?，F(xiàn)在，當(dāng)莫蘭人投擲標(biāo)槍并逃跑時(shí)，他們就能得到錢。”他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，這筆錢可以幫助養(yǎng)家糊口。
 
Vivian Nganini attended the Maasai Olympics while wearing a traditional wedding dress. She said girls of today prefer the modern moran.
薇薇安·恩加尼尼 (Vivian Nganini) 穿著傳統(tǒng)婚紗參加了馬賽奧運(yùn)會(huì)。她說(shuō)，現(xiàn)在的女孩更喜歡現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格的莫蘭。
 
"At least when they run, they can win some money and be able to take care of their wives and children," said the 22-year-old.
“至少當(dāng)她們跑步時(shí)，她們可以贏得一些錢，并且能夠照顧他們的妻子和孩子，”這位 22 歲的女孩說(shuō).
 
The Maasai Olympics also are part of wider environmental protection efforts.
馬賽奧運(yùn)會(huì)也是更廣泛的環(huán)境保護(hù)工作的一部分。
 
"The cultural side of warriors wanting to kill lions … is solved by this event," said Craig Millar. He is with the Big Life Foundation, an environmental organization.
“勇士想要?dú)⑺廓{子的文化方面......通過(guò)這次活動(dòng)得到了解決，”克雷格米勒說(shuō)。他在環(huán)保組織 Big Life Foundation 工作。
 
The lion population in parts of the Kimana Sanctuary has increased 10 times over the last 20 years, Millar said. He credited various measures like anti-poaching laws and payment programs to ease the loss of Maasai-owned farm animals to predators like lions.
Millar 說(shuō)，在過(guò)去 20 年里，Kimana 保護(hù)區(qū)部分地區(qū)的獅子數(shù)量增加了 10 倍。他將反偷獵法和支付計(jì)劃等各種措施歸功于減少馬賽人擁有的農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物被獅子等掠食者奪走的情況。
 
But other dangers remain for wildlife. Parts of Kenya and East Africa have experienced four straight seasons with little rainfall. Hundreds of elephants, wildebeests, zebras and other animals have died, said a recent report by wildlife officials.
但野生動(dòng)物仍然面臨其他危險(xiǎn)。肯尼亞和東非的部分地區(qū)經(jīng)歷了連續(xù)四個(gè)降雨量很少的季節(jié)。野生動(dòng)物官員最近的一份報(bào)告稱，已有數(shù)百頭大象、牛羚、斑馬和其他動(dòng)物死亡。
 
During such long dry periods, the risk of human-wildlife conflict increases. But communities living near parks are pushed to protect and exist with wild animals.
在如此漫長(zhǎng)的干旱時(shí)期，人類與野生動(dòng)物發(fā)生沖突的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)會(huì)增加。但住在公園附近的社區(qū)被迫保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物并與它們共存。
 

Baba Sito is an elder who lives near the Kimana Sanctuary. "We now understand the benefits of wildlife to the country's economy and direct benefits to us, the Maasai, who live near the parks," he said.

Baba Sito 是一位住在基馬納保護(hù)區(qū)附近的老人。 “我們現(xiàn)在了解野生動(dòng)物對(duì)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)的好處，以及對(duì)我們這些住在公園附近的馬賽人的直接好處，”他說(shuō)。