2022年12月07日 VOA慢速英語：塔利班允許女孩參加高中畢業(yè)考試

 

Afghanistan's Taliban-led government says it will permit girls to take their high school graduation exams this week.
阿富汗塔利班領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的政府表示，本周將允許女孩參加高中畢業(yè)考試。
 
The move came although the Taliban earlier banned girls from attending middle and high school.
盡管塔利班早些時(shí)候禁止女孩上初中和高中，但此舉還是來了。
 
The Associated Press reported the decision was communicated in documents written by Afghanistan's Ministry of Education.
美聯(lián)社報(bào)道說，這一決定是在阿富汗教育部編寫的文件中傳達(dá)的。
 
Two documents seen by the AP suggested the exams would be given in 31 of the country's 34 provinces, where the winter school break starts in late December. The three excluded provinces – Kandahar, Helmand and Nimroz – have a different plan for the school year and graduation exams there usually take place later.
美聯(lián)社看到的兩份文件表明，考試將在全國(guó) 34 個(gè)省份中的 31 個(gè)進(jìn)行，冬季學(xué)校假期從 12 月下旬開始。三個(gè)被排除在外的省份——坎大哈、赫爾曼德和尼姆魯茲——對(duì)學(xué)年有不同的計(jì)劃，畢業(yè)考試通常會(huì)推遲。
 
Ehsanullah Kitab is head of the education department in the capital, Kabul. He told the AP the exams would take place on Wednesday. But he provided no additional details and it was not clear how many teenage girls would be able to take the exam.
Ehsanullah Kitab 是首都喀布爾教育部門的負(fù)責(zé)人。他告訴美聯(lián)社，考試將在周三舉行。但他沒有提供更多細(xì)節(jié)，也不清楚有多少少女能夠參加考試。
 
One document, from Kabul's education department, said the exams would last from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m.
來自喀布爾教育部門的一份文件稱，考試將從上午 10 點(diǎn)持續(xù)到下午 1 點(diǎn)。
 
One 18-year-old girl criticized the Taliban's offering. The girl, who only identified her first name, Najela, told the AP she would now be in 12th grade and eligible for the exam. But, she said she had spent the whole year out of school facing "tension and stress."
一名 18 歲的女孩批評(píng)了塔利班的提議。這名女孩只透露了她的名字 Najela，她告訴美聯(lián)社，她現(xiàn)在上 12 年級(jí)，有資格參加考試。但是，她說她在校外度過了整整一年，都面臨著“緊張和壓力”。
 
"How can we possibly take an exam after a year and a half that the Taliban have kept school doors closed," she added.
“在塔利班關(guān)閉學(xué)校大門一年半之后，我們?cè)趺纯赡軈⒓涌荚嚹兀?”她補(bǔ)充道。
 
The Taliban took over Afghanistan in August 2021 as American and NATO forces were in the final weeks of their pullout from the country after 20 years of war. At first, Taliban leaders promised a moderate form of government rule and to respect women's and minority rights. But since taking over the country, the Taliban has widely restricted rights and freedoms and put in place their extreme version of Islamic law, known as Sharia law.
塔利班于 2021 年 8 月接管了阿富汗，當(dāng)時(shí)美國(guó)和北約部隊(duì)在經(jīng)歷了 20 年的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)后正處于從該國(guó)撤軍的最后幾周。起初，塔利班領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人承諾實(shí)行溫和形式的政府統(tǒng)治，并尊重婦女和少數(shù)民族的權(quán)利。但自從接管該國(guó)以來，塔利班廣泛限制了權(quán)利和自由，并實(shí)施了極端版本的伊斯蘭教法，即伊斯蘭教法。
 
The Taliban has banned girls from middle school and high school and restricted women from most employment. It has also ordered women to wear clothing that fully covers their bodies in public. Women have also been banned from parks, exercise places called gyms, and some public events.
塔利班禁止女孩進(jìn)入初中和高中，并限制婦女從事大部分工作。它還命令婦女在公共場(chǎng)合穿著完全遮蓋身體的衣服。女性也被禁止進(jìn)入公園、稱為健身房的運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)所和一些公共活動(dòng)。
 
However, women have not been restricted from attending universities. The latest decision is believed to be a way for Afghan girls, who receive a high school diploma after Wednesday's exam, to be able to register to attend universities.
然而，女性上大學(xué)并沒有受到限制。據(jù)信，最新決定是阿富汗女孩在周三考試后獲得高中文憑的一種方式，可以注冊(cè)上大學(xué)。
 
A Kabul high school official told the AP she was informed that 12th grade girls will have just one day to take exams in 14 subjects, with 10 questions from each subject. The official did not provide her name because of a fear of possible government reprisals.
一名喀布爾高中官員告訴美聯(lián)社，她是通知說，12 年級(jí)的女生將只有一天的時(shí)間參加 14 個(gè)科目的考試，每個(gè)科目有 10 個(gè)問題。由于擔(dān)心可能遭到政府報(bào)復(fù)，該官員沒有透露她的姓名。
 
She said most girl students lacked textbooks. "Giving an exam is meaningless," she added.
她說大多數(shù)女學(xué)生都缺少教科書。她補(bǔ)充說：“參加考試毫無意義。”

Students and their female teachers will all have to wear the hijab, the traditional Islamic head covering, under existing Taliban rules for women. Smartphones will be banned during the exam. Girls who cannot attend or who fail Wednesday's exam would be permitted to retake it in mid-March, after the winter break.
根據(jù)塔利班現(xiàn)行的女性規(guī)定，學(xué)生和她們的女老師都必須戴頭巾，這是一種傳統(tǒng)的伊斯蘭頭巾?？荚嚻陂g將禁止使用智能手機(jī)。不能參加或未能通過周三考試的女孩將被允許在寒假后的 3 月中旬重新參加考試。
 
The Taliban treatment of women and girls in Afghanistan has come under heavy criticism. Earlier this month, a team of United Nations experts said it may amount to a crime against humanity. The U.N. has called for the issue to be investigated and prosecuted under international law.
塔利班對(duì)待阿富汗婦女和女童的方式受到了嚴(yán)厲批評(píng)。本月早些時(shí)候，一組聯(lián)合國(guó)專家表示，這可能構(gòu)成危害人類罪。聯(lián)合國(guó)呼吁根據(jù)國(guó)際法調(diào)查和起訴這個(gè)問題。