2022年12月05日 VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：科學(xué)家使用量子計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行傳送實(shí)驗(yàn)

 

Scientists say they have successfully used a quantum computer to "teleport" messages between two simulated black holes.
科學(xué)家們表示，他們已經(jīng)成功地使用量子計(jì)算機(jī)在兩個(gè)模擬黑洞之間“傳送”信息。
 
Quantum computing uses elements of quantum physics to complete operations too complex for traditional computers. Quantum physics is the study of matter and energy at the level of atoms, or smaller.
量子計(jì)算使用量子物理學(xué)的元素完成對(duì)傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)而言過(guò)于復(fù)雜的操作。量子物理學(xué)是對(duì)原子或更小層次的物質(zhì)和能量的研究。
 
Researchers recently announced they created two small simulated black holes in a quantum computer and sent an informational message between them.
研究人員最近宣布，他們?cè)诹孔佑?jì)算機(jī)中創(chuàng)建了兩個(gè)小型模擬黑洞，并在它們之間發(fā)送了信息消息。
 
The team said the experiment created a simulated "wormhole." A wormhole is a hypothetical structure of space-time imagined as a passage that connects points separated in space and time.
該團(tuán)隊(duì)表示，該實(shí)驗(yàn)創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)模擬的“蟲(chóng)洞”。蟲(chóng)洞是一種假想的時(shí)空結(jié)構(gòu)，被想象成連接時(shí)空分離點(diǎn)的通道。
 
A wormhole is considered a bridge between two faraway areas in the universe. Scientists describe them as Einstein–Rosen bridges. The two physicists who described them were Albert Einstein and Nathan Rosen. Wormholes fit Einstein's theory of general relativity, which centers on gravity, one of the basic forces in the universe.
蟲(chóng)洞被認(rèn)為是宇宙中兩個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)區(qū)域之間的橋梁。科學(xué)家將它們描述為愛(ài)因斯坦-羅森橋。描述它們的兩位物理學(xué)家是阿爾伯特·愛(ài)因斯坦和內(nèi)森·羅森。蟲(chóng)洞符合愛(ài)因斯坦的廣義相對(duì)論，該理論以引力為中心，引力是宇宙中的基本力之一。
 
The researchers recently reported results of their experiment in a study in the publication Nature.
研究人員最近在《自然》雜志的一項(xiàng)研究中報(bào)告了他們的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果。
 
Maria Spiropulu is a physics professor at the California Institute of Technology. She helped lead the study. She described what the team created as a "baby wormhole."
Maria Spiropulu 是加州理工學(xué)院的物理學(xué)教授。她幫助領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了這項(xiàng)研究。她將團(tuán)隊(duì)創(chuàng)建的東西描述為“嬰兒蟲(chóng)洞”。
 
Spiropulu said in a statement, "We found a quantum system that exhibits key properties of a gravitational wormhole yet is sufficiently small to implement on today's quantum hardware."
Spiropulu 在一份聲明中說(shuō)，“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)量子系統(tǒng)，它展示了引力蟲(chóng)洞的關(guān)鍵特性，但足夠小，可以在當(dāng)今的量子計(jì)算機(jī)上實(shí)現(xiàn)硬件。”
 
She added that even though the experiment was a success, scientists are still a long way from being able to send people or other living things through such a wormhole.
她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，盡管實(shí)驗(yàn)取得了成功，但科學(xué)家們距離能夠?qū)⑷嘶蚱渌锼统鲞@樣的蟲(chóng)洞還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。
 
"Experimentally, for me, I will tell you that it's very, very far away," Spiropulu told reporters. "People come to me and they ask me, 'Can you put your dog in the wormhole?'
“通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)，對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，我會(huì)告訴你它非常非常遠(yuǎn)，”斯皮羅普魯告訴記者。 “人們來(lái)找我，他們問(wèn)我，‘你能把你的狗放進(jìn)蟲(chóng)洞嗎？’
 
"So, no," she added, "That's a huge leap."
“所以，不，”她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，“這是一個(gè)巨大的飛躍。”
 
Joseph Lykken is a physicist at Fermilab, a U.S. government physics laboratory. He was a co-writer of the study. He explained that "there's a difference between something being possible in principle and possible in reality."
< br/>Joseph Lykken 是美國(guó)政府物理實(shí)驗(yàn)室費(fèi)米實(shí)驗(yàn)室的物理學(xué)家。他是該研究的合著者。他解釋說(shuō)“原則上可能的事情與現(xiàn)實(shí)中可能的事情是有區(qū)別的。”
 
But Lykken added: "You have to start somewhere. And I think to me it's just exciting that we're able to get our hands on this at all."
但 Lykken 補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“你必須從某個(gè)地方開(kāi)始。我認(rèn)為對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，我們能夠親手解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題真是令人興奮。”
 
The researchers observed the simulated wormhole on a quantum device at Alphabet-owned Google.
研究人員觀察了一個(gè)模擬蟲(chóng)洞Alphabet 旗下谷歌的量子設(shè)備。
 
The researchers noted that no actual wormhole was created. They said an actual wormhole would have resulted in "a rupture of space and time." However, they said a simulated wormhole did appear to be created, based on quantum information teleported using the Google computer.
研究人員指出，并沒(méi)有創(chuàng)造出真正的蟲(chóng)洞。他們說(shuō)，一個(gè)真正的蟲(chóng)洞會(huì)導(dǎo)致“空間和時(shí)間的破裂”。然而，他們表示，根據(jù)使用谷歌計(jì)算機(jī)傳送的量子信息，似乎確實(shí)創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)模擬蟲(chóng)洞。
 
"These ideas have been around for a long time and they're very powerful ideas," Lykken said. "But in the end, we're in experimental science, and we've been struggling now for a very long time to find a way to explore these ideas in the laboratory," he added.
“這些想法已經(jīng)存在很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了，它們是非常強(qiáng)大的想法，”Lykken 說(shuō)。 “但歸根結(jié)底，我們從事的是實(shí)驗(yàn)科學(xué)，很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間以來(lái)，我們一直在努力尋找在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中探索這些想法的方法，”他補(bǔ)充道。