2022年12月05日 VOA慢速英語：科學(xué)家使用量子計算機進(jìn)行傳送實驗

 

Scientists say they have successfully used a quantum computer to "teleport" messages between two simulated black holes.
科學(xué)家們表示，他們已經(jīng)成功地使用量子計算機在兩個模擬黑洞之間“傳送”信息。
 
Quantum computing uses elements of quantum physics to complete operations too complex for traditional computers. Quantum physics is the study of matter and energy at the level of atoms, or smaller.
量子計算使用量子物理學(xué)的元素完成對傳統(tǒng)計算機而言過于復(fù)雜的操作。量子物理學(xué)是對原子或更小層次的物質(zhì)和能量的研究。
 
Researchers recently announced they created two small simulated black holes in a quantum computer and sent an informational message between them.
研究人員最近宣布，他們在量子計算機中創(chuàng)建了兩個小型模擬黑洞，并在它們之間發(fā)送了信息消息。
 
The team said the experiment created a simulated "wormhole." A wormhole is a hypothetical structure of space-time imagined as a passage that connects points separated in space and time.
該團(tuán)隊表示，該實驗創(chuàng)建了一個模擬的“蟲洞”。蟲洞是一種假想的時空結(jié)構(gòu)，被想象成連接時空分離點的通道。
 
A wormhole is considered a bridge between two faraway areas in the universe. Scientists describe them as Einstein–Rosen bridges. The two physicists who described them were Albert Einstein and Nathan Rosen. Wormholes fit Einstein's theory of general relativity, which centers on gravity, one of the basic forces in the universe.
蟲洞被認(rèn)為是宇宙中兩個遙遠(yuǎn)區(qū)域之間的橋梁?？茖W(xué)家將它們描述為愛因斯坦-羅森橋。描述它們的兩位物理學(xué)家是阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦和內(nèi)森·羅森。蟲洞符合愛因斯坦的廣義相對論，該理論以引力為中心，引力是宇宙中的基本力之一。
 
The researchers recently reported results of their experiment in a study in the publication Nature.
研究人員最近在《自然》雜志的一項研究中報告了他們的實驗結(jié)果。
 
Maria Spiropulu is a physics professor at the California Institute of Technology. She helped lead the study. She described what the team created as a "baby wormhole."
Maria Spiropulu 是加州理工學(xué)院的物理學(xué)教授。她幫助領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了這項研究。她將團(tuán)隊創(chuàng)建的東西描述為“嬰兒蟲洞”。
 
Spiropulu said in a statement, "We found a quantum system that exhibits key properties of a gravitational wormhole yet is sufficiently small to implement on today's quantum hardware."
Spiropulu 在一份聲明中說，“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個量子系統(tǒng)，它展示了引力蟲洞的關(guān)鍵特性，但足夠小，可以在當(dāng)今的量子計算機上實現(xiàn)硬件。”
 
She added that even though the experiment was a success, scientists are still a long way from being able to send people or other living things through such a wormhole.
她補充說，盡管實驗取得了成功，但科學(xué)家們距離能夠?qū)⑷嘶蚱渌锼统鲞@樣的蟲洞還有很長的路要走。
 
"Experimentally, for me, I will tell you that it's very, very far away," Spiropulu told reporters. "People come to me and they ask me, 'Can you put your dog in the wormhole?'
“通過實驗，對我來說，我會告訴你它非常非常遠(yuǎn)，”斯皮羅普魯告訴記者。 “人們來找我，他們問我，‘你能把你的狗放進(jìn)蟲洞嗎？’
 
"So, no," she added, "That's a huge leap."
“所以，不，”她補充說，“這是一個巨大的飛躍。”
 
Joseph Lykken is a physicist at Fermilab, a U.S. government physics laboratory. He was a co-writer of the study. He explained that "there's a difference between something being possible in principle and possible in reality."
< br/>Joseph Lykken 是美國政府物理實驗室費米實驗室的物理學(xué)家。他是該研究的合著者。他解釋說“原則上可能的事情與現(xiàn)實中可能的事情是有區(qū)別的。”
 
But Lykken added: "You have to start somewhere. And I think to me it's just exciting that we're able to get our hands on this at all."
但 Lykken 補充說：“你必須從某個地方開始。我認(rèn)為對我來說，我們能夠親手解決這個問題真是令人興奮。”
 
The researchers observed the simulated wormhole on a quantum device at Alphabet-owned Google.
研究人員觀察了一個模擬蟲洞Alphabet 旗下谷歌的量子設(shè)備。
 
The researchers noted that no actual wormhole was created. They said an actual wormhole would have resulted in "a rupture of space and time." However, they said a simulated wormhole did appear to be created, based on quantum information teleported using the Google computer.
研究人員指出，并沒有創(chuàng)造出真正的蟲洞。他們說，一個真正的蟲洞會導(dǎo)致“空間和時間的破裂”。然而，他們表示，根據(jù)使用谷歌計算機傳送的量子信息，似乎確實創(chuàng)建了一個模擬蟲洞。
 
"These ideas have been around for a long time and they're very powerful ideas," Lykken said. "But in the end, we're in experimental science, and we've been struggling now for a very long time to find a way to explore these ideas in the laboratory," he added.
“這些想法已經(jīng)存在很長時間了，它們是非常強大的想法，”Lykken 說。 “但歸根結(jié)底，我們從事的是實驗科學(xué)，很長一段時間以來，我們一直在努力尋找在實驗室中探索這些想法的方法，”他補充道。