2022年11月17日 VOA慢速英語：美國宇航局向月球發(fā)射新阿耳emi彌斯火箭,

NASA's new moon rocket flew into space for the first time early Wednesday morning. The Space Launch System, or SLS, rocket is the most powerful ever built.
周三清晨，美國宇航局的新月火箭首次飛入太空。太空發(fā)射系統或 SLS 火箭是有史以來最強大的火箭。
 
The 98-meter-tall rocket lifted off with 4 million kilograms of force and reached 160 kilometers per hour within seconds. The rocket's sound shook nearby buildings at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. About 15,000 people watched and cheered as the rocket lit up the night sky.
98 米高的火箭以 400 萬公斤的力量升空，并在幾秒鐘內達到了 160 公里的時速。火箭的聲音震動了佛羅里達州肯尼迪航天中心附近的建筑物。當火箭照亮夜空時，大約有 15,000 人觀看并歡呼。
 
No astronauts were on board the first mission of NASA's Artemis program. Artemis aims to return humans to the moon a little more than 50 years after the Apollo moon landings. Twelve astronauts walked on the moon on six Apollo missions from 1969 to 1972.
沒有宇航員登上美國宇航局阿爾忒彌斯計劃的第一次任務。Artemis 的目標是在阿波羅登月 50 多年后讓人類重返月球。從 1969 年到 1972 年，有 12 名宇航員在六次阿波羅任務中登上月球。
 
 
"For the Artemis generation, this is for you," launch director Charlie Blackwell-Thompson called out, referring to all those born after Apollo. She later told her team: "You have earned your place in history."
“對于阿耳emi彌斯一代，這是給你們的，”發(fā)射主管查理·布萊克威爾-湯普森喊道，他指 的是所有在阿波羅之后出生的人。她后來告訴她的團隊：“你們已經在歷史上贏得了一席之地。”
 
The Artemis 1 mission is set to last 25 days with three test mannequins in the Orion spacecraft. NASA has put sensors on them to measure the effects on human bodies.
Artemis 1 任務將持續(xù) 25 天，在獵戶座飛船中使用三個測試人體模型。美國國家航空航天局在它們身上安裝了傳感器，以測量對人體的影響。
 
Orion should reach the moon by Monday, more than 370,000 kilometers from Earth. Orion will come within 130 kilometers of the moon before going into an orbit about 64,000 kilometers farther out. This is much farther from the moon's surface than the orbits used in the Apollo missions.
獵戶座應該在周一到達月球，距離地球 370,000 多公里。獵戶座將進入距月球 130 公里的范圍內，然后進入距月球約 64,000 公里的軌道。這比阿波羅任務中使用的軌道離月球表面要遠得多。
 
The spacecraft also is set to release 10 small science satellites. One satellite is designed to map pieces of ice on the moon's south pole, where Artemis hopes to land astronauts.
該航天器還將發(fā)射 10 顆小型科學衛(wèi)星。一顆衛(wèi)星被設計用來繪制月球南極的冰塊，阿爾忒彌斯希望宇航員在那里著陸。
 
NASA is aiming to send astronauts around the moon on the next mission in 2024. And the space agency hopes to land humans there as early as 2025 using a lunar lander under development from SpaceX.
NASA 的目標是在 2024 年的下一次任務中派遣宇航員繞月飛行。該航天局希望最早在 2025 年使用 SpaceX 正在開發(fā)的月球著陸器將人類送上月球。
 
One top aim of the Artemis 1 mission is to test the heat shield of Orion. The spacecraft will re-enter the Earth's atmosphere at 39,400 kilometers per hour before splashing down in the Pacific.
Artemis 1 任務的首要目標之一是測試獵戶座的隔熱罩。該航天器將以每小時 39,400 公里的速度重新進入地球大氣層，然后墜入太平洋。
 
"There's definitely relief that we're underway," mission controller Mike Sarafin told reporters. But he added: "I personally am not going to rest well until we get safely to splashdown and recovery."
任務控制員 Mike Sarafin 告訴記者：“我們正在進行中，這絕對讓人松了一口氣。” 但他補充說：“在我們安全降落并恢復之前，我個人不會好好休息。
 
NASA has said it plans to have a woman and a person of color be among the first astronauts to land on the moon in future Artemis missions. NASA is waiting until this mission is over before introducing the astronauts who will be on the next one and those who will follow in the steps of Apollo 11′s Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin. They were the first men to walk on the moon, in July of 1969.
美國宇航局表示，計劃讓一名女性和一名有色人種成為未來阿爾忒彌斯任務中首批登陸月球的宇航員。NASA 正在等待這項任務結束，然后再介紹將要執(zhí)行下一次任務的宇航員以及將跟隨阿波羅 11 號的尼爾·阿姆斯特朗和巴茲·奧爾德林的腳步的宇航員。1969 年 7 月，他們是第一批登上月球的人。
 
The Artemis program costs NASA at least $37 billion. And some groups who watch government spending estimate the costs could reach $93 billion by 2025.
Artemis 計劃花費 NASA 至少 370 億美元。一些關注政府支出的團體估計，到 2025 年，成本可能達到 930 億美元。
 
The program has faced many delays and costs more than planned. The SLS rocket was supposed to have made its first test launch by 2017. Test launches in August and September were cut short. Then, a strong storm and technical problems further delayed the launch by 10 weeks.
該計劃面臨許多延誤，成本超出計劃。SLS 火箭本應在 2017 年進行首次試射。8 月和 9 月的試射被縮短。隨后，一場強風暴和技術問題將發(fā)射進一步推遲了 10 周。
 
 
NASA hopes to establish a base on the moon and send astronauts to Mars by the late 2030s or early 2040s.
美國宇航局希望在?? 2030 年代末或 2040 年代初之前在月球上建立基地并將宇航員送往火星。