VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：波蘭研究所稱貓是“外來(lái)入侵物種”

A respected Polish scientific institute has classified common house cats as "invasive alien species." The institute did this because of the damage cats cause to birds and other wildlife.
一家受人尊敬的波蘭科學(xué)研究所將普通家貓歸類為“外來(lái)入侵物種”。理由是因?yàn)樨垖?duì)鳥類和其他野生動(dòng)物造成的損害。
 
Some cat lovers have reacted emotionally to the decision. The strong reactions have put the main scientist behind the decision on the defensive.
一些愛貓人士對(duì)這個(gè)決定做出了情緒化的反應(yīng)。強(qiáng)烈的反應(yīng)使主要科學(xué)家采取了防御性決定。
 
Wojciech Solarz is a biologist at the state-run Polish Academy of Sciences. The academy's Institute of Nature Conservation runs a database of invasive alien species.
沃伊切赫·索拉茲是波蘭國(guó)立科學(xué)院自然保護(hù)研究所的生物學(xué)家。該學(xué)院的自然保護(hù)研究所運(yùn)營(yíng)著一個(gè)外來(lái)入侵物種數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。
 
He said he was surprised by the public reaction following the addition of Felis catus in the database. Felis catus is the scientific name for the common house cat.
他說(shuō)他對(duì)在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中添加 Felis catus 后公眾的反應(yīng)感到驚訝。Felis catus 是普通家貓的學(xué)名。
 
The database already had 1,786 other species listed with no objections, Solarz told The Associated Press on Tuesday.
索拉茲周二告訴美聯(lián)社，該數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)已經(jīng)有1786個(gè)其他物種，沒(méi)有反對(duì)意見。
 
The public anger, he said, may have come from the media. Some media reports may have misinformed people that the institute is calling for wild and domestic cats to be killed.
他說(shuō)，公眾的憤怒可能源于一些媒體錯(cuò)誤報(bào)道，如該研究所正在呼吁殺死野貓和家貓。
 
Solarz described the growing scientific belief that domestic cats harm biodiversity. This is because of the number of birds and mammals that cats hunt and kill.
據(jù)索拉茲描述，在科學(xué)角度，因?yàn)榧邑埆C殺的鳥類和哺乳動(dòng)物數(shù)量眾多，所以家貓會(huì)損害生物多樣性。
 
The criteria for including the cat among alien invasive species, "are 100% met by the cat," he said.
他說(shuō)，在外來(lái)入侵物種的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上“貓100%滿足”。
 
On a recent television show aired by independent broadcaster TVN, Solarz debated a veterinarian on the issue. The veterinarian, or animal doctor, was Dorota Suminska. She is the writer of a book called The Happy Cat.
在最近由獨(dú)立廣播公司TVN播出的電視節(jié)目中，索拉茲就這個(gè)問(wèn)題與一位獸醫(yī)多羅塔·蘇明斯卡進(jìn)行了辯論。她是《快樂(lè)的貓咪》一書的作者。
 
She challenged Solarz's belief that cats are dangerous to wildlife. She pointed to other causes of decreasing biodiversity. These causes include a polluted environment and city buildings that can kill birds in flight.
她對(duì)索拉茲認(rèn)為貓對(duì)野生動(dòng)物很危險(xiǎn)的觀點(diǎn)表示質(zhì)疑。并指出了影響生物多樣性的其他原因，包括環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題和城市建筑外墻導(dǎo)致的鳥類死亡。
 
"Ask if man is on the list of non-invasive alien species," Suminska said. She argued that cats were being unfairly blamed.
“請(qǐng)問(wèn)人類是否在非侵入性外來(lái)物種名單上。”蘇明斯卡說(shuō)。她認(rèn)為貓受到了不公平的指責(zé)。
 
Solarz argued that cats kill about 140 million birds in Poland each year.
索拉茲則反駁說(shuō)，貓每年在波蘭殺死大約1.4億只鳥。
 
The Polish Academy institute published a post on its website seeking to clear up its position on the issue. The institute said it was "opposed to any cruelty towards animals." It also argued that its classification was in line with European Union guidelines.
波蘭科學(xué)院研究所在網(wǎng)站上發(fā)表了一篇文章，試圖澄清其在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上的立場(chǎng)。該研究所表示，它“反對(duì)任何虐待動(dòng)物的行為”。它還辯稱其分類符合歐盟的指導(dǎo)方針。
 
As far as categorizing cats as "alien," the institute noted that Felis catus was domesticated around 10,000 years ago by ancient civilizations in the Middle East. That means that cats are not native to Europe from a scientific point of view.
至于將貓歸類為“外來(lái)物種”，該研究所指出，貓貓是在大約一萬(wàn)年前被中東古代文明馴化的。從科學(xué)的角度來(lái)看，貓并非原產(chǎn)于歐洲。
 
The institute also suggested that cat owners should limit the time their pets spend outdoors during bird mating season.
該研究所還強(qiáng)調(diào)，他們只是建議貓主人在鳥類繁殖季節(jié)限制寵物在戶外的時(shí)間，僅此而已。
 
I'm Anna Matteo.
安娜·馬特奧報(bào)道。