卡塔爾2022年將成為史上最具爭議的世界杯？

Ignoring the question of how and when to organize for the moment, the privacy of visitors at the World Cup is a topic of recent discussion.
暫時忽略了如何以及何時組織的問題，參觀者在參加世界杯時的隱私是最近討論的話題。
 
Those traveling to Qatar for the FIFA World Cup must download and install two mobile apps, Ehteraz and Hayya. Both apps are available on the Apple App Store and Google Play Store.
那些前往卡塔爾參加 FIFA 世界杯的人必須下載并安裝兩個移動應用程序，Ehteraz 和 Hayya。這兩款應用都可以在 Apple App Store 和 Google Play Store 上找到。
 
Ehteraz is the must-have Covid-19 tracking app for everyone over the age of 18. At the same time, Hayya allows tourists to follow the schedule of football matches and use Qatar's subway transportation system for free. While they seem like useful tools, these two apps pose a number of privacy risks.
Ehteraz 是適用于 18 歲以上所有人的必備 Covid-19 跟蹤應用程序。與此同時，Hayya 允許游客按照足球賽事的日程安排并免費使用卡塔爾的地鐵交通系統(tǒng)。雖然它們似乎是有用的工具，但這兩個應用程序帶來了許多隱私風險。
Etheraz has the ability to read and wipe phone content, connect to WiFi and Bluetooth networks, prevent phone from going to sleep, even access location and disable screen lock.
 
Etheraz 具有讀取和擦除手機內(nèi)容、連接 WiFi 和藍牙網(wǎng)絡、防止手機進入睡眠狀態(tài)、甚至訪問位置和禁用屏幕鎖定的能力。

While Hayya may seem a little less annoying than Etheraz, it also requires access to location, sharing personal information without restrictions.
雖然 Hayya 似乎少了一些可能比 Etheraz 更煩人，它還需要訪問位置，不受限制地共享個人信息。
 
Øyvind Vasaasen - Director of Security at Norwegian broadcaster Norsk Rikskringkasting AS (NRK) has warned about these apps. "It's not my job to give travel advice, but personally, I would never take my phone with me when visiting Qatar," Vasassan said.
Øyvind Vasaasen - 挪威廣播公司 Norsk Rikskringkasting AS (NRK) 的安全總監(jiān)已就這些應用程序發(fā)出警告。瓦薩森說：“我的工作不是提供旅行建議，但就個人而言，我絕不會在訪問卡塔爾時隨身攜帶手機。”
通過下載這兩個應用程序，用戶默認接受使用條款中列出的條款?；旧?，游客將手機中的所有信息都交給了當局。用戶賦予控制應用程序的人員讀取和更改內(nèi)容以及編輯信息的能力。
"They also have the ability to get information from other applications, and if they have the ability to do so, we believe they can," Vasaasen warns.
“他們也有能力從其他應用程序獲取信息，如果他們有能力這樣做，我們相信他們可以，”Vasaasen 警告說。
 
Bruce Schneier - American computer security expert, lecturer at Harvard Kennedy School and board member of the non-profit Electronic Frontier Foundation - agreed with Vasaasen. Schneier was quoted by Spiceworks on October 20: "Everyone who goes to Qatar to watch the World Cup needs to have spyware installed on their phone.
Bruce Schneier - 美國計算機安全專家、哈佛肯尼迪學院講師和非營利性電子前沿基金會的董事會成員 - 也表示同意 Vasaasen。 Spiceworks 在 10 月 20 日引用 Schneier 的話：“每個到卡塔爾觀看世界杯的人都需要在手機上安裝間諜軟件。
 
In principle, these applications are required for everyone entering the country. So it's not just for fans, but also football players, technicians, members of the media and other stakeholders. It's unclear to what extent downloading Ehteraz and Hayya is mandatory.
原則上，所有進入該國的人都需要這些申請。因此，它不僅適用于球迷，也適用于足球運動員、技術人員、媒體成員和其他利益相關者。目前還不清楚下載 Ehteraz 和 Hayya 到何種程度是強制性的。
Qatar has previously come under scrutiny for its human rights record, including preparations for the biggest sporting event on the planet. The Middle Eastern country also has strict rules (though some have been relaxed for the FIFA World Cup), and non-compliance can result in violators being sentenced to up to three months in prison and a maximum three-month fine of $2,750.
卡塔爾此前曾因其人權記錄而受到審查，包括為地球上最大的體育賽事做準備。這個中東國家也有嚴格的規(guī)定（雖然有些已經(jīng)為 FIFA 世界杯放寬了），不遵守可能會導致違規(guī)者被判處最高三個月的監(jiān)禁和最高三個月的罰款 2,750 美元。
 
Qatar citizens are required to wear modest clothing covering shoulders and knees in their daily life, not to smoke or drink in public places, and to abide by a strict policy on LGBT and unmarried heterosexual couples. kiss,...
卡塔爾公民在日常生活中必須穿著遮蓋肩膀和膝蓋的樸素服裝，不得在公共場所吸煙或飲酒，遵守對 LGBT 和未婚異性伴侶的嚴格政策。親吻，...