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初中英語(yǔ)必考2000詞 R rabbit→rush

所屬教程:初中英語(yǔ)單詞全解全練

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2022年06月14日

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初中英語(yǔ)必考2000詞 R rabbit→rush

rabbit [?r?b?t ] n. 兔,家兔

配  hare n. 野兔

例  Some people believe that rabbits are lucky animals, so they carry a part of the rabbit, its foot, for good luck. 有些人相信兔子是幸運(yùn)的動(dòng)物,所以他們帶著兔子身體的一個(gè)部分——兔子腿,為了能帶來(lái)好運(yùn)。(2011·舟山)

race [re?s ] n. 種族,民族 v.(速度)競(jìng)賽,比賽 n. 賽跑,競(jìng)賽

拓  racer n. 比賽者 racist n. 種族主義者

配  in the race 在比賽中

human race 人類

race against 同……比賽

例  The British are a sea-going race . 英國(guó)人是個(gè)航海的民族。

In his second year, David won a race at a sports meeting. 第二年,大衛(wèi)在運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的跑步比賽上獲得了冠軍。(2012·陜西)

radio [?re?di?? ] n. 無(wú)線電,收音機(jī)

拓  radio-cast n. & v. 無(wú)線電廣播

配  on the radio 在廣播中

radio station 無(wú)線電臺(tái)

listen to the radio 聽(tīng)廣播,聽(tīng)收音機(jī)

例  Books, magazines, TV, radio and films all help us communicate with others. 書(shū)籍、雜志、電視、廣播和電影,都能幫助我們與他人溝通。(2009·蘭州)

railway [?re?lwe? ] n. 鐵路

構(gòu)  rail(n. 鐵軌)+way(n. 道路)

拓  railroad 鐵路;鐵路公司

配  railway station 火車(chē)站

railway transport 鐵路運(yùn)輸

railway system 鐵路系統(tǒng)

例  But this morning he was caught by a policeman at the railway station. 但是,今天早上他在火車(chē)站被警察逮捕了。(2008·南京)

rain [re?n ] n. 雨,雨水 vi. 下雨

拓  rainy a. 下雨的;多雨的

配  rain or shine 不論晴雨,風(fēng)雨無(wú)阻

例  You can also get there by boat in the rain season. 雨季的時(shí)候你可以坐船去那里。(2012·大連)

rainbow [?re?nb?? ] n. 彩虹

構(gòu)  rain(n. 雨)+bow(n. 弓形)

配  (be) over the rainbow[口]高興極了

例  You can see the beautiful rainbows and many kinds of nice birds around the Angel Falls. 在天使瀑布周?chē)?,你可以看到美麗的彩虹和各種漂亮的鳥(niǎo)兒。(2012·大連)

raincoat [?re?nk??t ] n. 雨衣

構(gòu)  rain(n. 雨)+coat(n. 外套)

例  Well, if it's wet, I will wear my strong shoes and take my raincoat with me. 嗯,如果地是濕的,我會(huì)穿上結(jié)實(shí)的鞋子,再帶上雨衣。(2011·上海)

rainy [?re?ni ] a. 下雨的;多雨的

構(gòu)  rain(n. 雨)+y(形容詞后綴)

配  save against a rainy day 以備萬(wàn)一,未雨綢繆

例  It's reported that it's rainy today. 天氣預(yù)報(bào)說(shuō)今天有雨。(2009·煙臺(tái))

raise [re?z ] vt. 使升高;飼養(yǎng);引起

配  raise money 集資;籌款;募捐

get a raise 得到加薪

raise up 舉起,抬起

例  Her boss agreed to raise money. 她老板同意了募捐。(2008·南京)

I am trying to raise my three children this way. 我試著用這種方式養(yǎng)育三個(gè)孩子。(2011·黃岡)

rapid [?r?p?d ] a. 快的,迅速的

拓  rapidly ad. 迅速地;很快地;立即

例  The rapid reader may be a good reader when he reads a storybook for fun. 快讀者把讀一本故事書(shū)當(dāng)做娛樂(lè)的時(shí)候,可能是一位不錯(cuò)的讀者。(2011·無(wú)錫)

rat [r?t ] n. 老鼠

拓  mouse n. 鼠

配  poor as a rat 一貧如洗

like a drowned rat 渾身濕透

例  The animal trainers found that a kind of rats from Africa were clever and had a sharp sense of smell. 動(dòng)物訓(xùn)練師發(fā)現(xiàn)一種從非洲來(lái)的老鼠很聰明,有靈敏的嗅覺(jué)。(2011·溫州)

rather [?rɑ?e? ] ad. 相當(dāng),寧可

配  rather than 而不是;寧可……也不愿

would rather 寧愿,寧可

例  After taking lessons in Hilton Language School, I'll think about working as a tour guide rather than a doctor. 在希爾頓語(yǔ)言學(xué)校上課后,我考慮做一個(gè)導(dǎo)游而不是醫(yī)生。(2011·宜昌)

It was a rather difficult test. 這場(chǎng)考試相當(dāng)難。(2011·武漢)

reach [ri?t? ] v. 到達(dá),伸手(腳等)夠到

拓  reachable a. 可獲得的;可達(dá)成的

配  reach out 伸出

reach for 伸手去拿

reach an agreement 達(dá)成協(xié)議;取得一致意見(jiàn),達(dá)成共識(shí)

out of reach 夠不著

例  She sets herself a goal too high to reach . 她給自己設(shè)立了難以達(dá)到的目標(biāo)。(2012·北京)

I couldn't hear their talk, but I saw the woman turn to the driver and the man reach for his pocket. 我聽(tīng)不見(jiàn)他們的談話,但是我看到女人轉(zhuǎn)向了司機(jī),接著司機(jī)開(kāi)始伸手掏口袋。(2011·包頭)

read [ri?d ] v. (read, read)讀;朗讀

拓  reading n. 閱讀,朗讀;讀物 reader n. 讀者

配  read aloud 朗讀

read through/over 從頭到尾細(xì)讀一遍

例  I also keep an English diary and read some English newspapers and magazines. 我仍然保持寫(xiě)英文日記的習(xí)慣,并且閱讀一些英文報(bào)紙雜志。(2011·海南)

ready [?redi ] a. 準(zhǔn)備好的

拓  readily ad. 容易地;樂(lè)意地;無(wú)困難地

配  get ready for 為……做準(zhǔn)備

get/make ready 準(zhǔn)備好

all ready 全部準(zhǔn)備;一切就緒

例  I've got everything ready . 我一切都準(zhǔn)備好了。(2011·安徽)

With four years of college study, they felt ready and able to conquer the world. 經(jīng)過(guò)四年的大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí),他們覺(jué)得準(zhǔn)備就緒,可以征服世界了。(2011·常州)

real [?r??l ] a. 真實(shí)的,確實(shí)的

拓  really ad. 真正地;確實(shí)

配  real estate n. 房地產(chǎn)

for real 真的;認(rèn)真的;嚴(yán)肅的

例  The journey was a real adventure,but sometimes the long hours on the road made them tired. 這次旅行是一次真正的冒險(xiǎn),但有時(shí)路上的長(zhǎng)途跋涉讓他們很疲憊。(2009·長(zhǎng)春)

realise [?r??la?z ] vt. (美 realize)認(rèn)識(shí)到,實(shí)現(xiàn)

構(gòu)  real(a. 現(xiàn)實(shí)的)+ ize(動(dòng)詞后綴表使……)

拓  realised a. 實(shí)現(xiàn)的

realisation n. 實(shí)現(xiàn),完成(等于 realization)

例  Through that, we realize how hard our parents work every day. 經(jīng)過(guò)這件事,我們意識(shí)到父母每天工作多么辛苦。(2011·安徽)

really [?r??li ] ad. 真正地;到底;確實(shí)

構(gòu)  real(a. 現(xiàn)實(shí)的)+ ly(副詞后綴)

配  really and truly 真正地

例  Talk to people you have never talked to before, and really listen. 和你以前從未說(shuō)過(guò)話的人交談,認(rèn)真地傾聽(tīng)。(2011·河北)

reason [?ri?z?n ] vi. 評(píng)理,勸說(shuō) n. 理由,原因

拓  reasonable a. 合理的,有道理的,講道理的

配  have reason for /to do sth. 有做某事的理由

reason with 與……評(píng)理

例  The main reason why pandas are endangered is that the area where pandas can live has become smaller. 熊貓瀕危的主要原因是適合它們生存的區(qū)域變得越來(lái)越小。(2010·蘭州)

receive [ri?si?v ] v. 收到,得到

構(gòu)  re(詞根表示回來(lái))+ceive(拉丁詞根表示拿,取)

拓  reception n. 接待;接收;招待會(huì)

receptionist n. 接待員

配  receive a call 接見(jiàn),接待

receive from 收到

例  Before I received a watch from my father, time never had any importance in my life. 在我收到父親送我的手表之前,時(shí)間的概念在我生活中一點(diǎn)也不重要。(2012·煙臺(tái))

recent [?ri?snt ] a. 近來(lái)的,最近的

拓  recently ad. 最近,近來(lái)

配  in recent years 最近幾年中

例  Unluckily, the recent floods destroyed many farm-houses in the south. 不幸的是,近來(lái)洪水摧毀了南部許多農(nóng)舍。(2012·連云港)

recite [r??sa?t ] v. 背誦,朗讀

拓  recitation n. 背誦;朗誦

例  I recite excellent sentences and passages every day. 我每天都背誦一些精彩的句子和篇章。(2010·佛山)

record [?rek??d ] n. 紀(jì)錄;唱片[r??k??d ] v. 錄制,記錄

拓  recording a. 記錄的;記錄用的

recorder n. 錄音機(jī);記錄器;記錄員

配  break the /a record 打破紀(jì)錄

hold record 保持紀(jì)錄

on the record 記錄在案的,公開(kāi)發(fā)布的

例  Erik Akkersdijk of the Netherlands holds the present world record . 來(lái)自荷蘭的艾瑞克保持著當(dāng)今的世界紀(jì)錄。(2010·青島)

Many televisions can connect to the Internet and record programs. 許多電視機(jī)可以連接網(wǎng)絡(luò)和錄節(jié)目。(2012·河北)

recorder [r??k??d? ] n. 錄音機(jī)

構(gòu)  record(n. 紀(jì)錄;唱片 v. 錄制,記錄)+er(名詞后綴)

拓  recordership n. 記錄員的職位[任期]

配  tape recorder 磁帶錄音機(jī)

video recorder 錄像機(jī)

例  Then she put a small tape recorder on the desk. 然后她把一個(gè)小錄音機(jī)放在桌子上。(2005·寧夏)

red [red ] n. 紅色 a. 紅色的

配  in the red 負(fù)債,虧損;赤字

red cross n. 紅十字會(huì)

red army n. 紅軍

例  She likes red roses best while today is Mother's Day. 她最喜歡紅玫瑰盡管今天是母親節(jié)。(2007·長(zhǎng)沙)

refuse [r??fju?z ] vi. 拒絕,不愿

拓  refusal n. 拒絕

配  refuse to do 拒絕做某事

例  No man in the desert would ever refuse to help the people in trouble and give them food and water.在沙漠中,沒(méi)有人會(huì)拒絕幫助困境中的人們,給予他們食物和水。(2010·呼和浩特)

regard [r??gɑ?d ] v. 把……看作

構(gòu)  re(前綴表示再)+gard(詞根表示看護(hù))

拓  regardless a. 不管;不顧;不注意

配  with regard to 關(guān)于;至于

in regard to 關(guān)于

regard as 把……認(rèn)作

例  I have always loved cars. After graduating from college, I got one, which I regarded as my favourite friend. 我一直很喜歡車(chē)。大學(xué)畢業(yè)后,我有了一輛車(chē),把它看作我最好的朋友。(2011·哈爾濱)

regret [r??gret ] n. & vt. 可惜,遺憾

拓  regretful a. 后悔的,遺憾的;惋惜的

配  regret doing 對(duì)做過(guò)的事表示遺憾、后悔

to express regret 表示遺憾

例  Jane regretted that she hadn't finished her math homework the night before. 珍妮很后悔她前一天晚上沒(méi)有完成數(shù)學(xué)家庭作業(yè)。(2006·武漢)

relation [r??le??n ] n. 關(guān)系;親屬

構(gòu)  rela(te)(vt. 使聯(lián)系)+tion(名詞后綴)

拓  relative a. 相對(duì)的;有關(guān)系的 n. 親戚

related a. 有關(guān)系的,有關(guān)聯(lián)的

relationship n. 關(guān)系;關(guān)聯(lián)

配  in relation to 關(guān)于;涉及

public relation 公共關(guān)系

例  A famous foreign company in China wanted a Clerk for its public relation department. 一家中國(guó)著名的外資公司招聘一位公關(guān)部職員。(2009·寧波)

relationship [r??le??n??p ] n. 關(guān)系

構(gòu)  relation(n. 關(guān)系;親屬)+ship(名詞后綴)

配  cooperative relationship 合作關(guān)系

interpersonal relationship 人際關(guān)系

例  He talked about a number of things, including Internet freedom and the relationship between the US and China. 他談了很多事情,包括互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、自由和中美關(guān)系等話題。(2010·大連)

relative [?rel?t?v ] n. 親戚,親屬 a. 有關(guān)系的

構(gòu)  rela(te)(vt. 使聯(lián)系)+tive(形容詞后綴)

拓  relatively ad. 相當(dāng)?shù)?;相?duì)地,比較地

配  be relative to 和……成比例;和……有關(guān)系

例  Or you may become sad when you lose one of your friends or relatives . 否則,當(dāng)你失去一個(gè)朋友或親人,你會(huì)傷心。(2009·大連)

Supply is relative to demand. 供應(yīng)是按需求而定的。

relax [r??l?ks ] v. (使)放松,輕松

拓  relaxed a. 放松的

配  relax oneself 放松自己

例  Every weekend, they can relax in their living room. 每個(gè)周末他們可以在起居室消遣。(2009·吉林)

But in my opinion, doing sports is a good way to relax and keep fit. 但是在我看來(lái),運(yùn)動(dòng)是放松和減肥的好方法。(2009·包頭)

remain [r??me?n ] vt. 余下,留下 vi. 保持,仍是

拓  remains n. 殘余,遺跡

配  remain calm 保持冷靜

例  At one time there were 1,300 different plants, trees and flowers in Holland but now only 866 remain . 曾經(jīng)荷蘭有1300株不同種類的植物、樹(shù)木和花,但現(xiàn)在只有866株幸存。(2011·南寧)

remember [r??memb? ] v. 記得,想起

拓  memorize v. 記??;背熟

配  remember someone to someone 代某人向某人致意(或問(wèn)好)

remember to do 記得要做某事;記得去做某事

remember doing 記著已經(jīng)做過(guò)的事

例  By the way, remember to tell the others about it by using QQ. 順便提一下,請(qǐng)記得通過(guò) QQ 告訴他們這件事。(2011·黃岡)

It was written to remember Shelley's husband.(這部作品)是為了紀(jì)念雪莉的丈夫。(2011·廣州)

repair [r??pe? ] n. & vt. 修理,修補(bǔ)

拓  repairer n. 修理者;修補(bǔ)者

配  under repair 修理中

例  One year ago. I asked a worker to help me repair my old house. 一年前,我請(qǐng)了一位工人幫我修整老房子。(2011·長(zhǎng)春)

Excuse me, I want to have my watch fixed, but I can't find a repair shop. 打擾一下,我想要修理我的手表,但不知道修理店在哪。(2011·揚(yáng)州)

repeat [r??pi?t ] vt. 重說(shuō),重做

拓  repeated a. 反復(fù)的 repetition n. 重復(fù)

配  repeat itself 會(huì)再發(fā)生,會(huì)重演

repeat oneself 反復(fù)說(shuō),反復(fù)做

例  In the past, if a teacher said something that a child missed, perhaps the child was too timid or nervous to ask them to repeat it. 在過(guò)去,如果學(xué)生錯(cuò)過(guò)了老師所說(shuō)的,也許會(huì)太膽小而不敢讓老師再重復(fù)一遍。(2010·常州)

reply [r??pla? ] n. & v. 回答,答復(fù)

構(gòu)  re(前綴表示回)+ply(詞根表示折)→reply(v. & n. 由折回去引申出回答)

配  in reply 作為答復(fù)

no reply 無(wú)回答,無(wú)應(yīng)答

例  No matter how they reply to the compliments, don't be afraid to compliment someone in English. 不管他們?cè)趺椿貞?yīng)你的稱贊,不要害怕用英語(yǔ)恭維別人。(2009·青島)

report [r??p??t ] n. & v. 報(bào)道,報(bào)告

構(gòu)  re(前綴表示回)+port(詞根表示搬運(yùn),帶來(lái))

配  report on 就……作報(bào)告

report for 為……作報(bào)道

例  Students, parents and teachers from around the country are invited to send a 500-word report that explains the activities their schools have taken to help protect the earth. 來(lái)自全國(guó)各地的學(xué)生、家長(zhǎng)和老師被邀請(qǐng)作500字的報(bào)告,介紹他們學(xué)校為了保護(hù)地球所做的活動(dòng)。(2010·大連)

republic [r??p?bl?k ] n. 共和國(guó)

拓  republican a. 共和國(guó)的 n. 共和主義者

配  People's Republic of China 中華人民共和國(guó)

例  The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949. 中華人民共和國(guó)于1949年成立。(2009·包頭)

require [r??kwa?? ] vt. 需求,要求

構(gòu)  re(前綴表示再)+quire(詞根表示問(wèn),要)

拓  required a. 必需的;(美)必修的

requirement n. 要求;必要條件

配  be required to do 應(yīng)該做,被要求做

例  So they require local people in the town to stop buying bottled water and use tap water to drink. 所以他們要求鎮(zhèn)上的當(dāng)?shù)厝送V官?gòu)買(mǎi)瓶裝水,換成喝自來(lái)水。(2010·哈爾濱)

research [r??s?:t? ] n. 研究,調(diào)查

拓  researcher n. 研究員

配  research into 研究,探討

例  Spending two or three hours playing outdoors each day can reduce a child's chance of becoming short-sighted, a research shows. 研究表明,每天兩至三小時(shí)的戶外活動(dòng),可以降低孩子們患近視的機(jī)會(huì)。(2009·常州)

rest [rest ] n. 休息,睡眠 vi. 休息

拓  restless a. 焦躁不安的

配  the rest of 其余的

at rest 靜止;休息

例  What you have to do is to put the glass down, rest for a while before holding it up again. 你要做的就是摘下眼鏡,休息一下,再戴上眼鏡。(2009·揚(yáng)州)

restaurant [?rest?rɑ?nt ] n. 飯館,飯店

例  We'll have a welcome party for him at the Forest Restaurant this evening. 今晚我們將在“森林”餐廳為他舉行歡迎宴會(huì)。(2008·泉州)

restroom [?restru?m ] n. 公共廁所

構(gòu)  rest(n. 休息)+room(n. 房間)

例  Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? 請(qǐng)問(wèn)洗手間在哪?(2011·貴陽(yáng))

result [r??z?lt ] n. 結(jié)果,效果

構(gòu)  re(前綴表示回來(lái))+sult(詞根表示跳躍)

配  as a result 結(jié)果 result in 導(dǎo)致,結(jié)果是

例  Harry keeps exercising every morning. As a result , he's a few kilos lighter than he used to be. 哈利每天鍛煉,結(jié)果他比過(guò)去輕了幾公斤。(2011·南京)

retell [?ri??tel ] vt. 重講,重復(fù)

構(gòu)  re(前綴表示再)+tell(v. 講)

例  Can you retell the story? 你能復(fù)述這個(gè)故事嗎?

retire [r??ta?? ] vi. 退休,隱退

拓  retired a. 退休的 retirement n. 退休,退役

配  retire from 從……退休

例  He had to retire early because of poor health. 由于健康原因,他不得不早早退休。(2011·揚(yáng)州)

return [r??t?:n ] vi. 返回 vt. 歸還;報(bào)答 n. 返回;回報(bào)

構(gòu)  re(前綴表示回來(lái))+turn(v. 旋轉(zhuǎn))

配  in return 作為報(bào)答

in return for 作為……的報(bào)答

例  I was very tired. In return , I was respected by doctors, nurses and patients. 我很累,作為回報(bào),我得到了醫(yī)生、護(hù)士和病人的尊敬。(2009·包頭)

review [r??vju? ] vt. 回顧;復(fù)習(xí) n. 復(fù)習(xí);評(píng)論

構(gòu)  re(前綴表示回來(lái))+view(v. 看)

拓  reviewer n. 評(píng)論者,評(píng)論家

配  general review 總復(fù)習(xí);一般性綜述

book review 書(shū)評(píng)

例  A young girl sits at her desk, reviewing her homework for the evening. 一位年輕的女孩子坐在書(shū)桌旁,在晚上復(fù)習(xí)功課。(2011·沈陽(yáng))

His new book got mixed reviews . 對(duì)他的新書(shū)的評(píng)論毀譽(yù)參半。

rice [ra?s ] n. 水稻;米飯

拓  noodle n. 面條

例  we mostly sell food—bread, eggs, milk, rice , that kind of things. 我們主要銷(xiāo)售食品——面包、雞蛋、牛奶、大米等諸如此類。(2012·長(zhǎng)沙)

rich [r?t? ] a. 有錢(qián)的,富饒的

拓  enrich v. 使富裕;使豐富

配  rich in 富有;富于

rich color 濃色

例  The woman did some washing for the rich and could buy only some bread for her son. 女人為富人洗衣服的錢(qián),只夠給兒子買(mǎi)點(diǎn)面包。(2011·黃岡)

The colors of the flowers and trees are rich and bright. 花草樹(shù)木都綻放著明亮濃烈的色彩。(2012·陜西)

ride [ra?d ] vt. (rode, ridden)騎(馬、自行車(chē)等);乘車(chē) n. 乘坐

拓  rider n. 騎手

配  go for a ride 騎車(chē)兜風(fēng),騎馬出游

give sb. a ride 讓人騎馬、乘車(chē)

例  The library is not far from here. Let's ride bikes there. 圖書(shū)館離這里不遠(yuǎn),我們騎自行車(chē)去吧。(2011·長(zhǎng)春)

riddle [?r?dl ] n. 謎,謎語(yǔ)

拓  puzzle n. 難題;謎

例  We watched English films and guessed riddles in English. 我們觀賞英語(yǔ)電影,猜英語(yǔ)謎語(yǔ)。(2009·寧夏)

right [ra?t ] a. 右邊的;正確的 ad. 正確地;正好;向右 n. 右邊;正確

拓  left n. 左邊

配  right now 就是現(xiàn)在,馬上

all right 好;順利;正確的

right away 立刻

例  I have to be off right now. 我馬上要離開(kāi)了。(2011·成都)

I'm always sorry when I do something wrong. So please help me do the right things when I'm with you in China! 當(dāng)我做錯(cuò)事情的時(shí)候我總是覺(jué)得抱歉。所以,在我和你一起在中國(guó)的時(shí)間里,請(qǐng)幫助我做對(duì)的事!(2009·大連)

ring [r?? ] v. (rang, rang)(鐘、鈴等)響;打電話 n. 電話;環(huán)形物(如環(huán)、圈、戒指等)

拓  ringtone n. 手機(jī)鈴聲

配  ring the bell 鳴鐘;按門(mén)鈴

ring up 給某人打電話

ring back 給某人回電話

例  Betty will ring me up when she arrives in Beijing. 貝蒂到北京就會(huì)給我打電話。(2011·重慶)

rise [ra?z ] vi. (rose, risen)增加;上升;起床;反抗 n. 增加;(地位的)升高

拓  rising a. 上升的;上漲的;新興的 n. 上升;起床;造反

配  on the rise 在增加;在上漲

give rise to 使發(fā)生,引起

rise up 上升;起義;叛變

例  On the twelfth day after the earthquake, Premier Wen Jiabao said,“A new Wenchuan will rise from the ruins.”地震后第12天,溫家寶總理說(shuō):“一個(gè)新汶川將在廢墟上拔地而起?!保?011·寧波)

As you can see,“ Friends are angels to make us rise when our wings have problems flying.”正如你所見(jiàn),“朋友是天使,讓我們?cè)诔岚蚴軅麜r(shí)能夠飛翔?!保?009·哈爾濱)

risk [r?sk ] n. 風(fēng)險(xiǎn),危險(xiǎn)

拓  risky a. 危險(xiǎn)的;冒險(xiǎn)的

配  at risk 處于危險(xiǎn)中

high risk 高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

例  She was willing to risk death to save her motherland. 為了挽救祖國(guó),她寧愿冒犧牲性命的危險(xiǎn)。

river [?r?v? ] n. 江;河

拓  lake n. 湖泊

配  cross the river 渡河

例  The waste water pollutes the river . 廢水污染了河流。(2010·深圳)

road [r??d ] n. 路,道路

拓  roadless a. 沒(méi)有路的

roadway n. 道路;路面;車(chē)行道;鐵路的路基

配  on the road 在旅途中;到處奔走

in the road 擋路

road construction 公路建設(shè),筑路

例  When the four friends got out, they saw a kangaroo lying on the road . 四個(gè)朋友下車(chē)后,他們看見(jiàn)一只袋鼠躺在了地上。(2009·長(zhǎng)春)

rob [r?b ] v. 搶劫,搶奪

拓  robbery n. 搶劫,盜竊

配  rob sb. of sth. 搶劫某人的東西

例  The lady was robbed by a young man of her handbag while she was walking alone. 一位女士在獨(dú)自走路的時(shí)候被一個(gè)年輕男子搶了手提包。(2012·連云港)

robot [?r??b?t ] n. 機(jī)器人

拓  machine n. 機(jī)器

例  The one with blue eyes is a guide robot . She can show you around our school. 那個(gè)藍(lán)色眼睛的是導(dǎo)航機(jī)器人。她可以帶你逛遍校園。(2009·蘭州)

rock [r?k ] n. 巖石,石塊;搖滾樂(lè) vt. 搖動(dòng);(使)搖晃

拓  rocky a. 巖石的;堅(jiān)如巖石的

配  rock and roll 搖滾音樂(lè)

例  — What's your favorite music?

—Rock music.

——你最喜歡哪種類型的音樂(lè)?

——搖滾樂(lè)。(2009·長(zhǎng)春)

But a huge rock fell from a nearby mountain and stopped in the middle of the road. 但是一塊大石頭從附近山上滾了下來(lái),橫在了路中間。(2008·武漢)

role [r??l ] n. 角色;作用;任務(wù)

拓  role-play n. 角色扮演,角色模仿

配  play an important role 起到重要作用

leading role 主導(dǎo)作用;主導(dǎo)地位

play a role 發(fā)揮作用;扮演一個(gè)角色

例  As parents, you can play an important role in improving your children's literacy. 作為父母,在提高孩子的讀寫(xiě)能力上可以起很重要的作用。(2011·寧波)

room [ru?m;r?m ] n. 房間;空間

拓  roommate n. 室友

配  make room for 騰出空地方給……

double room 雙人間;雙人房

例  Now they have new classrooms, a library and a computer room with 20 computers. 現(xiàn)在他們有了新教室,一個(gè)圖書(shū)館和一個(gè)擁有20臺(tái)電腦的機(jī)房。(2011·寧波)

rope [r??p ] n. 繩,索 v. 捆綁

拓  thread n. 線

配  with a rope round one's neck 拼死地,破釜沉舟地

例  The school says later we can have rope jumping or kicking Jianzi. 校方后來(lái)同意了我們可以跳繩或是踢毽子。(2009·揚(yáng)州)

rose [r??z ] n. 玫瑰花 v. (rise 的過(guò)去式)起立,上升

拓  rosy a. 玫瑰色的;美好的

例  He bought a red rose for her each day to show his love. The flowers made her very happy. 每天他都為她買(mǎi)一支紅玫瑰,以表示自己對(duì)她的愛(ài)。這些玫瑰花使她非常高興。(2011·哈爾濱)

round [ra?nd ] ad. 轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)來(lái) prep. 環(huán)繞一周 a. 圓的;球形的

拓  roundness n. 圓滿,完整

配  all round 周?chē)教?/p>

例  After the fourth time, Mr Smith stopped, turned round and said to the small boy,“What are you doing?”四次過(guò)后,史密斯先生停了下來(lái),轉(zhuǎn)身對(duì)這個(gè)小男孩說(shuō):“你要干什么?”(2011·廈門(mén))

row [r?? ] n. (一)排;劃船 v. 劃船;爭(zhēng)吵

拓  rowing n. 劃船;賽艇運(yùn)動(dòng)

配  in a row 連續(xù);成一長(zhǎng)行

in row 行內(nèi)的;在行內(nèi)

single row 單排;單行

例  The best place to sit is in the front row . 最好的座位是第一排。(2012·大連)

rubber [?r?b? ] n. 橡膠;橡皮

構(gòu)  rub(v. 擦,摩擦)+(b)er(名詞后綴)

例  The players used a ball made of cork or rubber . 運(yùn)動(dòng)員們用的球由軟木或橡膠制成。(2009·西寧)

rubbish [?r?b?? ] n. 垃圾;荒謬的念頭或建議 a. 毫無(wú)價(jià)值的

拓  garbage n. 垃圾 trash n. 垃圾

配  rubbish bin 垃圾桶

例  Bring some water and food, but take your rubbish away with you.(可以)帶食物和水,但請(qǐng)帶著垃圾離開(kāi)。(2012·河北)

rude [ru?d ] a. 粗魯?shù)?,無(wú)禮的

拓  rudely ad. 無(wú)禮地;粗暴地

配  be rude to sb. 對(duì)某人粗暴無(wú)禮

例  It's rude to scream or shout on the phone. 在電話里大聲尖叫或嚷嚷是無(wú)禮粗魯?shù)?。?010·海南)

rule [ru?l ] n. 規(guī)則,規(guī)定 vt. 統(tǒng)治;支配

拓  ruler n. 統(tǒng)治者;直尺

配  as a rule 通常,一般說(shuō)來(lái)

rules and regulations 規(guī)章制度

general rule 通則;一般規(guī)則

例  Afterwards, you should say,“Excuse me.”This is a rule I set for my students. 在那以后,你必須說(shuō):“打擾了。”這是我為學(xué)生立下的規(guī)矩。(2011·蘇州)

ruler [?ru?l? ] n. 統(tǒng)治者,支配者;直尺

構(gòu)  rul(e)(n. 規(guī)則)+er(名詞后綴)

例  May I use your ruler , Lingling? 玲玲,我能用下你的尺子嗎?(2010·桂林)

run [r?n ] vi. (ran, run)跑;傳播 vt. 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn);進(jìn)行

拓  runner n. 跑步者

配  in the long run 長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn);終究

run away 逃跑;失控

run out of 用完

例  They were trying to run away, but the police caught two of them at the gate of the bank. 他們?cè)囍优?,但是警察在銀行門(mén)口逮捕了他們其中的兩個(gè)人。(2008·南京)

rush [r?? ] vi. 沖,奔跑 vt. 匆促進(jìn)行 n. 沖,奔;匆忙;(交通、事務(wù)等)繁忙

配  rush hour 交通擁擠時(shí)間;上下班高峰時(shí)間

in a rush 急急忙忙地,急速地

例  If you are in a crowded hall away from the door, don't rush to the exit. 如果你在擁擠的大廳,離門(mén)很遠(yuǎn),別急忙沖向出口。(2008·泉州)


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