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初中英語(yǔ)必考2000詞 A a→awful

所屬教程:初中英語(yǔ)單詞全解全練

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2022年05月12日

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初中英語(yǔ)必考2000詞 A a→awful

a(an) [e?(?n);?(?n) ] art. & a. 一,一個(gè),一只,一件

拓  a用于以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞或字母前,an用在以元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞或字母前。

配  a few (of) 一些,少量(sugar)

a little 一點(diǎn),少許(time)

a lot of 許多,大量(money/presents)

a pair of 一對(duì),一雙(shoes)

例  I'm not sure about the meaning of the word. You'd better look it up in a dictionary. 我不確定這個(gè)字的意思,你最好查字典。(2010·沈陽(yáng))

A low-carbon lifestyle has an effect on our daily life. 低碳生活方式影響了我們?nèi)粘I?。?010·哈爾濱)

ability [??b?l?ti ] n. 能力,才能

拓  able a. 有能力的;能干的 inability n. 無(wú)能,無(wú)力

配  to the best of one's ability 竭盡全力

例  We have all been given the ability to make a difference to shape the future. 我們每個(gè)人都賦予了改變世界、塑造未來(lái)的能力。(2011·荊州)

able [?e?bl ] a. 有能力的;能干的

拓  enable vt. 使能夠

配  be able to do sth. 能夠做某事

例  If you are able to get the tickets tomorrow, please tell me by phone. 如果你明天能夠拿到票,請(qǐng)通過(guò)電話(huà)告訴我。(2011·上海)

The boy was able to dress himself when he was very young. 這個(gè)男孩很小的時(shí)候就能給自己穿衣服(2011·哈爾濱)

about [??ba?t ] ad. 大約;到處,四處 prep. 關(guān)于;在各處,四處

配  be about to 即將

How about…? 怎么樣了?你看……怎么樣?

What about…? ……怎樣?

例  On the steps of one building, a group of engineering students were discussing the exam that was about to begin. 一幢教學(xué)樓的臺(tái)階上,一群工科生正在談?wù)摷磳㈤_(kāi)始的考試。(2011·鎮(zhèn)江)

When Robert was a student in high school, his teacher asked him to write a composition about what he wanted to do when he grew up. 當(dāng)羅伯特還是高中生的時(shí)候,他的老師要他寫(xiě)一篇關(guān)于他長(zhǎng)大后想做什么的作文。(2012·大連)

above [??b?v ] prep. 在……上面

拓  below prep. 在……下面

配  above all 最重要的

例  Ice turns into water when the temperature is above 0℃. 氣溫在零攝氏度以上時(shí),冰變?yōu)樗?。?011·鎮(zhèn)江)

abroad [??br??d ] ad. 到國(guó)外;在國(guó)外

拓  aboard 在船(飛機(jī)、車(chē))上,上船(飛機(jī)、車(chē))

配  from abroad 從國(guó)外,從海外 go abroad 出國(guó)

例  When we do buy things, choose local products if possible, and try not to buy too many things from abroad . 當(dāng)我們買(mǎi)東西的時(shí)候,如可能的話(huà),要選擇當(dāng)?shù)氐漠a(chǎn)品,盡量不買(mǎi)很多國(guó)外產(chǎn)品。(2011·鹽城)

She has gone abroad , hasn't she? 她已經(jīng)出國(guó)了,是嗎?(2012·蘇州)

absent [??bs?nt ] a. 缺席的,不在的

構(gòu)  ab(離開(kāi))+sent(esse拉丁詞根表存在)

拓  absence n. 缺席 absent-minded a. 心不在焉的present a. 出席的,當(dāng)面的

配  be absent from 缺席

例  Miss. Evans thought it was wrong for her students to be absent from the lecture. 埃文斯小姐認(rèn)為她的學(xué)生們?nèi)闭n是不對(duì)的。(2005·寧夏)

absence [??bs?ns ] n. 不在,缺席

構(gòu)  absen(t)(a. 缺席的)+ce(名詞后綴)

拓  presence n. 出席,到場(chǎng),存在

配  in the absence of 缺乏……時(shí);當(dāng)……不在時(shí)

例  Absence makes the heart fonder. 久別情更深。

In the absence of a will the courts decide who the guardian. 在沒(méi)有遺囑的情況下,由法庭指定監(jiān)護(hù)人。

accent [??ks?nt ] n. 口音;重音;腔調(diào)

拓  pronunciation n. 發(fā)音

例  Daming and Lingling found their accents really difficult to understand. 大明和玲玲覺(jué)得他們的口音很難懂。(2012·大連)

accept [?k?sept ] vt. 接受,認(rèn)可

拓  acceptance n. 接受 acceptable a. 可接受的,合意的 receive vt. 收到

例  Perhaps we parents should stop trying to brainwash children into accepting our taste in literature 也許我們家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)該試著阻止自己對(duì)孩子洗腦,不再?gòu)?qiáng)迫他們接受我們的文學(xué)口味。(2011·黃岡)

accident [??ks?d?nt ] n. 事故,意外事件

拓  accidental a. 意外的,非主要的,附屬的

配  by accident 意外地,偶然地

a traffic accident 交通事故

例  He met with an old schoolmate of his by accident at the railway. 他在火車(chē)站偶然遇到了他的一位老校友。(2012·煙臺(tái))

Eighteen kids died in the school bus accident in Gansu Province. It's the most serious one that I have ever heard of. 在甘肅省有18個(gè)孩子死于校車(chē)事故,這是我所聽(tīng)說(shuō)的最嚴(yán)重的一例。(2012·廣州)

according [??k??d?? ] ad. 依照,根據(jù) a. 相符的,和諧的 prep. 根據(jù);據(jù)……所示/說(shuō)

構(gòu)  accord(n. 一致,符合)+ing

拓  accordingly ad. 照著;相應(yīng)地

配  according to 根據(jù);據(jù)……所示/說(shuō)

例  According to a recent survey microbes as well as fingerprints could be used to identify the criminal. 根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查,手上的細(xì)菌和指紋可以用來(lái)辨別罪犯。(2011·深圳)

ache [e?k ] vi. & n. 痛,疼痛

拓  headache 頭痛 toothache 牙痛

配  ache for 渴望

例  She felt an ache in her back. 她感到后背隱隱作痛。

He ached for her friendship. 他渴望和她交朋友。

achieve [??t?i?v ] vt. 完成;實(shí)現(xiàn);達(dá)到;取得

拓  achievable a. 做得成的,可完成的,可有成就的 achievement n. 成績(jī),成就 achiever n. 成功者

例  According to the survey, many students were willing to work hard to achieve their aims. 據(jù)調(diào)查,許多學(xué)生都會(huì)為了實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)而努力學(xué)習(xí)。(2012·煙臺(tái))

You will achieve nothing unless you work hard. 你如果不努力,你將一事無(wú)成。(2011·青島)

across [??kr?s ] prep. 橫過(guò)……;在……的對(duì)面 ad. 從一邊到另一邊

構(gòu)  a(表示加強(qiáng))+cross(v. 橫穿)

配  come across 偶然發(fā)現(xiàn);偶然遇到

例  The boy is a good swimmer. He can swim across the wide river. 這男孩很會(huì)游泳,他能游過(guò)這條寬河。(2012·深圳)

The old woman walked across the road carefully. 這位老婦人小心地穿過(guò)馬路。(2011·揚(yáng)州)

act [?kt ] n. 行動(dòng),動(dòng)作;法令 vi. 行動(dòng);做,做事;表演 vt. 扮演(角色)

配  act as(臨時(shí))擔(dān)任,充當(dāng),起……的作用

例  We must act now because time is running out. 時(shí)間不多了,我們必須立即行動(dòng)。(2011·蘇州)

They hoped that government would act quickly to conserve nature. 他們希望政府能夠快速地采取行動(dòng)以保護(hù)自然。(2011·南寧)

action [??k?n ] n. 行動(dòng)

構(gòu)  act(v. 行動(dòng))+tion(名詞后綴)

配  take action 采取行動(dòng)

例  The answer is to control your actions and try not to get upset. 答案就是控制你的行為并且盡量避免沮喪。(2012·長(zhǎng)沙)

I like action movies best, but I don't like comedies and documentaries. 我最喜歡動(dòng)作片,但我不喜歡喜劇片和紀(jì)錄片。(2009·廈門(mén))

actor [??kt? ] n. (男)演員

構(gòu)  act(v. 表演)+or(名詞后綴表特定事情的人或物)

例  As a well-known actor , are you feeling happy? 作為著名演員,你感覺(jué)開(kāi)心嗎?(2010·青島)

actress [??ktr?s ] n. 女演員

構(gòu)  act(v. 表演)+ress(名詞后綴表示女性)

例  The actress is already 50, but she looks much younger than she really is. 這位女演員已經(jīng)50歲了,但她看起來(lái)比她實(shí)際年齡要年輕得多。(2011·廣州)

active [??kt?v ] a. 積極的,主動(dòng)的;勤奮的

拓  actively ad. 活躍地,積極地

例  They should also take an active part in social activities . 他們也應(yīng)該積極參加一些社會(huì)活動(dòng)。(2011·宜昌)

On the train the British often spend their time reading newspapers or books.But Americans are more active and easier to talk with. 在火車(chē)上,英國(guó)人經(jīng)??孔x報(bào)或讀書(shū)來(lái)打發(fā)時(shí)間,但美國(guó)人卻更活躍,也使人易于和他們交談。(2010·哈爾濱)

activity [?k?t?v?ti ] n. 活動(dòng)

構(gòu)  act(v. 活動(dòng))+ivity(名詞后綴)

例  Anyone who sings well can take part in the activity in our school. 任何唱歌好的人都可以參加我們學(xué)校的活動(dòng)。(2011·陜西)

add [?d ] vt. 添加,增加

拓  addition n. 增加;〈數(shù)學(xué)〉加法

配  add up to 總計(jì)達(dá)

例  Pace and pause add color to your speech. 節(jié)奏和停頓為你的演講增色。(2011·成都)

Many Americans choose to add sugar to sweeten the drink. 許多美國(guó)人會(huì)加些糖來(lái)增加甜甜的口感。(2010·蘭州)

address [??dres ] n. 發(fā)言,致詞;正式演講,演說(shuō);地址,住址

拓  addresser n. 發(fā)信人,發(fā)件人,發(fā)言人

addressee n. 受信人,收件人

例  If anybody calls, tell them I'm out and ask them to leave their name and addresses . 如果有人打電話(huà)來(lái),告訴他們我出去了,請(qǐng)他們留下他們的姓名和地址。(2011·揚(yáng)州)

advantage [?d?vɑ?nt?? ] n. 有利條件,有利因素;優(yōu)勢(shì) vt. 有利于,使處于有利地位

拓  disadvantage n. 不利,不利條件,缺點(diǎn),劣勢(shì)

配  gain/have an advantage over 勝過(guò),優(yōu)于

take advantage of 利用

例  The advantages of texting are obvious. These advantages are so amazing that many people are crazy about it. 短信的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是顯而易見(jiàn)的,這些驚人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)使人們瘋狂迷戀于它。(2012·溫州)

advertisement [?d?v?:t?sm?nt ] n. 廣告

構(gòu)  advertise(v. 為……做廣告,登廣告)+ment(名詞后綴)

拓  advertise v. 為……做廣告,登廣告

例  They handed out lots of advertisements to lead people to buy their products last month. 為了讓人們購(gòu)買(mǎi)他們的商品,上個(gè)月他們發(fā)了一些廣告。(2011·包頭)

advice [?d?va?s ] n. 忠告,勸告,建議

拓  advise vt. 忠告,勸告,建議

配  give sb. advice on (doing) sth. 就(做)某事向某人提出建議

take (follow/listen to) one's advice 接受(遵從/聽(tīng)從)某人的建議

ask for one's advice 征詢(xún)某人意見(jiàn)

ask sb. for advice on sth. 在某事上征詢(xún)某人意見(jiàn)

例  Post your problems on the blog and get other bloggers' advice ! 把你的問(wèn)題寫(xiě)在博客上可以得到其他博客寫(xiě)手的建議。(2012·大連)

She not only gives them medicine care but also provides advice on how to relax from busy work. 她不僅給予他們藥物治療還提供如何從忙碌工作中放松的建議。(2012·廣州)

advise [?d?va?z ] vt. 忠告,勸告,建議

拓  advice n. 忠告,勸告,建議

配  advise (sb.) against doing sth. 建議(某人)不做某事

advise sb. on sth. 對(duì)于某事給某人忠告

例  My doctor advised me to take the medicine twice a day, in the morning and evening. 我的醫(yī)生建議我每天吃?xún)纱嗡?,早上和晚上各一次。?011·杭州)

The main purpose of this passage is to advise on how to deal with nervousness. 這篇短文的主要目的是就如何應(yīng)付緊張?zhí)岢鼋ㄗh。(2011·廣州)

afford [??f??d ] vt. 負(fù)擔(dān)得起(……的費(fèi)用);提供

配  can't afford to 負(fù)擔(dān)不起

例  I can't even afford to buy a small house. 我甚至買(mǎi)不起一個(gè)小房子。(2011·宜昌)

I knew we needed to find that shoe, for our mother couldn't afford new shoes. 我知道我們需要找到那只鞋,因?yàn)槲覀兊哪赣H買(mǎi)不起一雙新鞋。(2011·舟山)

afraid [??fre?d ] a. 害怕的;擔(dān)心的

拓  afraid 只用作表語(yǔ),不用作定語(yǔ)

配  be afraid of 害怕, 擔(dān)心

例  I used to be afraid of the dark so I want to sleep with the light on. 我以前怕黑所以我想開(kāi)著燈睡覺(jué)。(2011·廈門(mén))

Africa [??fr?k? ] n. 非洲

例  There are rainforests in many parts of the world but the biggest forests are in South America, Africa and South East Asia. 世界上許多地方都有熱帶雨林,然而最大的熱帶雨林位于南美洲、非洲和東南亞。(2012·鹽城)

African [??fr?k?n ] a. 非洲的,非洲人的 n. 非洲人

例  Obama was born to an African father and a white American woman from a small town in the US in 1961. 奧巴馬生于1961年,隨他的非洲裔父親和美國(guó)籍白人媽媽出生在美國(guó)的一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)。(2009·煙臺(tái))

after [?ɑ?ft? ] ad. 在后;后來(lái) prep. 在……之后;在……后面 conj. 在……以后

拓  before ad. 在前,以前 prep. 在……之前 conj. 在……之前

配  after all 終究,畢竟

one after another 一個(gè)接一個(gè)的

time after time 再三,常常

after a while(過(guò)了)一會(huì)兒

look after 照顧

例  —I'm sorry. I didn't do a good job.

—That's OK. You did your best after all.

——抱歉。我沒(méi)干好。

——沒(méi)關(guān)系。畢竟你盡力了。(2009·杭州)

afternoon [?ɑ?ft??nu?n ] n. 下午,午后

構(gòu)  after(prep. 在……后)+noon(n. 中午)

配  in the afternoon 在下午

on Monday afternoon 在星期一下午

on the afternoon of 在某天下午

例  However, in the afternoon , when we finished our picnic at one o'clock, it was dark and windy. 然而,在下午一點(diǎn)我們結(jié)束野餐的時(shí)候,天色變得陰沉并且開(kāi)始刮風(fēng)。(2012·河北)

Obama spent 50 minutes in the Forbidden City on the afternoon of 17th November.11月17日下午,奧巴馬花了50分鐘在紫禁城參觀。(2010·昆明)

afterwards [?ɑ?ft?w?dz ] ad. 然后,后來(lái)地

拓  backwards ad. 向后 forwards ad. 向前

例  She then decided to become a nurse. Afterwards for five years she worked in an English hospital where she proved to be highly professional at her job. 那個(gè)時(shí)候她就決定成為一名護(hù)士,在后來(lái)的五年,她在一家英國(guó)醫(yī)院工作,在那里證明了她在工作上超高的專(zhuān)業(yè)水平。(2011·溫州)

again [??ɡen ] ad. 再一次;再,又

配  again and again 一次又一次地,反復(fù)地,再三地

now and again 時(shí)而,偶爾,有時(shí)

例  They try again and again until they succeed. 他們一再?lài)L試直到成功。(2012·武漢)

against [??ɡenst,??ɡe?nst ] prep. 對(duì)著;反對(duì)

拓  be for 支持 be against 反對(duì)

例  Are you against building a new zoo in the town? 你們反對(duì)在城里建一個(gè)新的動(dòng)物園嗎?(2012·煙臺(tái))

He walked right under a ladder standing against a building. 他走在斜靠在建筑物上的梯子的正下方。(2011·吉林)

age [e?? ] n. 年齡;時(shí)代;老年

拓  aged a. 年老的 middle-aged a. 中年的

配  at the age of 在……歲時(shí)

for ages 很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間,很久

例  It is hard to say, but 53 is surely not the age to retire。這很難說(shuō),但是53歲絕對(duì)不是要退休的年齡。(2012·廣州)

Susan joined an art club at the age of six and paints well. 蘇姍在六歲時(shí)參加了一個(gè)藝術(shù)俱樂(lè)部并且畫(huà)畫(huà)很好。(2011·廣元)

ago [??ɡ?? ] ad. 以前

拓  ago 用于一般過(guò)去時(shí),它所指的時(shí)間是從現(xiàn)在算起

before 一般用于過(guò)去完成時(shí),所指的時(shí)間從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻算起

配  long ago 很久以前,從前

例  Paper was first made in China about 2,000 years ago . 紙?jiān)诖蠹s2000年前首先由中國(guó)制造。(2011·昆明)

But long ago people didn't eat potatoes. 但是很久以前人們不吃馬鈴薯。(2009·河北)

agree [??gri? ] v. 同意,應(yīng)允

拓  disagree vi. 不同意

配  agree to 同意(計(jì)劃、安排、意見(jiàn)之類(lèi)的名詞或動(dòng)詞原形,表示愿意協(xié)助工作)

agree with 與……(意見(jiàn))一致(接人,也可接意見(jiàn)、看法等,但不含有協(xié)助的意思)

例  I agree with you. In this way, we can make fewer mistakes. 我同意你的意見(jiàn),只有這樣我們才能比較少地犯錯(cuò)誤。(2011·成都)

agreement [??gri?m?nt ] n. 同意,一致(認(rèn)為);協(xié)定,協(xié)議

構(gòu)  agree(v. 同意)+ment(名詞后綴)

拓  disagreement n. 不同意

配  arrive at /come to / reach / make an agreement 取得一致意見(jiàn)

例  We are in agreement that the meeting should be put off till tomorrow. 我們一致同意將會(huì)議推遲到明天。(2009·煙臺(tái))

The two cities have reached an agreement to develop science and technology. 這兩個(gè)城市在發(fā)展科學(xué)技術(shù)方面達(dá)成協(xié)議。(2011·鹽城)

ahead [??hed ] ad. 在前;向前;預(yù)先

構(gòu)  a(前綴表示“在,向”)+head(n. 頭)

配  ahead of 在……前面,先于

go ahead 表示同意,放手干

例  —Jack, would you mind if I use your ipad?

—Of course not, go ahead .

——杰克,你介意我用一下你的ipad嗎?

——當(dāng)然不會(huì)介意,用吧。(2011·大慶)

A young couple viewing the paintings ahead of me chatted nonstop between themselves. 在我前面有一對(duì)看畫(huà)的年輕夫婦,他們之間聊個(gè)不停。(2012·武漢)

aid [e?d ] n. (U)救助;援助;救護(hù)(C)輔助物;輔助設(shè)備

拓  help n. 幫助 first-aid 急救的,急救用的 band-aid 創(chuàng)可貼

配  by /with the aid of 借助于,通過(guò)……的幫助

例  The girl handed the band-aid tightly held in her hand to the neighbor. 女孩把緊攥在手里的創(chuàng)可貼遞給了鄰居。(2008·武漢)

He should be able to read this without the aid of a dictionary. 他應(yīng)當(dāng)能夠不用字典就讀懂這個(gè)。

aim [e?m ] vi. 瞄準(zhǔn);對(duì)準(zhǔn);致力于;旨在 vt. 把……瞄準(zhǔn);把……對(duì)準(zhǔn) n. 瞄準(zhǔn);對(duì)準(zhǔn)

配  aim at 瞄準(zhǔn),旨在

例  According to the survey, many students were willing to work hard to achieve their aims . 據(jù)調(diào)查,許多學(xué)生都會(huì)為了實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)而努力學(xué)習(xí)。(2012·煙臺(tái))

The Dragon's Heart Foundation aims to meet the needs of poor children and the elderly in the hardest-to-reach areas of the country. 龍之心基金旨在滿(mǎn)足那些在偏遠(yuǎn)、最難企及地區(qū)的貧窮孩子及老人們的需求。(2009·常州)

air [e? ] n. 空氣;氣氛;飛機(jī);航空

拓  airless a. 空氣不流通的

配  by air 乘飛機(jī) in the air 在空中,渺茫的 in the open air 在戶(hù)外,在露天

例  There are so many students here, so we want to keep the air nice and clean. 這里有許多學(xué)生,所以我想讓空氣非常干凈。(2011·襄陽(yáng))

If it had been fine yesterday, we could have watched that air show. 如果昨天天氣好的話(huà),我們本可能會(huì)看航空展覽的。(2011·十堰)

airline [?e?la?n ] n. 航空公司;(飛機(jī))航線(xiàn) a. (飛機(jī))航線(xiàn)的

構(gòu)  air(n. 航空)+line(n. 線(xiàn)路)

例  Mothers today serve as presidents, CEOs, university teachers and airline pilots. 如今,母親們可能當(dāng)總統(tǒng)、執(zhí)行總裁、大學(xué)教授及航空公司飛行員。(2009·河北)

airmail [?e?me?l ] n. 航空郵件

構(gòu)  air(n. 航空)+mail(n. 郵件)

例  Can you tell me how much it cost to send this postcard to New York by airmail ? 你能告訴我用航空郵寄這張明信片要多少錢(qián)嗎?(2011·臺(tái)州)

airplane [?e?ple?n ] n. 〈美〉飛機(jī)

構(gòu)  air(n. 飛機(jī))+plane(n. 飛機(jī))→airplane(飛機(jī))

例  On December 17, 1903, the Wright brothers made the first successful airplane flight on a windy beach at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. 萊特兄弟于1903年12月17日在北卡羅來(lái)納州的基蒂霍克一個(gè)多風(fēng)的海灘成功地試飛了第一架飛機(jī)。(2012·煙臺(tái))

Airplane food changes every season and is very delicious. 飛機(jī)上的飯菜隨季節(jié)而改變而且很美味可口。(2011·青島)

airport [?e?p??t ] n. 航空站,機(jī)場(chǎng)

構(gòu)  air(n. 航空)+port(n. 港口)

例  —Oh, the traffic is so heavy.

—Let's change another route to the airport .

——哦,交通太擁擠。

——我們換別的路線(xiàn)去機(jī)場(chǎng)吧。(2011·連云港)

alive [??la?v ] a. 活著的,存在的

拓  dead a. 死的

alive 表示“活著的”,可以作表語(yǔ)、后置定語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)但不作前置定語(yǔ)

live 作形容詞時(shí),表示“現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的;活著的”,可以作前置定語(yǔ)

lively 表示“生動(dòng)的,活潑的”,可以作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)

living 表示“活著的”,可以作表語(yǔ)或前置定語(yǔ)。

例  The Mangrove Rivulus is a type of fish that can stay alive for months out of water. 紅樹(shù)林鳉是一種小型熱帶魚(yú),能夠脫離水域在陸地上存活數(shù)月。(2011·包頭)

all [??l ] a. 全部的 pron. 全體;(整體中的)每一個(gè);一切 n. 所有的一切

配  all kinds of 各種各樣的

all over 遍布

all right 行,可以

not at all 根本不

in all 總共

例  Nobody teaches me English. I learn it all by myself. 沒(méi)有人教我英語(yǔ),我全部是自學(xué)的。(2011·清遠(yuǎn))

The story is interesting and all of us are interested in it. 這個(gè)故事有趣,我們所有人都對(duì)它感興趣。(2011·銅仁)

allow [??la? ] vt. 允許,準(zhǔn)許;承認(rèn)

拓  permit v. 允許

配  allow for 慮及,體諒

例  Driving after drinking wine isn't allowed in China. 在中國(guó)禁止酒后駕車(chē)。(2011·陜西)

We should allow for unexpected difficulty. 我們應(yīng)考慮到可能出現(xiàn)意想不到的困難。

almost [???lm??st ] ad. 幾乎,差不多

拓  nearly ad. 幾乎

例  —Is Bohai Bridge open to the public yet?

— Yes. It has been open for almost one and a half months.

——渤海大橋?qū)婇_(kāi)放了嗎?

——是的,渤海大橋已經(jīng)被開(kāi)放將近一個(gè)半月了。(2011·阜康)

alone [??l??n ] a. 單獨(dú)的;僅僅(用于名詞或代詞后)ad. 單獨(dú)地

拓  lonely 寂寞的,孤寂的(可用作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ))

配  leave/let…alone 順其自然,不要去管

let alone 更不用說(shuō)

例  His grandparents live alone in a small house, but they don't feel lonely. 他的爺爺奶奶單獨(dú)住在一個(gè)小房子里,但是并不感到孤獨(dú)。(2011·雅安)

along [??l?? ] ad. 向前;和……一起,一同 prep. 沿著,順著

配  all along 始終,一直

along with 與……一道

get along (well) with 進(jìn)展,相處融洽

例  Yesterday evening, I was walking along the street when I suddenly met my maths teacher. 昨天晚上我在街上散步時(shí),遇到了我的數(shù)學(xué)老師。(2011·廣州)

Tom, along with three other boys, was seen playing football a moment ago. 剛才有人看到湯姆和另外三個(gè)小孩在踢足球。(2011·寧夏)

aloud [??la?d ] ad. 大聲地;出聲地

構(gòu)  a(前綴,表示向著,至)+loud(a. 大聲)→aloud(大聲地;出聲地)

拓  loud a. 大聲的,響亮的  ad. 大聲地,響亮地 loudly ad. 大聲地,高聲地

例  Do you read English aloud every day? 你每天大聲讀英語(yǔ)嗎?(2009·寧波)

already [??l?redi ] ad. 已經(jīng)

拓  already表示“已經(jīng)”,其驚訝于某事比預(yù)期發(fā)生得早,在問(wèn)句中表示意外、驚訝的程度更強(qiáng);yet表示“尚(未),已經(jīng)”用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句中,談?wù)搶⒁l(fā)生的事情。

例  —Peter doesn't mind lending you his camera.

—He needn't. I've already borrowed one.

——彼得不介意將他的照相機(jī)借給你。

——不必了。我已經(jīng)借到一架了。(2011·無(wú)錫)

also [???ls?? ] ad. 也

拓  also, too, as well 都有“也,而且”的意思;too 常用于句尾,可用逗號(hào),也可不用;as well 一般置于句末。

配  not only…but also 不但……而且

例  This is my twin sister, Lucy. Not only she but also I am good at drawing. 這是我的孿生姐妹露西,不僅她還有我都擅長(zhǎng)畫(huà)畫(huà)。(2011·綏化)

They can not only watch the games but also take a short trip there. 他們不僅能夠觀看比賽還可以在那里進(jìn)行短途旅行。(2012·溫州)

although [??l?e?? ] conj. 雖然,盡管

拓  although和though用作連詞,都表示“雖然”,兩者大致同義,可換用,只是although比though更為正式;although一般不用作副詞,而though可用作副詞,意為“可是”。

例  They will try their best in the Dragon Boat Racing although they may fail. 在龍舟賽中他們將盡最大的努力,盡管他們可能失敗。(2011·南京)

altogether [???lt??gee? ] ad. 完全地,總而言之

拓  together ad. 一起,共同,協(xié)力

例  Canada and Costa Rica confirmed their first death case on Saturday, so there are altogether 4 countries which have reported confirmed human death cases. 加拿大和哥斯達(dá)黎加在星期六確認(rèn)了他們的第一例死亡病例,由此總共有四個(gè)國(guó)家報(bào)道了已證實(shí)的死亡病例。(2009·煙臺(tái))

always [???lwe?z ] ad. 總是;一直,永遠(yuǎn)

拓  usually ad. 通常

often ad. 經(jīng)常,常常

sometimes ad. 有時(shí),不時(shí)

seldom ad. 很少;不常

never ad. 從來(lái)不、未曾

例  —Miss Zhou is very popular with the students.

—Yes. Her classes are always lively and interesting.

——周老師很受學(xué)生歡迎。

——是的,她的課總是很生動(dòng)有趣。(2011·莆田)

am [?m ] v. be 動(dòng)詞形式之一(第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的現(xiàn)在時(shí))n. 早上,上午;(廣播)調(diào)幅

拓  is v. be 動(dòng)詞形式之一(第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的現(xiàn)在時(shí))

are v. be 動(dòng)詞形式之一(第二人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的現(xiàn)在時(shí),各人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)的現(xiàn)在時(shí))

p.m. 下午,午后

例  I am going to make a special house for my pet pig this weekend. 本周末我打算為我的寵物豬做一個(gè)特別的房子。(2011·株洲)

—Excuse me. Is the library open all day?

—Sorry, I'm afraid not. Only from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m..

——打擾了,請(qǐng)問(wèn)圖書(shū)館是全天開(kāi)放的嗎?

——對(duì)不起,恐怕不是的,開(kāi)放時(shí)間只從上午8點(diǎn)到下午4點(diǎn)。(2011·蘭州)

amazed [??me?zd ] a. 大為驚奇

構(gòu)  amaze(vt. 使吃驚)+(e)d(過(guò)去分詞表示感到)

配  be amazed at/by 對(duì)……感到吃驚

例  At the same time, you'll be amazed to see how much they like you.同時(shí),你會(huì)驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)他們有多么地喜歡你。(2010·哈爾濱)

I was amazed at her ability to cope with the difficult situation. 她對(duì)付困境的能力使我驚訝。

amazing [??me?z?? ] a. 令人驚異的;了不起的;好得驚人的

構(gòu)  amaz(e)(vt. 使吃驚)+ing(現(xiàn)在分詞表示令人)

例  —How amazing the noodle is!

—Yes, it is 1,704 meters long, and breaks the Guinness World Record as the longest handmade noodle.

——這面條太令人驚訝了!

——是的,它有1704米長(zhǎng),作為最長(zhǎng)的手工面條打破了吉尼斯紀(jì)錄。(2011·連云港)

America [??mer?k? ] n. 美國(guó);美洲

例  She used to work in America for three years and is good at doing heart operations. 她過(guò)去在美國(guó)工作了三年,擅長(zhǎng)做心臟手術(shù)。(2012·廣州)

American [??mer?k?n ] a. 美國(guó)的;美國(guó)人的 n. 美國(guó)人

例  Melvin Sheppard, 14, an American student, has done charity work for eight years. 梅爾文·謝普德,一位14歲的美國(guó)學(xué)生已經(jīng)做慈善工作8年了。(2012·大連)

among [??m?? ] prep. 在……中間;在(三個(gè)以上)之間

拓  among 用于“三者或三者以上之間”;between 則用于“兩者之間”

例  The story that I read the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers. 在報(bào)紙上我讀的故事是關(guān)于青少年中的一個(gè)普遍的問(wèn)題。(2012·廣州)

ancestor [??ns?st? ] n. 祖先,祖宗

構(gòu)  ance(前綴表示先,前)+(ce)st(行)+or(人)

拓  descendant n. 后代,后裔

例  She has worshipped her ancestor . 她已拜過(guò)她的祖先。

ancient [?e?n??nt ] a. 古代的,古老的

拓  ancient art 古代藝術(shù)

例  Sometimes, ancient techniques can also help cut down energy use. 有時(shí)候,古老的技術(shù)也可以幫助減少能源消耗。(2011·沈陽(yáng))

and [?nd,?nd ] conj. 和;又;而

配  and so on 等等

例  Factors affecting our attention are personal interest, experience, ability, feelings, knowledge, environment, timing, and so on. 影響我們注意力的因素有個(gè)人興趣、經(jīng)歷、能力、情緒、知識(shí)、環(huán)境和時(shí)機(jī),等等。(2012·深圳)

He has big eyes and a wide mouth. 他有大大的眼睛和一張大嘴。(2011·福州)

angry [???ɡri ] a. 生氣的,發(fā)怒的

構(gòu)  anger(n. 生氣)+y(形容詞后綴,表示多……的)

拓  anger n. 生氣,憤怒 angrily ad. 生氣地;發(fā)怒地

配  be/get angry with sb. (at/about sth.) 對(duì)某人(因某事)而生氣

例  Grandmother got angry with Peter when she saw the paint on the floor. 當(dāng)祖母看到地上的油漆時(shí),她對(duì)彼得生氣了。(2011·上海)

My mom is starting to get really angry about it. 我的母親開(kāi)始對(duì)此事生氣了。(2010·寧夏)

animal [??n?ml ] n. 動(dòng)物

配  wild animal 野生動(dòng)物 rare animal 稀有動(dòng)物

例  In 1998, she set up the Animal Foundation. 1998年,她建立了動(dòng)物基地。(2011·黃岡)

another [??n?e? ] a. 再一的;不同的 pron. 又一個(gè),再一個(gè)

拓  another泛指同類(lèi)事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一個(gè)”,只能代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

other 別的,其他的

the other 指兩個(gè)人或物中的一個(gè)

others 是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式,泛指“另外幾個(gè)”,“其余的”

the others是the other的復(fù)數(shù)形式,意思是“其他東西,其余的人”。

配  one another 彼此,互相

one after another ad. 接連地;一個(gè)接一個(gè)地

例  Wait before you buy that computer. Let's compare prices at another store. 等等再買(mǎi)那臺(tái)電腦,我們?cè)偃チ硪患业瓯容^下價(jià)格吧。(2012·武漢)

The banana pie tastes delicious. Could I have another one? 這個(gè)香蕉派嘗起來(lái)味道很好,我能再要一個(gè)嗎?(2011·濰坊)

answer [?ɑ?ns? ] n. 答復(fù);答案(v. 答復(fù);回信

拓  reply 表示“回答”,較answer正式

配  answer for 對(duì)……負(fù)有責(zé)任

例  The answer is to control your actions and try not to get upset. 答案就是控制你的行為,盡量避免焦慮。(2012·長(zhǎng)沙)

He has read many books on history, so it's easy for him to answer these questions. 他讀了很多歷史方面的書(shū)籍,所以他回答這些問(wèn)題輕而易舉。(2011·陜西)

ant [?nt ] n. 螞蟻

配  have ants in one's pants 坐立不安

例  When you look into an ant hole, who knows how many ants there are? 當(dāng)你向一個(gè)螞蟻窩張望時(shí),誰(shuí)會(huì)知道那里面有多少螞蟻?

any [?eni ] pron. (無(wú)論)哪一個(gè);任何的;(用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句)一些 a. 任何的

拓  表示“任何”意義時(shí),any指三者或三者以上的任何一個(gè),不能指兩者中的任何一個(gè)(指兩者中的任意一個(gè),要用either)。在表示請(qǐng)求或邀請(qǐng)的疑問(wèn)句中,一般要用some,而不用any。如:Why not give her some flowers? 為什么不給她送些花呢?

配  any more 還,更 not any more 不再 not any longer 不再

例  I am out of breath. I can't go any further. 我喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)了,再也無(wú)法向前走了。(2011·常州)

Did you have any problems on your journey? 你在旅途中遇到什么困難了嗎?(2011·無(wú)錫)

anybody [?eni?b?di ] pron. 任何人,無(wú)論誰(shuí)

構(gòu)  any(pron. 任何的)+body(人)

拓  anybody 只能指人,不能指物,且其后一般不能接of短語(yǔ)。若是指物或后接of短語(yǔ),可用any one(分開(kāi)寫(xiě))。

例  I didn't see anybody just sit doing nothing. 我沒(méi)有看見(jiàn)有誰(shuí)無(wú)所事事閑坐。(2011·成都)

If anybody calls, tell them I'm out and ask them to leave their name and addresses. 如果有人來(lái)電話(huà),告訴他們我出去了,請(qǐng)他們留下姓名和地址。(2011·揚(yáng)州)

anymore [?enim?? ] ad. 不再 再也不

拓  anyhow ad. 無(wú)論如何,不管怎么說(shuō)

例  She didn't want to be my best friend anymore . 她再也不想做我最好的朋友了。(2010·武漢)

anyone [?eniw?n ] pron. 任何人

構(gòu)  any(pron. 任何的)+one(人)

拓  anyone只能指人,不能指物,且其后一般不能接of短語(yǔ),與anybody同義;any one既可指人也可指物,常用于特指,后接of短語(yǔ)限制范圍。

例  Anyone who enjoys a difficult game and loves the outdoors should think of taking rock climbing as a new hobby. 任何喜愛(ài)高難度游戲和戶(hù)外運(yùn)動(dòng)的人可能都會(huì)將攀巖當(dāng)成一項(xiàng)新的愛(ài)好。(2011·陜西)

Would anyone be happy if you don't let him go outside his home? 難道有人會(huì)因此開(kāi)心,如果你不讓他出門(mén)?(2011·上海)

anything [?eniθ?? ] pron. 任何事,任何東西

構(gòu)  any(pron. 任何的)+thing(事情)

拓  anything主要用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句及條件句中代替something;用于肯定句中表示“隨便那件事”,something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代詞如有形容詞修飾,形容詞要后置。

配  anything but 除……以外任何事(物),根本不

例  Is there anything special in today's newspaper? 今天報(bào)紙上有什么特別的事嗎?(2011·銅仁)

He knew she would give anything he liked if she could. 他知道她會(huì)盡可能給他所喜歡的任何東西。(2008·成都)

anyway [?eniwe? ] ad. 不管怎樣,無(wú)論如何

拓  anyhow ad. 無(wú)論如何

例  Anyway, when I iron, I think of her and silently thank her for all the things I learned. 無(wú)論如何,當(dāng)我熨衣服的時(shí)候,我都會(huì)想到她,并且默默地感謝她教會(huì)我的一切。(2011·揚(yáng)州)

Don't argue with him. Anyway he loves you. 別和他爭(zhēng)辯,畢竟他是愛(ài)你的。(2011·深圳)

anywhere [?eni?we? ] ad. 任何地方

構(gòu)  any(pron. 任何的)+where(地方)

例  Auckland is called “The city of Sails”because it has more boats than anywhere else in the world. 奧克蘭被稱(chēng)為“帆船之都”,因?yàn)檫@座城市擁有的船只比世界上其他任何一個(gè)地方都要多。(2010·深圳)

We should save water and energy at anytime and anywhere . 我們應(yīng)該隨時(shí)隨地節(jié)水節(jié)能。(2010·青島)

appear [??p?? ] vi. 出現(xiàn);顯得;好像

拓  appearance n. 外貌;外觀;出現(xiàn) disappear vi. 消失

例  In 1968, the first computer mouse appeared in public. 1968年第一只電腦鼠標(biāo)面世。(2012·煙臺(tái))

Every one of us was excited, for in a few minutes we would see Liu Xiang appear on the sports ground. 我們每個(gè)人都很興奮,因?yàn)閹追昼姾笪覀儗?huì)看到劉翔出現(xiàn)在體育場(chǎng)上。(2011·無(wú)錫)

April [?e?pr?l ] n. 4月

拓  April Fool's Day 愚人節(jié)

例  Every year on April 22, Earth Day is celebrated all over the world. 每年的4月22日,世界各地都會(huì)慶祝世界地球日。(2009·青島)

apple [??pl ] n. 蘋(píng)果

配  apple of one's eye 掌上明珠

例  He saw Ben eating an apple happily. 他看見(jiàn)本在開(kāi)心地吃著蘋(píng)果。(2012·鹽城)

—What's your favorite fruit?

— Apples. You know, an apple a day keeps the doctor away.

——你最喜歡的水果是什么?

——蘋(píng)果。你知道的,一日一個(gè)蘋(píng)果讓你遠(yuǎn)離醫(yī)生。(2011·蘇州)

are [ɑ?,? ] v. be的第二人稱(chēng)單數(shù)現(xiàn)在時(shí)及復(fù)數(shù)各人稱(chēng)的現(xiàn)在時(shí)

例  Many scientists think that people are making the Earth warmer by making a greenhouse effect. 一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為,人類(lèi)行為產(chǎn)生的溫室效應(yīng)使得全球氣候變暖。(2010·南寧)

area [?e?r?? ] n. 面積;地區(qū);領(lǐng)域

拓  area通常用于面積可測(cè)量或計(jì)算的地區(qū),強(qiáng)調(diào)面積,不指行政區(qū)劃

region常指地理上有天然界限或具有某種特色(如氣候、自然條件)而自成一個(gè)單位的地區(qū),也可指較大的行政單位

zone通常指地理上的“(地)帶”,尤指圖表上的環(huán)形地帶

district指行政劃分的區(qū),比region小,通常指市鎮(zhèn)內(nèi)的一區(qū)

例  The main reason why pandas are endangered is that the area where pandas can live has become smaller. 熊貓瀕臨滅絕危險(xiǎn)的主要原因是它們生存的區(qū)域越來(lái)越小。(2010·蘭州)

argue [?ɑ?gju? ] vi. 爭(zhēng)論 爭(zhēng)吵

拓  argument n. 爭(zhēng)論,爭(zhēng)吵

配  argue with sb. 與某人爭(zhēng)論

argue about/over sth. 為某事?tīng)?zhēng)論

argue into/out 說(shuō)服某人做(不做)某事

例  They disagreed with each other, so they argued for a long time. 他們各執(zhí)己見(jiàn)于是又爭(zhēng)論了很久。(2010·蘭州)

For years scientists have been arguing about whether nature or nurture decides what people will be like. 究竟是先天遺傳還是后天培養(yǎng)決定了人的一生的這個(gè)問(wèn)題,科學(xué)家們爭(zhēng)論了很多年。(2011·宜昌)

arm [ɑ?m ] n. 臂;(一件)武器;(~s)〈總稱(chēng)〉武器,軍火(v. 以……裝備,武裝起來(lái)

拓  armchair 扶手椅 armed 武裝的;有扶手的

配  arm in arm 手挽手

with open arms 張開(kāi)雙臂;熱情地;親切地

take up arms 拿起武器

例  Tom was so careless that he hurt his right arm when he was riding to school. 湯姆是如此不小心,以致當(dāng)他騎車(chē)去上學(xué)時(shí),傷著了他的右臂。(2011·武漢)

army [?ɑ?mi ] n. 軍隊(duì);陸軍

構(gòu)  arm(n. 武器)+(-y 名詞后綴)→army(軍隊(duì);陸軍)

配  join the army 參軍 an army of 一大群

例  Later the German army found out what Edith had done and they arrested her. 后來(lái)德軍發(fā)現(xiàn)了伊迪絲所做的事情并且逮捕了她。(2011·溫州)

around [??ra?nd ] ad. 在周?chē)?;大約 prep. 在……周?chē)?;環(huán)繞

構(gòu)  a(前綴表示在)+round(a. 圓的 prep. 在……周?chē)?/p>

配  look/walk around 四處看看/逛逛

例  I like traveling and I have traveled a lot around China. 我愛(ài)好旅游,已經(jīng)游覽了中國(guó)很多地方。(2012·廣州)

arrive [??ra?v ] vi. 到達(dá);達(dá)到

拓  arrival n. 到來(lái),到達(dá)

配  arrive at 達(dá)成,得出 arrive in/at 到達(dá)

例  — I wonder if we will arrive at the meeting on time.

—I'm afraid we'll be late.

——我懷疑我們是否能按時(shí)到會(huì)。

——恐怕我們會(huì)遲到。(2011·青島)

The importance is placed on how to arrive at an answer and not only to get the correct answer. 重點(diǎn)在于找尋答案的過(guò)程而不僅僅滿(mǎn)足于結(jié)果。(2006·南京)

art [ɑ?t ] n. 藝術(shù),美術(shù)

拓  artist n. 藝術(shù)家

配  Bachelor of Arts 文學(xué)學(xué)士

Master of Arts 文學(xué)碩士

例  It was impossible to send both of them to study at the art college at the same time. 同時(shí)送他們倆去藝術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)是不可能的。(2009·寧波)

In a classroom in any countries, the teacher teaches more than art or history or language. 任何國(guó)家的教師在課堂上更多的是傳授藝術(shù)、歷史或語(yǔ)言。(2006·南京)

article [?ɑ?t?kl ] n. 文章;物品;冠詞

配  article by article 逐條

例  Can you imagine that we've translated 30% of the long article today? 你相信嗎?我們今天就已經(jīng)把這篇長(zhǎng)的文章翻譯了30%。(2009·宜昌)

artist [?ɑ?t?st ] n. 畫(huà)家 藝術(shù)家

構(gòu)  art(n. 藝術(shù))+ist(名詞后綴表示人)

例  Your parents want you to be an artist , don't they? 你父母想要你成為一位畫(huà)家,是嗎?(2012·重慶)

as [?z,?z ] ad. & conj. 像……一樣,如同;因?yàn)椤rep. 作為,當(dāng)作

配  as…as(用于比較)與……一樣

as soon as 一……就

as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上

as a result 結(jié)果

as if 仿佛,好像

as long as 只要,和……一樣長(zhǎng)

as far as I know 據(jù)我所知

as well 也

as well as 和……一樣好,連同,和

例  My birthday is coming. Dale will send me an e-dog as my birthday present. 我的生日就要到了,戴爾將送我一只電子狗作為我的生日禮物。(2011·內(nèi)江)

Wow, your new bicycle looks the same as Mine. 哇,你的新自行車(chē)看起來(lái)跟我的一樣。(2011·安順)

Asia [?e??? ] n. 亞洲

例  There are rainforests in many parts of the world but the biggest forests are in South America, Africa and South East Asia . 世界上許多地方都有熱帶雨林,然而最大的熱帶雨林位于南美洲、非洲和東南亞。(2012·鹽城)

Asian [?e???n,?e???n ] a. 亞洲的;亞洲人的 n. 亞洲人

構(gòu)  Asia(n. 亞洲)+n(人)

例  Asian company names are not new to the United States. 亞洲公司名稱(chēng)對(duì)美國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō)并不陌生。(2012·北京)

ask [ɑ?sk ] v. 問(wèn);請(qǐng)求,要求

拓  ask表示要求,它有待答復(fù)并且是肯定答復(fù)的含義

demand表示需求、要求時(shí)包含有強(qiáng)硬的意味

配  ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事

ask sb. for sth. 向某人索要

ask for 向……要求

例  My father asked me to sit next to him and he handed me this watch as a gift. 父親要我挨著他坐,他給我這塊手表作為禮物。(2012·煙臺(tái))

When you have difficulty, do remember to ask for help. Two heads are better than one. 當(dāng)你有困難時(shí)要記得尋求幫助。兩人智慧勝一人。(2011·德州)

asleep [??sli?p ] a. 睡著的,熟睡的

構(gòu)  a(在)+sleep(n. 睡眠)

拓  awake a. 醒的

配  fall asleep 入睡

例  — Have you ever seen the movie called Los Angles 2011 ?

— Yes, but I think it's boring. I fell asleep when I saw it.

——你看過(guò)電影《洛杉磯之戰(zhàn)2011》嗎?

——是的,我認(rèn)為它很無(wú)趣。當(dāng)時(shí)我都睡著了。(2011·廣東)

assistant [??s?st?nt ] n. 助手,助理,商店店員

構(gòu)  assist(v. 幫助)+ant(名詞后綴,表示人)

拓  assistance n. 援助,幫助

例  The assistant won't let you enter the cinema if you haven't a ticket. 如果你沒(méi)有票,檢票員不會(huì)讓你進(jìn)電影院的。(2011·肇慶)

He would punish(懲罰)the assistant for having destroyed his painting. 他會(huì)懲罰這位助理因?yàn)闅Я怂漠?huà)。(2009·煙臺(tái))

astronaut [??str?n??t ] n. 宇航員

構(gòu)  astro(名詞前綴,表宇宙,星,天體)+naut(詞根,表航行)

例  I wonder what it is like to be an astronaut . 我想知道作為一名宇航員是什么樣子的。(2011·沈陽(yáng))

at [?t ] prep. 在(幾點(diǎn)鐘);在(某處)

配  at once 立刻,馬上

at the same time 同時(shí)

at least 至少

at most 至多

例  You can see million of stars if you go out at night. 如果你晚上出去的話(huà),你可以看到很多的星星。(2011·河源)

I think it very important for students to study by themselves in the school or at home. 我認(rèn)為學(xué)生在學(xué)校或家里自學(xué)是很重要的。(2011·永州)

athlete [??θli?t ] n. 運(yùn)動(dòng)員

拓  athletic a. 強(qiáng)壯的,擅長(zhǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的,體育的

athletics n. 運(yùn)動(dòng)

例  Chinese athletes did a great job in the Winter Olympics in Canada.在加拿大冬奧會(huì)上中國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)員表現(xiàn)非常出色。(2010·昆明)

athletic [?θ?let?k ] a. 強(qiáng)壯的,擅長(zhǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的,體育的

構(gòu)  athlet(e)(n. 運(yùn)動(dòng)員)+ic(形容詞后綴)

拓  athletics n. 運(yùn)動(dòng)

athlete n. 運(yùn)動(dòng)員

例  John is an athletic boy. 約翰體魄健壯。

attention [??ten?n ] n. 注意(力)

構(gòu)  attent(a. 注意的,留意的)+ion(名詞后綴)

配  pay attention to 注意

attract/draw one's attention 引起某人注意

例  It's time for us to pay attention to the differences between cultures, I think. 我認(rèn)為,是到了我們關(guān)注文化差異的時(shí)候了。(2011·包頭)

attract [??tr?kt ] vt. 吸引

拓  attractive a. 吸引人的,有魅力的

attraction n. 吸引,吸引力,有吸引力的人或物

例  This is why a country such as Thailand attracts millions of people. 這就是為什么像泰國(guó)這樣的國(guó)家能吸引數(shù)百萬(wàn)人。(2008·成都)

attraction [??tr?k?n ] n. 吸引,吸引力,有吸引力的人或物

構(gòu)  attract(vt. 吸引)+tion(名詞后綴)

拓  attract vt. 吸引 attractive a. 吸引人的,有魅力的

例  It is a nation's history and culture that are the main attractions . 這個(gè)國(guó)家的歷史和文化是主要吸引大家的地方。(2008·成都)

August [???ɡ?st ] n. 八月

例  The 30th Olympic Games will be held in London from July 27 to August 12 this summer. 第30屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)將于今年夏天7月27日至8月12日在倫敦舉行。(2012·溫州)

aunt [ɑ?nt ] n. 姨;姑;嬸母;舅母

拓  uncle n. 叔;伯;舅

例  My aunt is a writer. She has written more than ten books since 1980. 我阿姨是個(gè)作家,她從1980年到現(xiàn)在寫(xiě)了超過(guò)10本書(shū)。(2011·北京)

Australia [???stre?lj? ] n. 澳洲,澳大利亞

例  In America, the UK, Australia and many other countries, Mother's Day is on the second Sunday in May and Father's Day is usually on the third Sunday in June. 在美國(guó)、英國(guó)、澳大利亞和其他一些國(guó)家,母親節(jié)在五月的第二個(gè)星期天,父親節(jié)通常是六月的第三個(gè)星期天。(2010·大連)

Australian [??stre?lj?n ] a. 澳洲的;澳洲人的 n. 澳洲人

構(gòu)  Australia(n. 澳洲,澳大利亞)+n(后綴表示人)

例  Follow Your Heart by Australian writer Andrew Matthews tells us that making our dreams real is life's biggest challenge. 由澳大利亞作家安德魯·馬修斯所著的《追隨你的心》這本書(shū)告訴我們,使我們的夢(mèng)想成真是人生最大的挑戰(zhàn)。(2012·煙臺(tái))

autumn [???t?m ] n. 秋,秋季

例  At that time, a week-long fair was held in the town every autumn . 那時(shí),每年秋天鎮(zhèn)上都會(huì)舉行一周的會(huì)議。(2012·溫州)

available [??ve?l?bl ] a. 可取得的,可利用的

構(gòu)  avail(v. 有用)+able(形容詞后綴)

例  Language Centre needs experienced teachers for its new English teaching program. PT/FT(兼/專(zhuān)職)positions available . 語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)中心全新英語(yǔ)課程招聘有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的教師。專(zhuān)兼職均可。(2009·河北)

avenue [??v?nju? ] n. 林蔭道,道路,大街,大道

拓  revenue n. 收入 street n. 大街

例  I'd like to write to a Chinese girl to practice Chinese and want to know more about Chinese culture. Please write to me: Cathy, Flat 4, 105 Fifth Avenue , New York, U.S. 我想給中國(guó)女孩寫(xiě)信來(lái)練習(xí)漢語(yǔ)和了解更多中國(guó)文化。請(qǐng)與我通信。美國(guó)紐約第五大道105號(hào),4號(hào)公寓,凱西收。(2009·長(zhǎng)春)

avoid [??v??d ] vt. 避免,逃避

拓  escape v. 逃避;逃脫

配  avoid doing 避免做某事

例  What I really needed to learn at school was how to make polite conversations, or how to avoid getting into debt or how to develop good personality. 在學(xué)校我真正應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)的,是如何禮貌地與人交談或者如何避免欠債以及養(yǎng)成好的性格。(2012·北京)

awake [??we?k ] a. 醒著的(v. 喚醒;醒來(lái)

構(gòu)  a(前綴)+wake(醒來(lái))

拓  asleep a. 睡著的

配  stay awake 保持清醒

例  He has trouble getting to sleep at night and usually stay awake till 2 am. 他晚上很難入睡,經(jīng)常到了兩點(diǎn)還是清醒的。(2012·廣州)

award [??w??d ] n. 獎(jiǎng),獎(jiǎng)品,獎(jiǎng)狀

拓  award的“獎(jiǎng)品”是因優(yōu)點(diǎn)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)或授予的東西,后可接雙賓語(yǔ)award sb. sth.

reward“報(bào)答,報(bào)償,獎(jiǎng)賞”,多指對(duì)某人的工作或服務(wù)等的報(bào)答reward sb. with sth.

配  academy award奧斯卡金像獎(jiǎng);學(xué)院獎(jiǎng)(美國(guó)電影藝術(shù)科學(xué)院頒發(fā)的年度獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng))

award ceremony 頒獎(jiǎng)儀式,頒獎(jiǎng)典禮

例  You have been awarded a scholarship to study violin at our School of Music. 你已經(jīng)被授予了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金,在我們音樂(lè)學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)小提琴。(2010·蘭州)

On April 21, the girl won Best New Performer(演員)at the Hong Kong Film Awards for her play in CJ7 . 4月21日,這個(gè)女孩憑借在 CJ7中的出色表演贏得了香港電影金像獎(jiǎng)最佳新人獎(jiǎng)。(2009·重慶)

away [??we? ] ad. 向遠(yuǎn)處;離開(kāi);向另一方向

配  break away 突然離開(kāi);破除,脫離

give away 贈(zèng)送;分發(fā)

go away 離去,出去

put away 放好,把……收拾起來(lái),存(錢(qián))以備它日之用

right away 立即,馬上

run away 逃走,離開(kāi)

stay away (from) 不在家,外出

take away 拿走,帶走,奪去,使離去

throw away 扔掉,浪費(fèi)

例  The naughty boy ran into the garden and frightened the little cat away . 這淘氣的男孩跑到花園將小貓嚇跑了。(2012·鹽城)

Whose home is the farthest away from school in our class? 我們班里誰(shuí)家離學(xué)校最遠(yuǎn)?(2011·貴港)

awful [???f ] a. 恐懼的,可怕的,極壞的,糟糕的

構(gòu)  awe(n. 敬畏)+ful(形容詞后綴表示多的)

拓  awfully ad. 可怕地;十分;非常

例  You said you had a good vacation but you had an awful time! 你說(shuō)過(guò)你假期很棒,實(shí)際卻過(guò)得很糟糕?。?012·黃石)


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