[沖刺中考]英語閱讀與填空：18-Wednesday 海水淡化 302詞

18-Wednesday 海水淡化 302詞

題材： 海水淡化　 詞數(shù)： 302　 建議閱讀時間： 6分鐘

閱讀下面的短文，回答問題。

Symi is a small island of Greece．Very little rain falls on the island．The people there tried their best to save every drop．But there had never been enough water for their needs，and they had to buy water．The water was carried there by ship．Now the island has its own“water factory”．The factory can change salt water from the sea into fresh water．

Right in the centre of the town are some long ponds．Each pond is covered with a low plastic tent．At night sea water is pumped into the ponds．During the day the hot sun shines through the tents．The sunlight turns the sea water into vapour．The vapour rises from the ponds and salt is left behind．When the vapour reaches the tents，it turns into many small drops of water．Then they run together and turn into big ones．These big drops of water run down the sides of the tents，filling the big bottles with fresh water．The salt left behind in the ponds is washed out each night．Then more sea water is pumped in．The factory is ready for the next day's work．

Symi's way of turning salt water into fresh water does not cost much．The factory is easy to build and costs little．Sea water and sunlight cost nothing．To the poor people on the island，this new way seems wonderful．Now they don't have to spend much money on fresh water any longer．

Many places in the world are in great need of fresh water．People are trying to find ways to turn salt water into fresh water．In some places，the sun is not hot enough，or it does not shine every day．In such places，people use other ways．For example，by boiling sea water，a lot of fresh water can be made quickly．But it costs much more money．In small hot places，it is better to use Symi's way，for it gives the most fresh water for the least money.

生詞

Greece　n． 希臘（歐洲東南部國家）

plastic　n． 塑料：These spoons are made of plastic．這些湯匙是塑料的。

pump　n． 泵 v． 用泵抽：We pumped the basement dry．我們把地下室的積水抽干了。/The doctor pumped the poison out of the child's stomach．醫(yī)生將孩子胃中的毒液抽吸出來。

vapo(u)r　n． 蒸氣：water vapour水蒸氣/vapour pressure氣壓

1．What did the people in Symi have to do before the water factory was built？

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2．What is each pond covered with？

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3．Why aren't metal tents used instead of plastic ones？

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4．When is the salt left in the ponds washed out？

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5．Why don't the people have to spend much money on fresh water any longer？

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6．Where can people use Symi's way？

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參考譯文

錫米是希臘的一座小島。該島的降水極少。生活在那里的人們盡量節(jié)約每一滴水。但還是無法滿足他們的需要，所以他們必須買水。水通過船只運(yùn)送到那里。現(xiàn)在，這座島嶼有了自己的“水廠”，水廠可以把海里的咸水轉(zhuǎn)化成淡水。

在鎮(zhèn)子的中央有一些長形的水池。每個水池上方都覆有低矮的塑料棚。夜里，海水被抽進(jìn)水池；白天，強(qiáng)烈的陽光透過塑料棚。陽光把海水轉(zhuǎn)化為水蒸氣。池中的水蒸氣上升，鹽分留在池子里。當(dāng)水蒸氣抵達(dá)塑料棚時，就變成許多小水滴。小水滴流到一起，匯成大水滴。這些大水滴從塑料棚的兩邊流下，裝進(jìn)放置淡水的大瓶子里。留在池中的鹽分每晚都被沖走。然后新的海水再被抽進(jìn)來。水廠開始準(zhǔn)備第二天的工作。

錫米把咸水轉(zhuǎn)化成淡水的方法花費(fèi)得不多。水廠容易建設(shè)且費(fèi)用低廉，海水和陽光是免費(fèi)的。對島上的窮人來說，這種新方法似乎太好了?，F(xiàn)在，他們不用花多少錢就可以用上淡水了。

世界上的許多地方都極度缺乏淡水。人們正在想盡辦法把咸水轉(zhuǎn)化為淡水。在某些地方，太陽光不夠強(qiáng)烈，或者不是每天都有太陽。在這樣的地方，人們可以使用其他方法。比如，通過燒煮海水的方法以迅速制取大量淡水。但這種方法花費(fèi)巨大。在地域狹小、氣候炎熱的地方，使用錫米島的辦法就比較好，因?yàn)樗宰钚〉拇鷥r制取了最多的淡水。

參考答案

Wednesday 1．To save every raindrop．　2．A low plastic tent．　3．Because sunlight can't go through metal tents．　4．Each night．　5．Because the way （of turning salt water into fresh water）does not cost much．　6．In small hot places.