[沖刺中考]英語閱讀與填空：2-Thursday 發(fā)明 191詞

2-Thursday 發(fā)明 191詞

題材： 發(fā)明　 詞數(shù)： 191　 建議閱讀時間： 4分鐘

閱讀下面的短文，回答問題。

The Zipper is a wonderful invention．How did people ever live without zippers？They are very common，so we forget that they are wonderful．They are very strong，but they open and close very easily．They come in many colors and sizes．

In the 1890s，people in the United States wore high shoes with a long row of buttons．Women's clothes often had rows of buttons too．People wanted an easier way to put on and take off clothes．

Whitcomb L．Judson invented the zipper in 1893．He was an engineer in Chicago．He called the zipper a slide fastener．However，it didn't stay closed very well．This was embarrassing，and people didn't buy many of them．Then Dr．Gideon Sundback from Sweden solved this problem．

A zipper has three parts．1）There are dozens of metal or plastic hooks （called teeth）in two rows．2）These are fastened to two strips of cloth．The cloth strips are flexible．They bend easily．3）A fastener slides along and fastens the hooks together．When it slides the other way，it takes the hooks apart．

Dr．Sundback put the hooks on the strips of cloth．The cloth holds all the hooks in place．They don't come apart very easily．This solved the problem of the first zippers.

生詞

row　n． （人或物）排，行：The examination took place in a large room filled with rows of desks．考試是在一間有許多排課桌的房間里舉行的。

button　n． 紐扣：This shirt is too tight．I can't fasten the buttons．這件襯衫太瘦，扣不上扣子。

fasten　v． 扣??；拴牢；系緊；黏上：Please fasten your seat-belts．請系好安全帶。/Could you fasten this suitcase for me？可不可以替我把衣箱鎖好？‖fastener　n． 把東西固定在一起的物件（如紐扣、拉鏈、插銷等）

hook　n． 鉤（狀物）：Hang your coat on the hook．把你的外衣掛在鉤上。

flexible　adj． 易彎曲的，有彈性的：Dancers need to be flexible．跳舞的人身體要柔軟易屈。

strip　n． 狹條，條狀：a strip of land長條狀土地/a strip of paper紙條

1．Why do we forget that zippers are wonderful？

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2．What kind of shoes did Americans wear in the 1890s？

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3．Why were the first zippers embarrassing？

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4．What part of the zipper is flexible？

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5．What did Dr．Sundback do to make zippers better？

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參考譯文

拉鏈是一項神奇的發(fā)明。沒有拉鏈的時候，人們該怎樣生活？但現(xiàn)在它們太常見了，以至于我們忘掉了它們的神奇。它們非常結(jié)實，但開合自如。它們的色彩和大小都很豐富。

19世紀90年代，美國人穿的長統(tǒng)靴上有一長排紐扣。婦女的服裝上通常也有數(shù)排紐扣。人們想找到一種穿脫都很方便的方法。

惠特康·L．賈德森于1893年發(fā)明了拉鏈。他是芝加哥的工程師。他把拉鏈叫做滑動緊固件。然而，這種東西并不很牢，容易出現(xiàn)尷尬的場面，所以買的人不多。后來，瑞典的吉登·桑德拜克醫(yī)生解決了這個問題。

拉鏈有3部分。1）有數(shù)十個金屬或塑料鉤子（叫做“齒”）排成兩列。2）這些齒被固定在兩根布條上。布條有彈性。它們?nèi)菀讖澢?）一只拉頭朝一邊滑動時就把這些鉤子固定在一起。當它反向滑動時，再把鉤子分開。

桑德拜克醫(yī)生把鉤子固定在布條上。布就把所有鉤子的位置確定了。它們不容易分開，這就解決了第一種拉鏈的問題。

參考答案

Thursday 1．They are very common．　2．High shoes with a long row of buttons.　3．They didn't stay closed very well．　4．The cloth strips.　5．He put the hooks on strips of cloth.