劉文勇GRE寫作百日題庫 Day 62

Day 62 Leaders are created by the demands that are placed on them

Leaders are created by the demands that are placed on them.

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

五問：

（1）你能說說哪些人、哪些職位屬于“ leader”嗎？請(qǐng)說得具體一些，最好詳細(xì)地描述某個(gè)歷史上著名的領(lǐng)袖人物。例如：微軟公司的創(chuàng)始人比爾·蓋茨（ Bill Gates）帶領(lǐng)人們進(jìn)入 PC時(shí)代；開國(guó)領(lǐng)袖毛澤東（ Chairman Mao）領(lǐng)導(dǎo)中國(guó)人民建立了中華人民共和國(guó)；美國(guó)前總統(tǒng)羅斯福頒布新政，把美國(guó)從經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退中挽救回來。

（2）一般來說，領(lǐng)袖需要具備哪些特質(zhì)？例如：非凡的智慧、堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的性格、過人的膽識(shí)、強(qiáng)大的號(hào)召力、為人民服務(wù)的熱情等。這些特質(zhì)是天生的嗎？抑或是通過后天努力而獲得的？總的來說，你認(rèn)為每一個(gè)人都能夠成為領(lǐng)袖嗎？

（3）時(shí)勢(shì)造英雄，還是英雄造時(shí)勢(shì)？以上兩句話體現(xiàn)了怎樣的因果關(guān)系？你對(duì)這種因果關(guān)系是如何評(píng)價(jià)的？或者說，這兩者之間是互為因果的關(guān)系嗎？

（4）優(yōu)秀的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)會(huì)一直保持優(yōu)秀嗎？哪些因素可能會(huì)影響這一切？例如：決策失誤、利益誘惑、輿論影響等。

（5）人們總能知道自己所需的一切嗎？是否可能存在人民群眾需要但卻不知道自己需要的事物，需要一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者指引并且?guī)ьI(lǐng)他們?nèi)ふ?，從而滿足人們的需要，譬如，環(huán)境保護(hù)。

翻譯練習(xí)：

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者產(chǎn)生于當(dāng)特定條件使一個(gè)人的能力得到充分發(fā)揮（ give full play to）的時(shí)候。此處涉及兩個(gè)前提條件：有能力的人以及能夠展示他們能力的舞臺(tái)。因此，盡管其他很多人同樣出生在外敵入侵的時(shí)代，都沒有成為中國(guó)的最高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，而毛澤東本人如果出生在另一個(gè)時(shí)期，或許也不會(huì)同樣偉大。

參考答案：

Leaders are created when specific conditions can give full play to one's capabilities. Two prerequisites are involved here: people who are capable and a stage to display their capabilities. Therefore, many other people, though born in the same time of foreign invasion, did not become the top leader of China, and Chairman Mao himself would not be as great as he was if born in another time period.