演講MP3+雙語文稿:不會英語會妨礙氣候保護(hù)？

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聽力課堂TED音頻欄目主要包括TED演講的音頻MP3及中英雙語文稿，供各位英語愛好者學(xué)習(xí)使用。本文主要內(nèi)容為演講MP3+雙語文稿:不會英語會妨礙氣候保護(hù)？，希望你會喜歡！

【主講人】Sophia Kianni

Sophia Kianni 是聯(lián)合國氣候顧問，也是非營利組織Climate Cardinals的創(chuàng)始人。創(chuàng)辦這一組織的目的在于，讓不講英語的人更易獲得氣候相關(guān)的資源。

【演講主題】Language shouldn't be a barrier to climate action

大多數(shù)科學(xué)文獻(xiàn)都用英語寫成，而世界上75%的人都不講英語，這給他們帶來了極大的知識鴻溝。這對氣候變化來說是一個大問題，因為人們很難對根本不了解事情采取行動。Climate Cardinals是一個國際青年領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的非營利組織，致力于讓人們更易參與氣候運(yùn)動?；顒蛹?、社會企業(yè)家Sophia Kianni正將關(guān)鍵氣候資源翻譯、整理成100多種語言，以促進(jìn)氣候知識在全球范圍內(nèi)的傳播。這是一場旨在突破障礙的演講，我們需要共同努力來保護(hù)地球未來。

【中英文稿】

At just 12 years old, I witnessed the devastating impact pollution was having on Iran, my parents' home country. On one of my summer visits, I witnessed smog so heavy it completely blanketed the air, obscuring the stars I wanted to trace out of the night sky. I decided to read more about climate change in Iran, and I became increasingly alarmed, particularly when I learned the fact that temperatures in the Middle East were rising more than twice the global average. Armed with this knowledge, I decided to confront my relatives. But I was shocked when they informed me that they knew almost nothing about climate change.

我在年僅12歲時親眼目睹環(huán)境污染對我父母的家鄉(xiāng)，伊朗，帶來的毀滅性禍害。有一個暑假，我回了鄉(xiāng)，而我親眼看見那濃厚的霧霾籠罩著大氣，煙霧遮蓋著天上的星星。我決定加深對伊朗氣候變化問題的了解，而我越來越關(guān)注此事，尤其是當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)中東的氣溫正在猛烈上升，上升率超于全球平均的兩倍。我決定帶著這信息面對我的親戚。然而，他們的回復(fù)使我無比震驚。他們告訴我，他們對氣候變化幾乎沒有任何認(rèn)知。

So I began to dig into the lack of climate education in Iran, and I found a study that read only five percent of Iranian students could properly explain the greenhouse gas effect. As I continued to scour the internet for more information, I began to connect the dots. From what I could see, there was a severe lack of climate resources available in Farsi, Iran's native language.

就這樣，我開始研究伊朗缺乏對氣候變化的教育一事，并且發(fā)現(xiàn)了一篇報道，報道論述：只有5%的伊朗學(xué)生能正確地解釋溫室氣體效應(yīng)的因由。我繼續(xù)在網(wǎng)上搜尋更多的信息，并開始把各重點連系起來。據(jù)我的觀察顯示，波斯語，伊朗的官方語言，嚴(yán)重缺乏有關(guān)氣候的資料。

Now, I was still determined to educate my relatives, so I decided to work with my mom to translate climate resources into Farsi so I could teach my aunts and uncles about how climate-change-induced disasters were impacting millions of Iranians. As I watched my relatives read my translations, I had never been happier to see fear plastered all over their faces --

為了教育我的親戚，我決定與母親合力把氣候相關(guān)的資料翻譯成波斯語，希望能夠增進(jìn)我的叔叔姨姨，對于伊朗氣候危機(jī)的影響的認(rèn)知?？粗业挠H戚們閱讀我的譯文，看著他們恐懼的眼神，我從來沒有如此快樂過。

because reading my translations had succeeded in convincing them that climate change was a real and pressing threat.

因為通過閱讀我的譯文，他們終于被我說服了：氣候變化是個真實的、緊急的危機(jī)。

Now, my story is anecdotal. But the fact that the vast majority of scientific research is only available in English is a big problem when it comes to climate change ...

我的故事只是個小軼事。然而，眾大部份的科學(xué)研究項目只提供英語版的內(nèi)容，當(dāng)談到氣候變化一事，這是個重大的問題……

because most people in the world don't speak English. In fact, 75 percent of them do not speak English at all. Yet, according to a 2012 study on Scopus, the world's largest database for peer-reviewed journals, 80 percent of articles are written entirely in English. Even the United Nations' IPCC report, widely regarded as one of the most renowned pieces of climate literature in the world, is only officially available in the six UN languages: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish. But these are languages that account for less than half of the world's speaking population. Meaning, the majority of people on our planet are unable to understand the documents and agreements being issued by the world's highest international political body. This lack of easily accessible documents and resources leads to misinformation and low public interest around tackling issues such as climate change.

因為世界上的絕大部份人不會說英語。事實上，世界上75%的人完全不懂說英語。但是Scopus,全球最大的同齡評審期刊數(shù)據(jù)庫，在2012年的一項考查指出，他們八成的文章是完完全全用英語寫的。就連世界上最著名的氣候文獻(xiàn)之一，聯(lián)合國的IPCC報告，也只被官方譯成了六種聯(lián)合國語言：阿拉伯語、中文、英語、法語、俄語及西班牙語。不過，說這六種語言的人只占了世界人口少于一半的數(shù)量。這意味著地球上的大部份人無法看明白世界的最高國際政治機(jī)構(gòu)所發(fā)布的文件及協(xié)議。這些易于掌握的文件、資源的不足，造成了信息的誤傳，以及減低了公眾對氣候保育的興趣。

In fact, just six years ago, 40 percent of adults in the world had never heard of climate change. Let me repeat that. Two out of five adults had never heard of climate change. When looking at specific regions where this problem lies, we can see that multiple studies have found, in Africa, there was a severe lack of climate education and curriculum available in Africa’s Indigenous and local languages. This lack of information only hurts those who need access to it the most. In countries such as Japan and the Philippines, climate change has worsened typhoons and disrupted agricultural industries. In these and the other 10 countries worst impacted by climate change, only one, Canada, is a majority English-speaking.

其實，僅僅六年前，世界上40%的成年人從來沒有聽過「氣候變化」一詞。我再重復(fù)一次。五分之二的成年人從沒有聽過「氣候變化」。若我們仔細(xì)看著這問題的所在地，我們可見，多項研究已發(fā)現(xiàn)非洲嚴(yán)重缺乏一些被譯成本土語言的氣候教育資源及課程。這信息的不足，往往只會對一些最有需要的人造成最大的影響。氣候變化在日本、菲律賓等國家，惡化了臺風(fēng)的狀況，擾亂了農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)。在這十二個最被氣候變化影響的國家當(dāng)中，只有一個：加拿大，是個以英語為主要語言的國家。

Languages remain a significant barrier to the global transfer of scientific knowledge -- be it through the press, through schools or through political processes. In an effort to close the climate translation gap, I decided to start Climate Cardinals, and international youth-led nonprofit working to make climate education more accessible to those who don't speak English. We work with over 8,000 bilingual student volunteers who translate climate information in exchange for community service hours. In just over a year, we've translated hundreds of thousands of words of climate information into over 100 languages, including Yoruba, Somali, Swahili and Gujarati. If a ragtag group of teenagers that congregate through social media can do this work, imagine the impact that a concentrated effort by governments, scientists and policymakers would have. Groups of people that are being disproportionately affected by climate change deserve to have access to the resources they need to make sense of these disasters that are destroying their communities.

語言至今仍是個重大的屏障，阻隔著全球科學(xué)知識的傳授—不論是通過媒體、通過學(xué)校，或是通過政治程序。為了縮少語言障礙為氣候行動帶來的缺口，我決定開創(chuàng)「Climate Cardinals」，「Climate Cardinals」是一個國際、青年主導(dǎo)的非營利組織，我們立志把氣候行動的教育，擴(kuò)展到不懂英語的社群。我們的團(tuán)隊有著超過8000個雙語學(xué)生義工，他們合力把氣候信息翻譯成不同語言，以換來小區(qū)服務(wù)時數(shù)。在僅僅一年的時間，我們成功翻譯了成千上萬的氣候信息，被翻譯的語言超過100個，包括約魯巴語、索馬里語、斯瓦希里語，及古吉拉特語。如果就連一群衣衫不整、聚集在社交媒體的年輕人也有能力作出如此貢獻(xiàn)，試想想各國政府、科學(xué)家及政策制定者集合起來的影響力，會多么宏大。這些被氣候變化影響深遠(yuǎn)的群眾，絕對有權(quán)利使用到他們需要的資源，以助他們理解這些正在摧毀他們家園的災(zāi)難。

The more people are informed about the climate crisis, the greater chance we have to coordinate collective efforts in protection of the future of our planet. Because every single person in the world, every single person in this room, has the power to further climate action.

認(rèn)識氣候危機(jī)的人越多，我們集合的力量就越大，共同保護(hù)我們家園的未來。因為世界上的每一個人，這房間內(nèi)的每一個人，也有能力去推動氣候行動。

So we must engage people from every country, young and old, to join the fight for climate justice.

因此，我們要把世界各地的人團(tuán)結(jié)在一起，不論老幼，一起去爭取氣候正義。

English cannot be the barrier to entry.

我們不能把「懂英語」當(dāng)成入場券。

Thank you.

謝謝。