英國語文第五冊(雙語):格陵蘭島(3)

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LESSON 23 Greenland(II)

第二十三課 格陵蘭島（二）

The kayak, or man's boat, has a canoe-shaped frame work, from eighteen to twenty feet in length, tapering to a point at the head and stern, so that it is shaped like a weaver's shuttle. The breadth at the centre is from one foot and a half to two feet, and the depth about one foot. The interior of the vessel is hollowed just enough to allow a person to sit with his feet extended on the bottom; and as each man is his own boatbuilder, it is always constructed with a nice adaptation to his particular size and weight. When completed, the whole weight of the vessel is not more than sixty pounds, and it can be easily carried on the head without the assistance of the hands.

愛斯基摩人的小皮艇，或者說男式小艇，有著獨木舟一樣的框架結構，長度約18~20英尺，船頭、船尾都是尖頭的，因此，它的形狀就像織布的梭子。船的中間寬度大約1·5~2英尺，深度大約1英尺。船體內(nèi)部是中空的，只能容一個人坐在里面，腳可以伸到船的一頭；而且，由于每個人都是自己的船的建造者，所以每艘小艇都按照主人的特定大小和體重而量身定制。完工時，小艇的總重量不會超過60磅，不用借助于手的幫助，人們便可輕松地將它頂在頭上搬運。

In front of the kayaker lies his line, rolled up on a little raised seat made for it; and behind him rests his seal-skin bladder—an air-tight sack, which is always kept inflated and fastened to the sealing-line. This is said to answer the double purpose of a buoy and a brake or drag to retard the motion of the prey after it has been struck. The doublebladed oar or paddle is about seven feet in length. It is made of solid red deal, if that can be procure, with inlaid bone at the sides. The kayak is covered with new seal-skin once a year, and is so expeditious and convenient that the Danish authorities of Greenland use this kind of boat as an express for communication between different posts.

皮艇前方有繩子卷在為其特制的突起小座上；后面有一個海豹皮做的氣囊——一個密封袋，一直充滿著氣，并被固定在密封線上。據(jù)說，它起到了救生圈和剎車的雙重作用，或者說具備了在小艇被撞擊后可以延緩船尾的獵物移動這一功能。雙葉槳大約有七英尺長，由實心紅衫木制成（如果可以得到的話），兩邊鑲嵌著魚骨。皮艇每年都要重新包一次海豹皮，由于它非常方便迅捷，丹麥格陵蘭當局把它作為各地通信的最主要便捷工具。

The oomiak, or woman's boat, is usually about twenty feet long, five feet broad, and three feet deep. It is sometimes built so as to accommodate twenty persons. It is made of slender laths, fastened with whalebone, and covered with dressed sealskin. These boats are generally managed by three or four women together; and in fair weather they row them very rapidly. In any danger, a man with his kayak keeps them in sight, to aid them if required.

愛斯基摩人的木框皮艇，或是稱為女式小艇，大約20英尺長，3英尺深。有時，它會被建造成可容納20人的皮艇，它由細長的木板條構成，以鯨須固定，外面包著海豹皮。這種小艇一般會由三四個女人一起操控；天氣晴朗時，她們會劃得很快。遇到危險時，一個男人會劃著皮艇跟在周圍，如果有需要，他會隨時伸出援手相救。

The next object of importance to the Esquimau is the sledge, which finds occupation during at least three-fourths of the year. A native who possesses both a kayak and a sledge is considered a person of property.

對愛斯基摩人來說，其次重要的就是雪橇，一年之中，至少有四分之三的時間要用到它。一個既有皮艇又有雪橇的當?shù)厝?，就被認為是富有的人。