新奇事件簿 道路交通污染威脅兒童健康

00:00

00:00

MP3下載 文本下載

https://online2.tingclass.net/lesson/shi0529/10000/10315/373.mp3

https://image.tingclass.net/statics/js/2012

Road pollution is a serious danger to children’s health. That’s the worrying conclusion of the longest and largest study ever undertaken into the effects of traffic fumes on child development. Researchers from the University of Southern California spent 13 years studying children who lived within 500 meters of busy highways. They found that most of the 3,600 children in the study had significantly weakened lungs. Researchers said this meant the children could have breathing problems for the rest of their lives. The main author of the study W. James Gauderman said: "Someone suffering a pollution-related deficit in lung function as a child will probably have less than healthy lungs all of his or her life.” He added: "If you live in a high-pollution area and live near a busy road, you get a doubling of the damage.”

道路交通污染威脅兒童健康。研究人員就交通污染對(duì)兒童肺組織發(fā)育進(jìn)行了研究，此項(xiàng)研究也是該領(lǐng)域研究時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)，規(guī)模最大的一項(xiàng)研究，研究結(jié)果令人擔(dān)憂。來(lái)自南加州大學(xué)的研究人員對(duì)生活在距公路500米范圍內(nèi)的兒童進(jìn)行了調(diào)查，研究歷時(shí)13年。在3600名研究對(duì)象中，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)多數(shù)兒童的肺功能較弱。據(jù)研究人員所說(shuō)，他們未來(lái)很有可能患有呼吸性疾病。主研究員詹姆斯·關(guān)德曼教授表示：“如果是因?yàn)榄h(huán)境污染，兒童的肺發(fā)育缺陷，那么他們未來(lái)的肺健康也會(huì)受到影響。”他還補(bǔ)充道：“如果你住在高污染地區(qū)，靠近繁忙街道，那么肺病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)加倍。”

Gauderman and his team conducted their research on youngsters who lived near busy roads. Once a year, the team measured the children's lung power. It checked how much air the children could release in one breath and how quickly it could be released. The team found that by their 18th birthday, children who lived within 500 meters of a highway exhaled three per cent less air compared with children who lived one-and-a-half kilometers away. Further, the highway children’s lung power was seven per cent weaker in the rate at which they could exhale. Gauderman said that: "Even if you are in a relatively low regional pollution area, living near a road produces lung problems." About a third of the children moved away from busy roads during the study but stayed near the same community. Their lungs developed more healthily.

關(guān)德曼教授和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)居住在繁忙街道的兒童進(jìn)行了研究。并對(duì)兒童的肺功能進(jìn)行了檢測(cè)，每年一次。檢查項(xiàng)目包括肺活量，吐氣速度。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)截止到18歲，與生活在1.5公里以外的兒童相比，生活在500米范圍內(nèi)的兒童肺活量水平要低3%。此外，對(duì)于生活在公路旁的兒童，吐氣速率也會(huì)減弱7%。關(guān)德曼教授表示：“即使你生活在污染相對(duì)理想的環(huán)境中，靠近公路也會(huì)讓你的肺部產(chǎn)生問(wèn)題。”在研究過(guò)程中，約三分之一的兒童搬離了鬧區(qū)，但依然居住在該社區(qū)。他們的肺組織發(fā)育得到了顯著提高。