38　句型四：名詞+ to do sth.（作定語）　Track36

 

不定式作定語一般與被修飾名詞有以下三種關(guān)系：
（1）動賓關(guān)系（所修飾的名詞在邏輯上作不定式的賓語）

 
更多例句：
a.She has four children to take care of.
b.I had no place to live in.
c.You just regard me as a thing, an object to look at, to use, to touch, but not to listen to or to take seriously.
你只把我當(dāng)作一件東西，一件任你看，任你用，任你撫摸的東西，但就是不聽我的話，不認(rèn)真對待我。
d.I gave the kid a comic to read .　我給了那孩子一本連環(huán)畫看。
e.I have no partner to speak English with. 　我沒有伙伴一起練習(xí)英文。
不能說成：I have no partner to speak English.*
另外要注意的是，因為不定式已經(jīng)有邏輯賓語，所以不定式動詞后不能再加賓語了，比如不能說：
f.I gave the kid a comic to read it .*
g.She has four children to take care of them .*
（2）主謂關(guān)系
被only，last，next，序數(shù)詞以及形容詞最高級修飾的名詞常用不定式作定語，所修飾的名詞與不定式構(gòu)成邏輯主謂關(guān)系。 （考試重點）
a.I don't think he is the best man to do the job.
我認(rèn)為他并不是做這項工作的最佳人選。
b. The next train to arrive is from New York.
下一列到達(dá)的火車是從紐約開來的。
c.Clint was the second person to fall into this trap.
克林特是第二個掉進(jìn)陷阱的人。
d.Clint was the only person to survive the air crash.
克林特是這次空難事故中唯一的幸存者。
（3）同位關(guān)系（兩類名詞）

 

 
a.A decision_________stock by one or a few of these large companies may have a very important effect on the market as a whole.
A. buying or to sell
B. to buy or selling
C. buying or selling
D. to buy or sell
正確答案：D。
分析：因為decide后邊要接to do，所以名詞decision后邊也要接to do。所以選D。
b.All our attempts_________the child from drowning were in vain.
A. to rescue
B. having rescued
C. rescue
D. being rescued
正確答案：A。
分析：因為動詞attempt后邊要接to do，所以名詞attempt后邊也要接to do。所以選A。
c.According to Darwin, random changes that enhance a species'（A） ability for surviving（B） are（C） naturally selected and passed on to succeeding（D） generations.
正確答案：B，應(yīng)改為to survive。
分析：因為able后邊要接to do，所以名詞ability后邊也要接to do。