英語(yǔ)早間課堂:話說(shuō)地道美語(yǔ) Lesson 23(2)之六
第八、我們可以說(shuō)tell sb off。In English, it means "to speak angrily to sb for doing sth wrong". 中文意思是責(zé)備，斥責(zé)，數(shù)落，責(zé)罵。我們通過(guò)下面的例句來(lái)熟悉這個(gè)習(xí)語(yǔ)的意思。
例句1：I told boys off for making so much noise. 孩子太吵了，我把他們訓(xùn)斥了一頓。
注解：Tell sb off for doing sth( sth) 意思是因......而斥責(zé)......再如：My boss told me off for my careless work so I were in a bd mood. 我工作粗心，上司把我責(zé)罵了一頓，所以我心情不好。
例句2： I heard that Jane has told on you to o the teacher for your cheating in the exam. And did your teacher tell you off? 我聽說(shuō)簡(jiǎn)向老師打了你的小報(bào)告，說(shuō)你在考試中作弊，你給老師罵了嗎?
注解：tell on是告發(fā)某人，打某人的小報(bào)告，告某人的狀的意思。例如：I'm late for work- don't tell on me! 我上班遲到了，不要打我的小報(bào)告啊!Don't you tell on each other? 你們彼此不告密?
此外，tell on還有“影響到”的意思。例如：In the last stage of the race, her tiredness began to tell on her. 在賽跑的沖刺階段，她開始顯得筋疲力盡了。Sleeplessness is sure to tell on your health. 失眠肯定會(huì)影響你的健康。Smoking will tell on you when you're getting old. 你上年紀(jì)時(shí)就會(huì)感受到吸煙的影響了。
下面我們來(lái)看tell off這個(gè)短語(yǔ)作為責(zé)備這個(gè)意思的變異形式的短語(yǔ)。
1. Give sb a telling-off
這里就是把tell off中的tell加上ing變?yōu)閯?dòng)名詞再用連字符將副詞off連接起來(lái)成為名詞，即：telling-off。It means " the act of speaking angrily to sb, especially a child, because they have done sth bad". 要強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn)的是這個(gè)詞只用于單數(shù)形式，不用復(fù)數(shù)形式。因此，不能說(shuō)telling-offs，give sb telling-offs。我們來(lái)看2個(gè)例句：I don't give people a telling off unless I'm really angry. 除非我很生氣，我平常不會(huì)罵人。Don't give your boss a telling-off, even if you think he deserves it. 即使你認(rèn)為你的上司該罵，也不要責(zé)罵你的上司。
2. Get (be)told off 挨罵，遭罵
這個(gè)短語(yǔ)的變異其實(shí)就是在語(yǔ)態(tài)上進(jìn)行變化而來(lái)，這個(gè)就是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。我們來(lái)看2個(gè)例句：You'll get told off if you're caught doing that. 要是發(fā)現(xiàn)你做那種事，你就得挨罵。You will be told off for being a cheater. 你騙人要遭罵的。
Tell sb off除了有“責(zé)備”的意思，還有“分派”“指派”的意思。例如：A small party of men were told off for burial duty. 一小組人被分派去執(zhí)行掩埋的任務(wù)。Ten soldiers were told off to dig ditches. 十名戰(zhàn)士被分派去挖溝。
