LECTURE 101 基本動詞 HOLD 4

LECTURE 101 基本動詞 HOLD 4

詞組講解

1. hold sth. against sb. ***指責(zé)；對…有成見

解 短語動詞；詞義溯源：持有意見［逆著、反對（against）］某人

例 We will continue to hold their bad behaviors against them as long as they continue to avoid facing the truth that they were vicious aggressors who inflicted pain and suffering on us.

2. hold the fort **堅(jiān)守陣地；代管

解 〈口〉習(xí)語；詞義溯源：堅(jiān)守［要塞、城池（fort）］；來源于西部電影

例 Tom, I'm going down to the supply warehouse to check on the inventory—could you hold the fort while I'm out? If anybody stops by or you get any phone calls, just handle them the best you can until I get back. It won't be long—maybe an hour and a half.

3. hold the line at sb. or sth. / hold the line **不超過限制；不掛斷電話

解 習(xí)語；詞義溯源：對于某人或某物維持［線、線路（line）］

例 Itold you to hold the line at 200 reporters attending the conference. We don't have enough space for more than that. Did my instructions just go in one ear and out the other ?!Damn, 349 reporters? We'll just have to cancel some of the invitations.

4. hold up / hold up sb. or sth. / hold sb. or sth. up ***維持；支撐；搶劫，掠奪；扣留

解 短語動詞；詞義溯源：保持［向上（up）］

例 Government officials have decided not to replace Carson Bridge for at least another three years because of a lack of funds for the project. With necessary maintenance repairs, the top civil engineer estimates the bridge will hold up another five years.

5. hold your horses *耐心一些，別著急；鎮(zhèn)定

解 俚語；詞義溯源：抓?。勰愕模▂our）］［馬（horses）］；來源于西部電影

例 Oh, please!Just hold your horses!I'll have dinner ready in ten minutes. Now go watch TV and stop asking me every minute when dinner will be ready.

鞏固練習(xí)

(A) hold...against

(B) holds the fort

(C) hold the line at

(D) hold up

(E) Hold your horses

1. A: We need to have a standard operating policy that makes it clear at each level of the organization who takes care of business and handles all affairs while the person who's usually in charge is gone. B: I like it the way it is now. We don't have a standard policy—there's no need for it. Whoever's the most senior person left in the office ______ until the boss gets back.

2. A: If we fail to ______ $23 million...B: Don't worry—we will limit the costs to probably less than $20 million. If anything unexpected comes up , we'll still have $3 million to cover it.

3. A: I know he did some terrible things to you in the past, but you shouldn't let his past misdeeds cause you to treat him so harshly. B: You don't know how much pain he caused me, so you'll never understand why I'll ______ it ______ him for the rest of my life.

4. A: I've got the paint, brushes, buckets—I'm ready to paint! B: ______. Did you ask Mother if you could paint your room? A: No, but I'm sure it's okay—I don't have to wait. B: Well, I think you'd better hold on until she gets home and tells you it's okay.

5. A: When you buy a refrigerator, you expect it to last at least five years. B: Actually most will ______ for ten years if you take good care of them. So if yours is broken down already, it's the manufacturer's fault.

■ ANSWER

1. (B)

2. (C)

3. (A)

4. (E)

5. (D)

參考譯文

I. 1. 如果他們繼續(xù)否認(rèn)自已曾是邪惡的侵略者，給我們帶來痛苦和災(zāi)難的話，我們將繼續(xù)指責(zé)他們的惡劣行徑。

2. 湯姆，我要到下面的供應(yīng)倉庫檢查一下庫存——我不在的時(shí)候，你能幫我頂一下班嗎？我回來之前如果有人過來，或者有電話，你就盡量解決吧。不會太久的，大約一個(gè)半小時(shí)。

3. 我跟你說過要把參加會議的記者人數(shù)控制在200人以內(nèi)。超過這個(gè)人數(shù)就沒有地方了。我的指示聽完就忘了嗎？！該死，349名記者？我們得取消一些邀請了。

4. 由于項(xiàng)目缺少資金，政府官員決定至少三年內(nèi)不拆掉卡森大橋。高級土木工程師預(yù)測，如果進(jìn)行必要的維護(hù)，這座大橋可以再維持五年。

5. 拜托！耐心一點(diǎn)！再過十分鐘飯就好了。先去看看電視，別總是過一分鐘就問一次飯什么時(shí)候好。

II. 1. A：我們需要一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的運(yùn)營政策，明確規(guī)定當(dāng)負(fù)責(zé)人不在的時(shí)候，各級機(jī)構(gòu)由誰來負(fù)責(zé)處理業(yè)務(wù)和解決問題。B：我喜歡現(xiàn)在這樣。我們沒有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)政策，也沒有必要。在老板回來之前，公司里級別最高的人可以臨時(shí)代理。

2. A：如果我們無法控制在2300萬美元…… B：別擔(dān)心，我們可能將成本限制在2000萬美元以內(nèi)。就算發(fā)生意外，我們還有300萬美元可以用。

3. A：我知道他過去對你做過一些特別不好的事情，但是你不能因?yàn)樗^去的不良行為而對他如此苛刻。B：你不知道他給我?guī)砹硕啻蟮耐纯?，所以你永遠(yuǎn)也不會理解為什么我這輩子都會記恨他。

4. A：我有油漆、刷子和桶——我要開始粉刷了！B：別著急。你有沒有問媽媽你是否可以粉刷房間？A：沒有，但我確信沒有問題——不用等了。B：我想你最好等她回來同意后再做。

5. A：買冰箱的時(shí)候，人們會希望它至少能用五年。B：實(shí)際上，如果使用時(shí)注意保養(yǎng)，大部分冰箱都可以用十年。所以，如果你的冰箱已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了故障，那就是制造商的問題了。