高中語法專練：i. 不定式作主語和表語

i. 不定式作主語和表語

To think of you makes me old.

想你使我變老。

To see one time is better than to hear a hundred times.

眼見一遍勝過耳聽百遍。

1. 口語中常用it作形式主語。

It takes me thirteen minutes to get to school from home.

從家到學(xué)校要花我13分鐘。

It made me angry to hear him talk like that.

聽到他那樣說讓我憤怒。

2. 若說明不定式動(dòng)作對(duì)于執(zhí)行者的影響，常在不定式前加for sb.。

It is not hard for us to learn English well in six years.

六年內(nèi)學(xué)好英語對(duì)我們來說不算難。

It is a great honor for me to be present at the meeting.

我很榮幸來出席這個(gè)會(huì)議。

3. 但是以表示人的行為品質(zhì)的形容詞作表語時(shí)（如kind, good, nice, wise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, polite, agreeable），不定式前加of sb.。

It's very kind of you to come and help us.

你真好來幫助我。

It's nice of you to be so considerate.

你這么體貼人真好。

4. 不定式作表語，表示目的、結(jié)果、同意、命令、安排、決定、勸告等意義。

His wish is to be a doctor .

他的愿望是當(dāng)大夫。

They are to marry next week.

他們計(jì)劃下周結(jié)婚。

My job is to teach you English.

我的工作是教你英語。

5. 用it作形式主語，其真正的主語也可以是for + there to be結(jié)構(gòu)。

It was a pity for there to be any disagreement in the family.

家庭有不一致的觀點(diǎn)是很遺憾的事。

6. 當(dāng)主語和表語都是不定式時(shí)，其含義一是條件，二是結(jié)果。

To see is to believe .

眼見為實(shí)。

7. 不定式作表語時(shí)，主語也常是what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，表語說明其內(nèi)容。

What he is considering is to get enough money to buy a car.

他在考慮的是搞到足夠的錢買輛車。

8. 不定式作表語時(shí)，主語部分有行為動(dòng)詞do，不定式也可省略to。

What he wants to do now is （to） find a good job.

他現(xiàn)在想做的是找到一份好工作。

專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1. How _______ the problem will be discussed some time later this afternoon.

A. to solve

B. to be solve

C. being solved

D. solving

2. Is it necessary _______ the geography book at once?

A. for her to return

B. that she must return

C. her returning

D. of him to return

3. It _______ forty-five minutes _______ there by bus.

A. costs; to get

B. costs; getting

C. takes; to get

D. takes; getting

4. This grammar point is _______ later.

A. to explain

B. to have been explained

C. to be explained

D. to be explaining

5. Tom seemed _______ the good news.

A. to learn

B. to be learning

C. to have learned

D. to have been learning

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