高中語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練：v. 名詞性從句需要注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題

v. 名詞性從句需要注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題

1. that, what, whether, if需注意的情況

1）that, whether, if在從句中不作成分，而what在從句中既引導(dǎo)從句又作成分。

That he has done his homework is not true.

他完成了家庭作業(yè)這事并不真實(shí)。

What he said has nothing to do with me.

他所說(shuō)的話與我無(wú)關(guān)。

What we can't get seems better than what we have .

我們不能得到的似乎好于我們已經(jīng)擁有的。

2）whether在從句中不作任何成分，但有不肯定的意義，而that無(wú)任何意義。

Whether the 2020 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing isn't known yet.

2020年奧運(yùn)會(huì)是否將要在北京舉行還不知道。

That the 2016 Olympic Games will be not held in Beijing is already known.

2016年奧運(yùn)會(huì)將不在北京舉行已經(jīng)眾所周知。

2. whether, if引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別

1）whether可以引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句和介詞后接的賓語(yǔ)從句，而if則不能。

The question is whether the film is worth seeing.

問(wèn)題是這部電影是否值得一看。

The news whether our team has won is unknown.

我們隊(duì)是否贏了這消息還無(wú)人知道。

Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn't been decided yet.

我們是否要出席會(huì)議還沒(méi)有決定。

It all depends on whether they will support us.

這完全取決于他們是否支持我們。

2）whether和if引導(dǎo)的從句都可以作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)，這時(shí)whether=if。但當(dāng)從句置于句首時(shí)只能用whether。后接有or not時(shí)，也只能用whether。

The chairman hasn't decided whether/if we shall attend the meeting.

主席還沒(méi)有決定我們是否將要出席會(huì)議。

Whether he will come this afternoon, no one knows.

沒(méi)有人知道他今天下午是否來(lái)。

We didn't know whether or not she was ready.

我們不知道他是否準(zhǔn)備好了。

We didn't know whether/if she was ready.

我們不知道她是否準(zhǔn)備好了。

3. whether, if與that的選擇

1）doubt, wonder, not know, not decide, still a problem, still a question后面多接whether, if從句。

It is still a problem whether we can find a way out.

我們是否能找到出路仍然是一個(gè)問(wèn)題。

I doubt whether he will come soon.

我懷疑他是否很快要來(lái)。

2）no wonder, no doubt, well known后多接that從句。

There's no doubt that he will come soon.

毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)他不久就要來(lái)。

No one will doubt that he will win the game.

沒(méi)有人懷疑他將要贏得比賽。

You work so hard. No wonder that you have made so much progress.

你學(xué)習(xí)那么努力，難怪你取得如此大的進(jìn)步。

4. 名詞性從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣

1）suggestion, order, advice后的同位語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

Have you made a suggestion that the sports meet be put off until next Sunday?

你建議過(guò)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)應(yīng)該推遲到下一周嗎？

Our advice is that he should work harder at his lessons.

我們的忠告是他應(yīng)該更努力地學(xué)習(xí)功課。

2）insist, order, command, demand, suggest, advise, propose, require, request后接的賓語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其形式是“should +動(dòng)詞原形”，should可省略。

The commander ordered that his soldiers should fight back immediately.

司令官命令他的士兵立刻反攻。

3）若insist后接的賓語(yǔ)從句是已經(jīng)發(fā)生或存在的事實(shí)。suggest作“暗示”講時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。

He insisted that he hadn't stolen the i-Phone5 and that he shouldn't be punished.

他堅(jiān)持自己沒(méi)有偷i-Phone 5，不應(yīng)該受懲罰。

The class teacher's expression on her face suggested that she was pleased with our behaviour.

班主任臉上的表情暗示她對(duì)我們的表現(xiàn)很滿意。

5. where引導(dǎo)名詞性從句、定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別

1）where引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句緊跟在聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞之后，而且從句前面沒(méi)有先行詞；where= the place where。

The house is where （= the place where） he worked a few years ago.

這房子是他幾年前工作的地方。

2）where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句要跟在先行詞后面, where = in/on/at which。

He lives in the house where （=　in which） I lived ten years ago.

他居住在我十年前住過(guò)的房子里面。

3）where引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句前面也沒(méi)有先行詞，且where在主從句中都作成分，where = in/at/on/to the place where

Where there is a will, there is a way.

there is a way in The place where there is a will.

有志者事竟成。

6. who, whoever與no matter who

1）名詞性從句表示某個(gè)人時(shí)，用who引導(dǎo)從句。

Who will come to see us hasn't been known.

誰(shuí)要來(lái)看我們還不知道。

2）名詞性從句表示任何人時(shí)，用whoever引導(dǎo)從句，whoever=anyone who。

Whoever/Anyone who comes late should be punished.

無(wú)論誰(shuí)來(lái)晚了都應(yīng)該受到懲罰。

3）No matter + wh- 只用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，主從句之間有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。

No matter what you do , you should try your best to do it well.

無(wú)論你干什么事，都應(yīng)盡力干好。

4）Wh-+ever可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可代替no matter + wh- 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。

Whoever breaks the law should be punished.

無(wú)論誰(shuí)違法都應(yīng)該受到懲罰。

No matter who/Whoever breaks the law , we should punish him.

無(wú)論誰(shuí)違法，我們都應(yīng)該懲罰他。

7. 名詞性從句都用陳述語(yǔ)序

No one can be sure what man will look like in a million years.

沒(méi)有人能肯定一百萬(wàn)年后人類(lèi)看上去會(huì)是什么樣子。

I wonder what's wrong with him/what's the trouble with him/what's the matter with him.

我不知道他怎么了。

Who do you think he can have gone to Beijing with?

你覺(jué)得他可能和誰(shuí)一起去北京了呢？

8. 從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)，或者與表語(yǔ)保持一致

Where we can get the money is still being discussed.

我們能從哪里搞到錢(qián)仍在討論。

What he wants to get are three books .

他想得到的是三本書(shū)。

專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1. The difficulty lies _______ we have no money.

A. in which

B. in the fact that

C. in the fact

D. that

2. She's a different girl from _______ she was five years ago.

A. whom

B. that

C. who

D. what

3. That is _______ happened to the tribe of Indians that then lived in _______ is now Plymouth.

A. what; which

B. whatever; whichever

C. that; that

D. what; what

4. They buried themselves in their studies in the belief _______ they would serve their country with their knowledge.

A. in which

B. that

C. which

D. where

5. The reason why she burst into tears was _______ she didn't want to part with her friends.

A. because

B. since

C. for

D. that

6. The possibilities _______ many species of whales may become extinct soon don't stop some fishermen from continuing to kill them.

A. /

B. of which

C. that

D. why

7. _______ I like best _______ bread and butter.

A. That; is

B. That; are

C. What; are

D. What; is

8. Does it matter _______ will represent us to attend the meeting?

A. you think whoever

B. who do you think

C. you think

D. who you think

9. _______ is _______ me.

A. It rains or not; no concern for

B. Whether it rains or not; of no concern to

C. If or not it rains; no concern about

D. Whether or not it rains; of no concern with

10. You can imagine _______ to skate or ski in Japan, Norway or Canada!

A. how much love

B. what great love

C. how funny love

D. what a love

11. Mike's uncle insists _______ in the hotel.

A. staying not

B. not to stay

C. that we would not stay

D. that he not stay

12. We agreed to accept _______ they thought was the best tourist guide.

A. whatever

B. whomever

C. whichever

D. whoever

13. Although many people view conflict as bad, conflict is sometimes useful _______ it forces people to test the relative merits of their attitudes and behaviors.

A. by which

B. to which

C. in that

D. so that

14. It is essential that these application forms _______.

A. must be sent back as soon as possible

B. will be sent back as soon as possible

C. are sent back as quick as it can

D. be sent back as soon as possible

15. Our teacher recommends that we _______ as attentive as possible when we visit the museum.

A. are

B. shall be

C. ought to be

D. be

16. I suppose that when I come back in ten years' time, all these old houses _______ down.

A. will have been pulled

B. will have pulled

C. will be pulling

D. will be pulled

17. There is _______ the fact that failure is the mother of success.

A. no denying

B. to not deny

C. not to deny

D. of denying

18. She loves the newly born baby so much that her only happiness lies in _______ she can take care of her child by herself.

A. that

B. what

C. when

D. where

19. What do you think _______ we should do with the polluted water?

A. that

B. /

C. how

D. which

20. What the doctors really doubt is _______ my mother will ever recover from the serious disease soon.

A. when

B. how

C. whether

D. why

21. _______ is no possibility _______ Bob can win the first prize in the match.

A. There; that

B. There; whether

C. It; whether

D. It; that

22. He was asked of all the stories he had read _______ was the most interesting.

A. that

B. what

C. which

D. as

23. The two areas are similar _______ they both have a high rainfall during this season.

A. except that

B. in that

C. in which

D. despite of

24. It is recommended that the project _______ until all the preparations have been made.

A. is not started

B. was not started

C. will not be started

D. not be started

25. We all agreed to the suggestion _______ we have an outing, but we had a problem _______ we could get there.

A. that; how

B. which; how

C. which; which

D. that; that

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