英國學生科學讀本 Lesson 54 硬殼螃蟹(1)

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第54課 硬殼螃蟹

Crabs are good to eat. The next time you have one for your supper, I should like you to look at it very carefully, and try to learn what kind of an animal it is.

螃蟹也是美味的食物。小朋友，下次你晚飯吃螃蟹的時候，請仔仔細細地觀察它，了解它是一種什么動物。

The crab is a cousin of the lobster and the shrimp. Like these two animals, its body is made up of a number of rings. But in the shell of the grown-up crab these rings are so close together that we cannot tell one ring from another.

螃蟹是龍蝦和蝦的近親。跟龍蝦和蝦一樣，螃蟹的身體也是很多體節(jié)組成的。但是成年螃蟹的甲殼，體節(jié)彼此挨得太近，沒辦法分清了。

Do you see the two short feelers which stick out in front of the crab's head? These help the crab to find its way as it walks along the dark bottom of the sea. It has two round eyes, at the end of short eye-stalks, close to the feelers.

你看見螃蟹腦袋前面那兩根短觸角了嗎?螃蟹在黑暗的海底爬行的時候，觸角能幫它探路。觸角旁邊，在短短的眼柄盡頭，螃蟹還長著兩只圓眼睛。

Next come the two great jointed nipping claws which you know so well; and behind these are four pairs of small jointed legs, with which the crab walks over the rocks and the sand of the sea-shore.

后面就是兩只你很熟悉的，分節(jié)的“鉗子”，學名叫“螯足”。再往后是四對比較小的分節(jié)的足，螃蟹用來在海岸的石頭和沙子上爬行。

The crab's body inside the hard crust or shell is quite soft. The crab breathes by means of gills, with which it takes into its body some of the air which is always mixed with the sea-water.

螃蟹硬殼里面的身體很柔軟。螃蟹也是用鰓呼吸的，它只用鰓吸入溶解在海水中的空氣。

While the crab is alive, it is grey and brown in colour. It only turns red, as we see it at supper, when it is boiled.

活的螃蟹是灰色和棕色的，只有在煮熟了以后，我們在吃飯的時候，才看見它是紅色的。

Crabs live in holes in the rocks near the shore. They feed on fishes, either alive or dead, and they also eat any other dead animals which they find on the sea-bottom.

螃蟹生活在河岸、海岸附近的巖洞里面，以活魚和死魚為食，也吃一切在海底找到的動物尸體。

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