BBC News: 聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候峰會(huì)在馬德里開(kāi)幕

BBC News. Hello, this is Jerry Smit. The latest United Nations Climate Summit has opened in Madrid with warnings that the coming year will be critical in the battle against rising temperatures. Ahead of the meeting, the UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has warned that the world is at the point of no return. He told the BBC the global response to climate change to date have been utterly inadequate. Matt McGrath reports.

BBC新聞。大家好，我是杰瑞·施密特。最新一屆聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候峰會(huì)在馬德里開(kāi)幕，會(huì)議警告稱未來(lái)一年將是對(duì)抗氣溫上升的關(guān)鍵一年。在會(huì)議開(kāi)始之前，聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)安東尼奧·古特雷斯警告稱，世界已經(jīng)到了無(wú)法回頭的地步。他告訴BBC，迄今為止，對(duì)全球?qū)夂蜃兓膽?yīng)對(duì)是完全不夠的。以下是馬特·麥格拉思的報(bào)道。

As the diplomats begin their talks, a report from Save the Children estimates that thirty-three million people in east and southern Africa have been driven to hunger by what they term climate shocks, droughts, floods and the impacts of the strongest ever cyclone to hit the continent. To limit these consequences in the future, experts argue the world needs to set out plans for dramatic climate action during the next twelve months. This meeting in Madrid is the first step on that road.

就在外交官們開(kāi)始會(huì)談的時(shí)候，來(lái)自救助兒童會(huì)的一份報(bào)告估計(jì)，東非和南部非洲有3300萬(wàn)人因?yàn)闅夂驔_擊，如干旱、洪水以及非洲大陸有史以來(lái)最強(qiáng)烈的颶風(fēng)的影響而挨餓。為了減少這些現(xiàn)象對(duì)未來(lái)的影響，專家們認(rèn)為，世界各國(guó)需要在未來(lái)12個(gè)月內(nèi)采取行動(dòng)應(yīng)對(duì)不斷惡劣的氣候。這次馬德里會(huì)議將是該進(jìn)程的第一步。

President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador of Mexico has defended his approach to tackling drug cartels despite an upsurge in violence that saw more than twenty people killed in a single incident on Saturday. In a speech marking his first year in office, he acknowledged that reducing crime remained his biggest challenge.

盡管周六發(fā)生了一起導(dǎo)致20多人喪生的暴力事件，墨西哥總統(tǒng)安德烈斯•曼努埃爾•洛佩斯•奧夫拉多爾還是為自己打擊販毒集團(tuán)的方法進(jìn)行了辯護(hù)。在他執(zhí)政一年的紀(jì)念演講中，他承認(rèn)減少犯罪仍然是他最大的挑戰(zhàn)。

Samoa says it will shut down government offices for two days this week so public sector workers can help with a mass vaccination campaign against measles. The epidemic has already killed more than fifty people in the pacific island nation, most of them children under four. Anna Pizarro has more details.

薩摩亞表示，該國(guó)將在本周關(guān)閉政府機(jī)構(gòu)兩天，以便公共部門的工作人員能夠幫助進(jìn)行大規(guī)模的麻疹疫苗接種行動(dòng)。這場(chǎng)疫情已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致這個(gè)太平洋島國(guó)50多人死亡，其中大多數(shù)是4歲以下的兒童。以下是安娜•普澤魯?shù)膱?bào)道。

The rate of infection is showing no sign of slowing down with two hundred new measles cases from the last twenty-four hours alone. Fifty-three people have died. Four thousand cases have been recorded since the Samoa measles epidemic began in mid-October. A compulsory vaccination scheme has so far focused on children but will now extend to everyone under sixty. So all government services and departments will close this Thursday and Friday. The Samoan Prime Minister said those that did not believe in vaccination needed to be convinced that it was the only answer to the epidemic.

感染率沒(méi)有任何下降的跡象，僅在過(guò)去24小時(shí)內(nèi)就出現(xiàn)了200例麻疹新病例。目前已有53人死亡。自10月中旬薩摩亞麻疹爆發(fā)開(kāi)始以來(lái)，該國(guó)已有4000例病例記錄在案。到目前為止，這項(xiàng)強(qiáng)制疫苗接種計(jì)劃主要針對(duì)兒童，但現(xiàn)在將擴(kuò)大到60歲以下的所有人。因此，所有政府服務(wù)和機(jī)關(guān)單位將在本周四和周五關(guān)閉。薩摩亞總理表示，要說(shuō)服那些不相信接種疫苗的人疫苗是解決這一流行病的唯一辦法。

At least fifteen people are feared dead in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu. They were buried under a wall that collapsed after heavy downpours in the city of Coimbatore. Schools and colleges have been closed in the state capital Chennai and a number of other districts because of the torrential rain.

印度南部泰米爾納德邦至少有15人死亡。在一場(chǎng)大雨后，他們被埋在了哥印拜陀市的一堵倒塌的墻下。受暴雨影響，該邦首府欽奈和其他一些地區(qū)的學(xué)校和大學(xué)已經(jīng)關(guān)閉。

A sperm whale that died after getting stranded on a beach in northwest Scotland was found to have a bowl of litter weighing a hundred kilograms in its stomach. The compacted mass included items such as fishing nets, rope, bags and plastic cups that it had swallowed. Residents of the Isle of Harris who found the carcass said it highlighted the wider problem of marine pollution. BBC News.

一只抹香鯨在蘇格蘭西北部海灘擱淺死亡，其胃里有一坨重達(dá)100公斤的垃圾。這些垃圾已被壓實(shí)，其中包括它吞下的漁網(wǎng)、繩子、袋子和塑料杯。發(fā)現(xiàn)這具尸體的哈里斯島居民表示，這表明了海洋污染問(wèn)題的影響越來(lái)越大。BBC新聞。