常春藤生活英語(yǔ)：I Love to Wear Shades 酷炫太陽(yáng)眼鏡

The sunglasses we know and love today are available in all shapes and sizes. However, they appeared long after people startedexperimenting with lenses2. In Rome, Emperor Nero is said to have watched events through an emerald, which may haveacted as a magnifying glass3. In the mid-18th century, James Ayscough tried using green- and blue-tinted4 glass to correct vision5 problems. Interestingly, all of the first types of "sunglasses" actually had nothing to do with sunshine.

The stars of silent movies in the early 1900s became some of the first people to wear glasses toblock out light.Extremelybright lights were required forshooting films. Therefore, actors' eyes often became. sore. Dark glasses allowed their eyes to rest between takes6. Sam Foster sold the first pair of real sunglasses in Atlantic City, New Jersey in 1930. Shortly after, US Army Air Corps7 scientists developed dark-green sunglasses for pilots.

In the 1960s, advertising and the continued use of sunglasses by film stars increased their popularity. By the 1970s, everyone wore them, and it remains the same today. Just like in the past, people now wear sunglasses for all kinds of reasons.

如今我們所認(rèn)識(shí)且喜愛(ài)的太陽(yáng)眼鏡，有著各式各樣的造型和尺寸。不過(guò)，它們是在人們開(kāi)始試驗(yàn)鏡片很久之后才出現(xiàn)的。據(jù)說(shuō)在古羅馬時(shí)代，尼羅皇帝會(huì)透過(guò)祖母綠寶石來(lái)觀看比賽，其用途很可能是當(dāng)成放大鏡用。在十八世紀(jì)中葉，詹姆士?艾斯可夫試圖用綠色和藍(lán)色的玻璃鏡片來(lái)矯正視力問(wèn)題。有趣的是，以上所有最早種類(lèi)的『太陽(yáng)眼鏡』，其實(shí)都和陽(yáng)光毫不相關(guān)。

二十世紀(jì)初，默片演員成為最早戴眼鏡來(lái)阻隔光線(xiàn)的先驅(qū)之一。拍電影需要極強(qiáng)的亮光。因此演員們的眼睛常會(huì)酸痛。深色鏡片讓他們的雙眸得以在各場(chǎng)戲間稍作休息。1930年，山姆?佛斯特在紐澤西州的亞特蘭大市賣(mài)出第一副真正的太陽(yáng)眼鏡。不久之后，美國(guó)陸軍空戰(zhàn)部隊(duì)的科學(xué)家便為飛行員研發(fā)出深綠色的太陽(yáng)眼鏡。

1960年代，廣告和影星對(duì)太陽(yáng)眼鏡的持續(xù)配戴，使它們更加流行。在1970年代時(shí)，人人都戴上了太陽(yáng)眼鏡，時(shí)至今日也是如此。就像往昔，如今人們也因各種理由而戴上太陽(yáng)眼鏡。

Building Your Vocabulary

1.extremely　adv. 極度，極其

Ann looks extremely pretty in her new dress.

穿著新洋裝的小安看起來(lái)美極了。

2.shoot　vt. 拍攝(照片、電影等)

The director will shoot the final scene again.

導(dǎo)演將重拍最后一個(gè)鏡頭。

3.sore　a. 酸痛的;疼痛的

My arms were sore after carrying the boxes.

搬完那些箱子后，我的手臂很酸。

Phrases for Learning

1.experiment with...　　試驗(yàn)∕試用……

We can experiment with this recipe by using other ingredients.

我們可以使用其它食材來(lái)試煮這個(gè)食譜。

2.act as...　　充當(dāng)∕代理……

Joseph will act as the accountant while Nicki is on vacation.

妮琪去度假時(shí)，喬瑟夫?qū)?huì)代理會(huì)計(jì)師的職務(wù)。

3.block out.../block...out　　擋……(光)

The curtain totally blocked the sunshine out.

這個(gè)窗簾完全擋掉了陽(yáng)光。

參考字詞

1. shades　n. 太陽(yáng)眼鏡，墨鏡(恒為復(fù)數(shù))

2. lens　n. 鏡片;透鏡

3. magnifying glass　n. 放大鏡

4. tinted　a.(玻璃)有色的

5. vision　n. 視力(本文中作形容詞用)

6. take　n.(電影或電視)一次拍攝的鏡頭

7. corps　n. 特殊部隊(duì);特殊兵種

Tips In Use

...they appeared long after people started experimenting with lenses..

(……它們是在人們開(kāi)始試驗(yàn)鏡片很久之后才出現(xiàn)的。)

long, shortly, right, immediately 等副詞常與 before 或 after 并用，形成下列句構(gòu)：

long/shortly/right/immediately + before/after 引導(dǎo)的介詞詞組或副詞子句　　在……之前∕后很久∕沒(méi)多久

We arrived right before the beginning of the meeting.

(我們?cè)跁?huì)議開(kāi)始前沒(méi)多久到達(dá)。)

The game was forced to stop shortly after the storm.

(比賽在暴風(fēng)雨開(kāi)始之后沒(méi)多久便被迫停止。)