金融時報:未來十年可能屬于中國

未來十年可能屬于中國

與普遍的看法不同，印度經(jīng)濟(jì)在過去十年的表現(xiàn)優(yōu)于中國，印度仍然具有一些優(yōu)勢，例如消費(fèi)比重較高和人口比較年輕。但如果Chindia攜手卷土重來，也許下一個10年屬于中國。

測試中可能遇到的詞匯和知識：

elision [?'l??(?)n]n.省音

purchasing power parity購買力平價

MSCI摩根士丹利資本國際

Chindia: getting back together? (320 words)

by Lex, January 11, 2015 4:25 pm The two economies have more in common, again

Celebrity couple elisions took off at the beginning of the 2000s, giving us Bennifer, Brangelina and Tomkat. Countries were not immune. And just like a celebrity couple, the halves of Chindia have gone separate ways. In common perception, China has had the better divorce, its economy realising its potential while India's struggles.

The data tell a different story. In the decade since 2004, India's economy in purchasing power parity terms has achieved an annual growth rate of 14 per cent, according to Bloomberg. China has only managed 12. Over the same timeframe, the MSCI India index has delivered a total return of 237 per cent to China's 154.

India still has advantages. Its economy is more consumer-driven – according to World Bank data, consumption as a percentage of GDP was over 70 per cent in India, versus less than half in China. So India is less likely to suffer from the sort of fixed asset investment hangover that now besets China. And its young population is not ageing as fast: nearly a third of India's people are below the age of 15. In China that figure is only one-fifth. CLSA estimates that China's working age population as a proportion of the total began to decline from 2010. India's worker proportion is still rising and should overtake China's by 2030.

China and India still have common ground. The dominance of a slothful public sector is marked in both countries. The neglect of small and medium enterprises by mainstream lenders hampers both economies. And both are pushing their banking sectors to serve the smaller end of their economies – India through rural account openings and China by granting private banking licenses. And India aims to develop new industries in the manufacturing sector, reminiscent of China's last five year plan, which focused on several sectors key to rebalancing the economy.

If Chindia is getting back together, perhaps the next decade belongs to China.

請根據(jù)你所讀到的文章內(nèi)容，完成以下自測題目：

1.The word “slothful” in paragraph 4 can be replaced by “____”.

A.inactive

B.energetic

C.enormous

D.working

答案(1)

2.According to the article, which below is one advantage of India?

A.Population is aging rapidly.

B.Grant private banking licenses.

C.Economy is more consumer-driven.

D.Develop new manufacturing industries.

答案(2)

3.According to the article, which below is NOT a common ground between China and India?

A.The dominance of a slothful public sector.

B.The worker proportion began to decline from 2010.

C.The neglect of small enterprises by mainstream lenders.

D.Pushing banking sectors to serve the smaller end of economies

答案(3)

* * *

(1)答案：A.inactive

解釋：slothful意味懶散的，選項(xiàng)中只有inactive接近這個含義。

(2)答案：C.Economy is more consumer-driven.

解釋：文中提到印度所具有的兩個優(yōu)勢分別為“經(jīng)濟(jì)在更大程度上由消費(fèi)者驅(qū)動”以及“印度的年輕人口也不像中國那么快老齡化”。

(3)答案：B.The worker proportion began to decline from 2010.

解釋：文中提到中國和印度所具有的共同點(diǎn)分別為兩國都以懶散的公共部門占主導(dǎo)為特色、大銀行對中小企業(yè)的忽視阻礙著兩國經(jīng)濟(jì)、兩國都在推動各自的銀行業(yè)為經(jīng)濟(jì)小微端服務(wù)等，只有中國的勞動年齡人口占總?cè)丝诘谋壤龔?010年起開始下降。