第21章　賓　語(yǔ) 21.3　用it作賓語(yǔ)

21.3　用it作賓語(yǔ)

21.3.1　人稱代詞it作賓語(yǔ)

1) 人稱代詞it?？梢杂米髻e語(yǔ)，代表剛提到的一樣?xùn)|西：

Have you got my express mail? ——Yes, I've got it. 收到我的快件了嗎？ ——收到了。

Where is my bike? ——Pam is riding it. 我的自行車在哪兒？ ——帕姆在騎。

Where is the car key? ——I put it in your drawer. 我的車鑰匙在哪兒？ ——我放在你抽屜里了。

You can't eat your cake and have it. （諺）蛋糕吃了就沒(méi)有了。

也可以代表一個(gè)嬰兒：

How about the baby? ——I'll take care of it. 寶寶怎么辦？ ——我來(lái)照看。

2) 也可表示剛提到的一件事：

If I can help, I'll do it. 如果我能幫忙，我一定會(huì)這樣做。

If he doesn't come, I can't help it. 如果他不來(lái)我也沒(méi)有辦法。

You promised to support us. You've got to do it. 你答應(yīng)支持我們的，你就應(yīng)當(dāng)這樣做。

I want to go to the dance. ——Your father won't like it. 我想去參加舞會(huì)。 ——你父親不會(huì)贊成的。

If I have improved in any way, I owe it all to you. 如果說(shuō)我有什么改進(jìn)，那都得歸功于你。

You have saved my life. I shall never forget it. 你救過(guò)我的命，我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記。

21.3.2　先行詞it作賓語(yǔ)

it也可用作先行賓語(yǔ)，借助它把真正的賓語(yǔ)放到句子后部去，特別是用在一些復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中。it可以：

1) 代表不定式：

She found it difficult to convince him. 她感到很難讓他相信。

He thought it best to be cautious. 他認(rèn)為最好小心行事。

I'dthink it well worthwhile to go. 我認(rèn)為去是很值得的。

He felt it his duty to take good care of them. 他感到好好照顧他們是他的責(zé)任。

He made it a rule to do an hour's work in the garden every day. 他給自己規(guī)定每天在花園里干一小時(shí)的活。

2) 代表that引導(dǎo)的從句（that有時(shí)省略）：

I took it for granted (that) you would be coming. 我想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為你會(huì)來(lái)的。

Depend upon it, we shall win the war. 放心吧，我們會(huì)打贏這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的。

I take it from your silence that you don't want to go. 從你的沉默中我猜想你不想去。

You can put it that it was arranged before. 你可以說(shuō)這是以前安排的。

I have it on my conscience that I haven't done my duty. 我良心不安，感到?jīng)]盡到我的責(zé)任。

He doesn't want it to be known that he's going away. 他不想讓人知道他準(zhǔn)備離開(kāi)。

間或代表連接代（副）詞引導(dǎo)的從句或動(dòng)名詞：

He hasn't made it clear when he is coming back. 他沒(méi)有說(shuō)明他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)。

They haven't made it known where the meeting is to take place. 他們沒(méi)宣布會(huì)議在哪里開(kāi)。

I think it very unwise going on like this. 我認(rèn)為這樣進(jìn)行下去很不明智。

21.3.3　一些意義不明確的it

有些作賓語(yǔ)的it，并不指具體的東西，意思很含糊，甚至沒(méi)有意思：

The last train's gone. We'll have to foot it. 最后一班火車已經(jīng)開(kāi)了，我們得步行了。

He escaped, and tramped it home, working at odd jobs. 他逃了出來(lái)，沿路打零工，像流浪漢似的回到家里。

He likes to lord it over the union staff. 他喜歡對(duì)工會(huì)下屬發(fā)號(hào)施令。

You may have to rough it a bit if you come to stay. 如果你來(lái)住，你可能要過(guò)點(diǎn)苦日子。

Leg it to the nearest telephone. 跑到最近的電話亭去打。

I shall have it out with him later. 以后我要和他談清楚。

He has it over me that he's been to Egypt and I haven't. 他比我強(qiáng)的是他去過(guò)埃及而我沒(méi)去過(guò)。

Hang it all, we can't wait all day for them. 見(jiàn)鬼，我們不能一整天都等著他們。

I'm feeling rather off it today. 我今天感到不大舒服。

We'll make a day of it. 我們要玩一整天。