美國文化脫口秀 第332期:美國人怎么背單詞?

今天，我們問問美國人，他們是如何背單詞、學新詞的?會給你帶來不少啟發(fā)哦。

關(guān)鍵詞：

美國小朋友怎么學單詞?

When you were a kid, how did you learn new English words? 你小的時候，怎么學新詞?

We had books & stories with vocabulary lists: 有英語課本，通過課文學單詞

Textbook: 課本

Passage: 課文

We also had vocabulary assignments in school: 也有詞匯功課

We were given a list of words that we needed to look up in the dictionary: 老師會給我們一串詞，讓我們查字典

Antonyms: 反義詞

Synonyms:近義詞，同義詞

Construct sentences: 造句

美國成年人怎么學單詞?

We looked up answers on Quora: 我們看了美國的一個問答網(wǎng)站，Quora

Adults learn new words through reading and social interaction: 成年人學新詞主要靠閱讀和實際生活接觸

上下文、語境很重要!

When you encounter a new word, you can often infer its meaning from the context: 遇到一個新詞，你通?？梢酝ㄟ^上下文來推斷這個詞是什么意思

Don't just memorize vocabulary lists: 不要單純?nèi)ケ骋淮畣卧~

They don't give you the context: 這樣沒有語境

You might know the meaning of the word without retaining or internalizing it: 這樣就算知道了意思，也不會用

Vocabulary words are the building blocks of your language ability, but don't be obsessed with just memorizing vocabulary: 雖然詞匯非常重要，是學語言的基礎(chǔ)，但千萬別迷失在單純背單詞這件事上

It's more useful to know how to use 50 words than to memorize 100: 會用50個詞比能背出100個詞更有意義

美國人怎么背單詞?

不要一味追求高難度

Read things you're interested in or will use: 讀你自己感興趣、用得到的內(nèi)容

You don't have to read classical novels: 不一定要讀經(jīng)典小說才有質(zhì)量

Charles Dickinson: 狄更斯

Jane Austen: 奧斯汀

Broadsheet newspapers such as New York Times or the Wall Street Journal might not be suitable either: 紐約時報、華爾街日報這樣的嚴肅大報也不一定合適

The content might not be the most practical or useful to you: 這些內(nèi)容對你不一定實用

The language might also be too difficult: 語言也有可能太難了

You might need to check 80% of the words you're reading: 你可能要查80%讀到的詞

It disrupts the learning flow: 這樣會打亂學習的連貫性

20%不懂的內(nèi)容是最佳難度

Content where you don't understand 20% of the words is the most helpful: 20%不懂的內(nèi)容是最佳難度

It means you can pretty much infer new words from the context: 因為你基本上可以從上下文推斷出新詞的意思

Pay attention to the sentences where the new words occured so that you know how to use them: 也要注意新詞匯出現(xiàn)的句子，這樣你會知道怎么用這個詞

Define reading in broader terms 廣泛定義閱讀

Find content that motivates and matches your interest and hobbies: 找能激發(fā)你興趣的內(nèi)容讀

High frequency content: 找你使用頻率高的內(nèi)容

Even work-related topics could be fun to read: 即使工作類的內(nèi)容，只要對你有用，也是好的資源

Check American news portals 查看美國新聞門戶網(wǎng)站

Current affairs/events: 時事

聽美國播客

I learn a lot of new words from listening to podcasts: 我很多新詞都是聽美國播客學的

NPR has a many great podcasts: 美國國家公共電臺有很多好節(jié)目

On Point：NPR旗下一個每日更新的新聞節(jié)目

It covers a wide range of topics: 涉及的主題非常廣

You will learn a wide range of things and words and natural expressions: 你能學到廣泛豐富的新詞和自然的表達方式

記筆記

I kept a notebook when I was in school: 我上學的時候有一本單詞筆記本

I'd write down new words every day:每天接觸的新詞會記下來

I'd write down each word and its definition for a few times to help me memorize: 每個詞和解釋多寫幾遍，增加記憶力

I'd also write down the sentence where the new word was used: 也會記下新詞出現(xiàn)的句子

It helped me internalize the new words: 這樣能幫我真正掌握新詞