第一冊(cè)第7篇：論禮儀

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William Hazlitt 威廉·黑茲利特

Etiquette to society is what apparel is to the individual. Without apparel men would go in shameful nudity which would surely lead to the corruption of morals; and without etiquette society would be in a pitiable state and the necessary intercourse between its members would be interfered with by needless offences and troubles. If society were a train, the etiquette would be the rails along which only the train could rumble forth; if society were a state coach, the etiquette would be the wheels and axis, on which only the coach could roll forward.(1) The lack of proprieties would make the most intimate friends turn to be the most decided enemies and the friendly or allied countries declare war against each other.(2) We can find many examples in the history of mankind. Therefore I advise you to stand on ceremony(3) before anyone else and to take pains (4) not to do anything against etiquette lest you give offences or make enemies.(5)

中文譯文：

禮儀之于社會(huì)猶如衣著之于個(gè)人。人若不穿衣服，就會(huì)一絲不掛，令人恥笑，必然導(dǎo)致道德敗壞，社會(huì)要是沒(méi)有禮儀，就會(huì)陷入可悲的境地，而社會(huì)成員之間所必需的交往就會(huì)被無(wú)謂的沖突和糾紛所干擾。假定社會(huì)是一列火車(chē)，禮儀就好比軌道，火車(chē)只能沿著它隆隆前進(jìn)。假定社會(huì)是一輛貴賓車(chē)，禮儀就好比輪子與軸，馬車(chē)只有靠它們才能滾滾前進(jìn)。缺了禮節(jié)，最親密的朋友會(huì)變成死敵，友好或結(jié)盟的國(guó)家會(huì)兵戎相見(jiàn)。我們可以從人類(lèi)歷史上找到許多這種例子。因此我勸你對(duì)于任何人都要講究禮儀，并且盡力不做違背禮儀的事，以免冒犯他人或者樹(shù)敵。

英文注釋?zhuān)?/p>

(1)If society were a train，the etiquette would be…roll forward： 這是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的虛擬句，分號(hào)后面的是一個(gè)同樣結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)句，與這一句并列。

(2)The lack of proprieties would make…friends turn to be…and the...countries declare war…：本句中的make有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)。第一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)是 friends，turn to be是friends的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，第二個(gè)賓語(yǔ)是countries，declare war是countries的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式作make的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，必須省略to。

(3)stand on ceremony：講究禮節(jié)。

(4) take pains： 盡力。后接動(dòng)詞不定式。

(5)lest you give offences or make enemie