CNN News: 美國(guó)考慮征收電商稅

Today's show starts with a pair of significant cases in front of the U.S. Supreme Court.

今天的節(jié)目首先來(lái)關(guān)注美國(guó)最高法院審理的兩起重要案件。

The first involves part of a federal law that concerned immigrants to the U.S. It said that people who came to the country legally but who were not American citizens could be deported if they've been convicted of crimes of violence. Both the Obama and Trump administrations supported the law when it came to a legal immigrant from the Philippines who was convicted twice of home burglary in California.

第一起案件涉及與移民美國(guó)有關(guān)的聯(lián)邦法律。法律規(guī)定，合法進(jìn)入美國(guó)的非美國(guó)公民如果被判暴力罪名成立，則可能被驅(qū)逐出境。一名來(lái)自菲律賓的合法移民因在加州實(shí)施了兩起入室搶劫被定罪，在這起案件中，奧巴馬政府和特朗普政府均支持這項(xiàng)法律。

At first, a lower court ruled that his convictions amounted to a crime of violence. But the man's lawyers appealed the decision, arguing their client wasn't given notice that his crimes would result in deportation, and that the "crimes of violence" part of the law wasn't clear enough.

一開始，一家下級(jí)法院裁定，他的罪名相當(dāng)于暴力犯罪。但是該男子的律師對(duì)這項(xiàng)判決提起了上訴，稱他的委托人并沒有被告知他的罪行會(huì)導(dǎo)致被驅(qū)逐出境，而且法律中對(duì)“暴力罪行”的規(guī)定也不夠明確。

In a 5-4 ruling, the Supreme Court decided the law was too vague to be constitutional because Congress didn't define what exactly would qualify as a violent crime. So, in this case, the immigrant from the Philippines won't be automatically deported.

最高法院以5票支持、4票反對(duì)的結(jié)果判定，這項(xiàng)法律過于模糊，不符合憲法，因?yàn)閲?guó)會(huì)沒有明確界定哪種罪行被歸為暴力犯罪。因此在這起案件中，那名菲律賓移民不會(huì)被自動(dòng)驅(qū)逐出境。

The ruling is limited though. Experts say the government can still deport legal immigrants convicted of obvious violent crimes like murder.

不過這項(xiàng)判決的效力有限。專家表示，政府仍可以驅(qū)逐犯下謀殺等明顯暴力罪行的合法移民。

The second case involves sales tax in the Internet. Oftentimes, when you buy something online in the U.S., you don't have to pay sales tax, unless you're buying from Amazon itself, which charges it in most states, or if you're shopping at a retail company that has a physical store in your state.

第二起案件涉及互聯(lián)網(wǎng)銷售稅。通常，在美國(guó)從網(wǎng)上買東西不用付銷售稅，除非你在亞馬遜網(wǎng)站上購(gòu)物，該網(wǎng)站在大多數(shù)州收取銷售稅，或者你購(gòu)物的零售店在你所在州有實(shí)體店時(shí)，也需要支付銷售稅。

South Dakota wants this changed. It says states are missing out on billions of dollars in e-commerce taxes when people don't pay them online, and it wants companies that sell more than $100,000 worth of goods in a year to collect taxes for South Dakota.

南達(dá)科塔州希望改變這種情況。該州認(rèn)為，由于人們?cè)诰W(wǎng)上購(gòu)物時(shí)不付銷售稅，導(dǎo)致各州損失了數(shù)十億美元的電商稅，該州希望每年銷售商品價(jià)值超過10萬(wàn)美元的公司為南達(dá)科塔州征稅。

But many smaller businesses like ones that sell on eBay don't want to be forced to collect taxes. They say they'll lose thousands if they have to charge sales tax and that the different taxes that states and cities have are too complicated to keep up with. The Supreme Court's decision on this is expected to come at around the beginning of summer.

但是在eBay網(wǎng)上銷售商品的小型企業(yè)不希望被強(qiáng)迫征稅。這些小企業(yè)表示，如果他們繳納銷售稅，那會(huì)使他們損失數(shù)千美元，而且各州和各城市對(duì)銷售稅的規(guī)定并不相同，因?yàn)檫^于復(fù)雜，所以他們無(wú)法跟進(jìn)。最高法院將于夏初對(duì)此案做出裁決。