課本中不會(huì)教你的761 不帶to的不定式
761 不帶to的不定式
◎ 不定式不帶to，有下列幾種用法。參見上文。
① 使役動(dòng)詞make，let，have 之后的賓語補(bǔ)足語用不帶to的不定式。
The picture made me think of my hometown. 這幅畫使我想起了我的故鄉(xiāng)。
The teacher had John answer the question. 老師讓約翰回答問題。
let me have a feel. 讓我摸一下。
提示
let有時(shí)可同另一個(gè)動(dòng)詞直接連用，如let go放開 （釋放），let fly發(fā)射，let slip放走（松開）。
Don't let go the rope. 抓住繩子，別松手。
He let fly an arrow. 他射了一箭。
② 感覺、感官動(dòng)詞feel，hear，see，watch，notice，observe，look at，listen to等后的賓語補(bǔ)足語用不帶to的不定式。
She felt her health improve. 她感到自己的身體在好起來。
I've never heard him say so. 我從沒聽說他這樣說過。
I saw some birds fly overhead. 我看到一些鳥從頭頂上飛過。
She sat by the window，watching the moon go down. 她坐在窗前，看著月兒西沉。
I noticed her enter by the back door. 我注意到她從后門進(jìn)來了。
He is looking at the children play in the garden. 他看著孩子們?cè)趫@子里玩耍。
提示
上述動(dòng)詞如果用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，作主語補(bǔ)足語的不定式要帶to。
He was observed to pass by the post office. 有人看見他從郵局前走過去。
③ 在had better/best，would rather，would sooner，would rather…than，would sooner…than等短語后，要用不帶to的不定式。
You had better take a few days' rest. 你最好休息幾天。
I would rather have tea instead of coffee. 我寧愿喝茶而不喝咖啡。
He went on trying rather than give up. 他繼續(xù)努力，而不愿放棄。
He would rather stay home than go out in such bad weather. 天氣很糟，他寧愿待在家里而不愿出去。
He would rather die than do such a thing. 他寧死也不愿干這種事。
④ 在can not but，cannot help but，cannot choose but等后，要用不帶to的不定式。
He cannot but give up the plan. 他只好放棄那項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。
I cannot help but be sorry. 我只有悔恨而已。
He cannot choose but obey. 他只得服從。
⑤ help 后用不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，有兩種情況。
（1）如果主語參與賓語的動(dòng)作，常用不帶to的不定式。
Mary helped the old woman clean the house. 瑪麗幫助那位老太太打掃房屋。
All the students in the class helped plant the trees yesterday. 昨天，這個(gè)班上所有的學(xué)生都幫助植樹了。
（2）如果主語不參與賓語的動(dòng)作，作賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式一般要帶to。
His lecture helps me to know more about the present economic situation. 他的演講幫助我更多地了解當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)。
The compass helped him to find his way back. 指南針幫助他找到了返回的路。
⑥ 在do/does/did/have done nothing but結(jié)構(gòu)中，but后的不定式不帶to；如果前面沒有do，but后的不定式要帶to。
He does nothing but laugh. 他只是笑。
She did nothing but watch TV last night. 她昨晚除了看電視別的什么也沒做。
但：He had no choice but to go with them. 他別無選擇，只好跟他們走。
⑦ what 引導(dǎo)的主語從句中含有do時(shí)，作表語的不定式不帶to。
What he likes to do is collect stamps. 他喜歡做的就是集郵。
What I'd like to do is live alone for a month or two. 我想要做的就是一個(gè)人獨(dú)居一兩個(gè)月。
⑧ 主語為“all或the thing+含有實(shí)義do的定語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，作表語的不定式不帶to。
All she did this morning was water the flowers. 她今天上午所做的就是澆花。
The only thing I could do then was wait my chance. 我當(dāng)時(shí)唯一能做的就是等待機(jī)會(huì)。
⑨ the thing to do 作主語時(shí)，作表語的不定式不帶to。
The thing to do now is modernize our industry. 現(xiàn)在所做的事情就是使我們的工業(yè)現(xiàn)代化。
⑩ 以why開頭的疑問句，常用不帶to的不定式。
Why lend money to him？為什么借錢給他呢？
Why not ask somebody else？為什么不問問別人呢？
