attempt,endeavour和manage
① try為普通用語,較口語化,指付出一定努力去做某事,后接不定式和動(dòng)名詞時(shí)意義不同。
They tried to find a guide. 他們?cè)噲D找一個(gè)向?qū)А?
She tried cooking her food with a solar cooker. 她試著用太陽灶做飯。
② try to do sth.表示“試圖做某事”,相當(dāng)于attempt to do sth.。try to do sth.常可用try and do sth.代替。
I shall try to answer all these questions. 我將試著回答所有這些問題。
They tried to build the bridge in three months. 他們?cè)噲D在三個(gè)月內(nèi)建成那座橋。
Try to be here early.
Try and be here early. 盡量早點(diǎn)來這里。
② try doing sth.表示“試著,嘗試”做某事。
They tried making a model plane. 他們?cè)囍鲆粋€(gè)模型飛機(jī)。
He tried swimming across the river. 他試著游過河去。
③ try out表示“試用”。
They have tried out the new medicine. 他們已試用過這種新藥。
Please try it out. 請(qǐng)?jiān)囉靡幌隆?
④ try on表示“試穿”衣服、鞋子等。
She is trying on a new dress. 她在試穿一件新衣服。
Try it on,please. 請(qǐng)?jiān)嚧┮幌隆?
⑤ attempt意為“企圖,嘗試”,比try正式,指作一次性的嘗試,強(qiáng)調(diào)開始做某事的企圖,而不在乎是否達(dá)到目的。attempt是及物動(dòng)詞,后多接名詞或不定式,有時(shí)也可接動(dòng)名詞。
He attempted a difficult task. 他試做一件艱難的工作。
He attempted to stand/standing up but was told to sit down. 他想站起來,但被要求坐下。
⑥ endeavour為書面用語,常對(duì)有價(jià)值的和困難的目標(biāo)而言,含有必須付出巨大的努力,克服較大的困難的意味。
He endeavoured to compose himself. 他竭力使自己鎮(zhèn)靜下來。
You must endeavour to improve your work. 你必須努力改進(jìn)自己的工作。
⑦ manage表示“設(shè)法做成了某事”,暗含經(jīng)歷了周折,克服了障礙,或總算“將就著”做成了。
比較
He managed to get the work done with very little help.他沒用他人幫助完成了那項(xiàng)工作。
He tried to get the work done with very little help. (but failed)他試圖不用他人幫助完成那項(xiàng)工作。(但沒能完成)